Biocatalysis and Fermentation Technology : Thermostable Sites and Catalytic Characterization of Xylanase XYNB of Aspergillus niger SCTCC 400264

( Xin Ran Li ),( Hui Xu ),( Jie Xie ),( Qiao Fu Yi ),( Wei Li ),( Dai Rong Qiao ),( Yi Cao ),( Yu Cao ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2014 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.24 No.4

In order to improve the expression of heat-resistant xylanase XYNB from Aspergillus niger SCTCC 400264, XynB has been cloned into Pichia pastoris secretary vector pPIC9K. The XynB production of recombinant P. pastoris was four times that of E. coli, and the Vmax and specific activity of XynB reached 2,547.7 umol/mg and 4,757 U/mg, respectively. XynB still had 74% residual enzyme activity after 30 min of heat treatment at 80°C. From the van der Waals force analysis of XYNB (ACN89393 and AAS67299), there is one more oxygen radical in AAS67299 in their catalytic site, indicating that the local cavity is much more free, and it is more optimal for substrate binding, affinity reaction, and proton transfer, etc, and e ventually i ncreasing enzyme activity. The H-bonds analysis of XYNB indicated that there are two more H-bonds in the 33rd Ser of XYNB (AAS67299) than in the 33rd Ala(ACN89393 ), and two H-bonds between Ser70 and Asp67.

위드 코로나 시대에서 유아교육 현장의 원격교육 제한사항과 이에 따른 유아 원격교육 솔루션 개발 제안

이흔연 ( Li Xin Ran ),홍필태 ( Hong Pil Tae ) 한국실천공학교육학회 2021 실천공학교육논문지 Vol.13 No.2

유아교육은 지식의 전달보다는 지도자에 의하여 유아의 감각을 키우는 과정이라는 특징으로 인하여, 위드 코로나 시대에서도 유아 원격교육은 일대일 비대면 교육 보다는, 유아교육 꾸러미 등 배포된 자료나 TV등의 매체를 통하여 학부모가 직접 돌보는 방식으로 원격교육이 진행되었다. 연구자는 선행연구 고찰 및 학부모 집중 인터뷰를 통하여, 교육 콘텐츠의 확대 및 접근성확대, 유아 원격교육의 기본지식 이해, 실시간 원격교육을 통한 유아의 사회성 증대 필요 등의 원격교육 요구사항을 파악하였고, 현재 제공중인 원격교육 관련 솔루션이 유아교육에는 적합하지 않다는 것을 파악하였다. 이에 따라, 연구자는 다양성, 용이성, 실시간 소통, 통합이라는 유아 원격교육 솔루션의 기본방향(VERI)을 제시하고, 유아, 학부모, 교사가 함께 콘텐츠를 공유하고, 실시간 및 비실시간 소통을 할 수 있는 Web/App 솔루션 개발을 제안하였다. 이러한 원격교육 솔루션은 단지 가이드라인과 자료만 제시하고 있는 현재 상황을 유아-학부모-교사가 함께 소통하고, 콘텐츠를 공유하게 되어, 위드 코로나 시대의 유아 원격교육을 효율적으로 지원할 것으로 기대한다. Due to the characteristic that early childhood education is a process of nurturing children’s senses by a leader rather than the transfer of knowledge, even in the era of with Corona, early childhood distance education is not one-to-one non-face-to-face education, but rather through distributed materials such as early childhood education packages or media such as TV. Distance education was conducted in a self-care method. Through a review of prior research and intensive parent interviews, the researcher identified the requirements for distance education, such as the expansion and accessibility of educational contents, understanding of basic knowledge of early childhood distance education, and the need to increase children’s social skills through real-time distance education. It was identified that the current distance education-related solutions are not suitable for early childhood education. Accordingly, the researcher presents the basic direction (VERI) of the early childhood distance education solution of diversity, ease, real-time communication, and integration, and provides a Web/App platform that allows children, parents, and teachers to share content and communicate in real time and in non-real time. The development of a solution was proposed. This distance education solution is expected to effectively support early childhood distance education in the era of With Corona as infants, parents, and teachers communicate and share the current situation, which is only presenting guidelines and materials.

Preventive effect of Lactobacillus plantarum HFY09 on HCl/ethanol-induced gastric injury in mice

Li Fang,Sun Hailan,Ran Guangjun,Liu Xinhong,Yi Ruokun,Tan Fang,Zhao Xin,Liu Huazhi 한국응용생명화학회 2020 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.63 No.5

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Lactobacillus plantarum HFY09 on gastric injury induced by HCl/ ethanol in Kunming mice. The results showed that HFY09-H inhibited any increases in gastric juice volume, maintained the normal pH value of gastric acid, and reduced the damage caused to the gastric mucosa and gastric wall, the inhibition rate on the injury area reaches 63.70%. Compared with the negative control group, HFY09 increased the levels of serum somatostatin (SS) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and also decreased the levels of substance P (SP), endothelin-1 (ET-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-12 (IL-12), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ). In addition, real time fluorescent quantitative PCR (Q-PCR) also confirmed that high-dose HFY09 ( 109 CFU/kg/ day) upregulated the mRNA expression of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD), manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), catalase (CAT), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), and downregulated the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). At the same time, the results of the HFY09 treatment group were similar to those of the ranitidine treatment group. These results indicate that HFY09 can prevent gastric injury induced by HCl/ethanol in vivo. Therefore, HFY09 may play a potential role in the treatment of gastric diseases.

Selection of Reference Genes for Real-time Quantitative PCR Normalization in the Process of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici Infecting Wheat

Li-hua Xie,Xin Quan,Jie Zhang,Yan-yan Yang,Run-hong Sun,Ming-cong Xia,Bao-guo Xue,Chao Wu,Xiao-yun Han,Ya-nan Xue,Li-rong Yang 한국식물병리학회 2019 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.35 No.1

Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici is a soil borne pathogenic fungus associated with wheat roots. The accurate quantification of gene expression during the process of infection might be helpful to understand the pathogenic molecular mechanism. However, this method requires suitable reference genes for transcript normalization. In this study, nine candidate reference genes were chosen, and the specificity of the primers were investigated by melting curves of PCR products. The expression stability of these nine candidates was determined with three programs-geNorm, Norm Finder, and Best Keeper. TUBβ was identified as the most stable reference gene. Furthermore, the exopolygalacturonase gene (ExoPG) was selected to verify the reliability of TUBβ expression. The expression profile of ExoPG assessed using TUBβ agreed with the results of digital gene expression analysis by RNA-Seq. This study is the first systematic exploration of the optimal reference genes in the infection process of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici.

Vegetable Oil Intake and Breast Cancer Risk: a Meta-analysis

Xin, Yue,Li, Xiao-Yu,Sun, Shi-Ran,Wang, Li-Xia,Huang, Tao Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.12

Background: Total fat intake may be associated with increased risk of breast cancer, and fish oil has been suggested as a protection factor to breast cancer. But the effect of vegetable oils is inconclusive. We aimed to investigate the association with high vegetable oils consumption and breast cancer risk, and evaluated their dose-response relationship. Design: We systematically searched the MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane databases, and CNKI updated to December 2014, and identified all observational studies providing quantitative estimates between breast cancer risk and different vegetable oils consumption. Fixed or random effect models were used to estimate summary odds ratios for the highest vs. lowest intake, and dose-response relationship was assessed by restricted cubic spline model and generalized least-squares trend (GLST) model. Results: Five prospective cohort studies and 11 retrospective case-control studies, involving 11,161 breast cancer events from more than 150,000 females, met the inclusion criteria. Compared with the lowest vegetable oils consumption, higher intake didn't increased the risk of breast cancer with pooled OR of 0.88 (95% CIs:0.77-1.01), and the result from dose-response analyses didn't show a significant positive or negative trend on the breast cancer risk for each 10g vegetable oil/day increment (OR=0.98, 95% CIs: 0.95-1.01). In the subgroup analyses, the oils might impact on females with different strata of BMI. Higher olive oil intake showed a protective effect against breast cancer with OR of 0.74 (95% CIs: 0.60-0.92), which was not significant among the three cohort studies. Conclusions: This meta-analyses suggested that higher intake of vegetable oils is not associated with the higher risk of breast cancer. Olive oil might be a protective factor for the cancer occurrence among case-control studies and from the whole. Recall bias and imbalance in study location and vegetable oils subtypes shouldn't be ignored. More prospective cohort studies are required to confirm the interaction of the impact of vegetable oils on different population and various cancer characteristic, and further investigate the relationship between different subtype oils and breast cancer.

Selection of Reference Genes for Real-time Quantitative PCR Normalization in the Process of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici Infecting Wheat

Xie, Li-hua,Quan, Xin,Zhang, Jie,Yang, Yan-yan,Sun, Run-hong,Xia, Ming-cong,Xue, Bao-guo,Wu, Chao,Han, Xiao-yun,Xue, Ya-nan,Yang, Li-rong The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2019 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.35 No.1

Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici is a soil borne pathogenic fungus associated with wheat roots. The accurate quantification of gene expression during the process of infection might be helpful to understand the pathogenic molecular mechanism. However, this method requires suitable reference genes for transcript normalization. In this study, nine candidate reference genes were chosen, and the specificity of the primers were investigated by melting curves of PCR products. The expression stability of these nine candidates was determined with three programs-geNorm, Norm Finder, and Best Keeper. $TUB{\beta}$ was identified as the most stable reference gene. Furthermore, the exopolygalacturonase gene (ExoPG) was selected to verify the reliability of $TUB{\beta}$ expression. The expression profile of ExoPG assessed using $TUB{\beta}$ agreed with the results of digital gene expression analysis by RNA-Seq. This study is the first systematic exploration of the optimal reference genes in the infection process of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici.

Auricular acupressure promotes uterine involution after cesarean section: A randomized controlled trial

Shu-xin Wang,Jing-chun Zeng,Ting Li,Wan-lan Zhang,Yan-fang Li,Run-jin Zhou,Zi-jun Liu,Yu-ling Liu,Xun Zhuang,Rui Zhang,Li-ming Lu,Guo-hua Lin 한국한의학연구원 2021 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.10 No.3

Background: Postpartum subinvolution of the uterus is a more common condition after cesarean section. Auricular acupressure (AA) is widely used for the treatment of postpartum diseases. However, few studies have explored the effects of AA as a treatment of uterine involution following cesarean section to date. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of AA for uterine involution after cesarean section. Methods: A total of 109 women who underwent cesarean section participated in this study. They were randomly allocated to either real AA or sham AA in a 1:1 ratio by a computer program. For 3 days, the real AA and sham AA groups received treatment 3 times daily. A series of assessments at 42 days after cesarean section, namely on the uterine size, the incidence of hydrometra, the first anal exsufflation time, bleeding volume at 6 hours, bleeding volume at 6–24 hours along with other general assessments were carried out. Results: A total of 89 women completed the study. The uterine size at 42 days after a cesarean section was 6.3 cm smaller in the real AA group than in the sham AA group (P < 0.01). The incidence of hydrometra on day 42 postpartum was lower in the real AA group than in the sham AA group (P < 0.01). The lochia duration and the first anal exsufflation time after cesarean section were shorter in the real AA group than in the sham AA group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: AA improves uterine involution after cesarean section. Trial registration: ChiCTR1800015569.

A Novel Non-phosgene Approach to the Synthesis of Methyl N-phenyl Carbamate by a Reaction of Methanol with Phenylurea

Shi-run Yan,Xin-kui Wang,Zhen-hua Li,Kang-nian Fan,Mao-qing Kang,Shao-yi Peng 한국화학공학회 2004 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.21 No.2

A novel non-phosgene process for the synthesis of methyl N-phenyl carbamate (MPC) by a reaction of phenylurea with methanol was studied. The reaction between phenylurea and methanol was found to be a spontaneous reaction that took place in the absence of catalyst and gave MPC as the main product. Addition of a catalyst markedly influenced the reaction behavior. A basic catalyst greatly enhanced the yield of MPC, whereas an acidic catalyst promoted the formation of aniline and methyl carbamate. Moderate strength of basicity showed the best catalytic performance in the cases studied. The mechanism of reaction and catalyst functioning was discussed.

Ginsenoside Rg1 attenuates mechanical stress-induced cardiac injury via calcium sensing receptorrelated pathway

Mei-Li Lu,Jing Wang,Yang Sun,Cong Li,Tai-Ran Sun,Xu-Wei Hou,Hong-Xin Wang 고려인삼학회 2021 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.45 No.6

Background: Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) has been well documented to be effective against various cardiovasculardisease. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of Rg1 on mechanical stress-inducedcardiac injury and its possible mechanism with a focus on the calcium sensing receptor (CaSR)signaling pathway. Methods: Mechanical stress was implemented on rats through abdominal aortic constriction (AAC)procedure and on cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts by mechanical stretching with Bioflex CollagenI plates. The effects of Rg1 on cell hypertrophy, fibrosis, cardiac function, [Ca2þ]i, and the expression ofCaSR and calcineurin (CaN) were assayed both on rat and cellular level. Results: Rg1 alleviated cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, and improved cardiac decompensation inducedby AAC in rat myocardial tissue and cultured cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts. Importantly, Rg1treatment inhibited CaSR expression and increase of [Ca2þ]i, which similar to the CaSR inhibitor NPS2143. In addition, Rg1 treatment inhibited CaN and TGF-b1 pathways activation. Mechanistic analysis showedthat the CaSR agonist GdCl3 could not further increase the [Ca2þ]i and CaN pathway related proteinexpression induced by mechanical stretching in cultured cardiomyocytes. CsA, an inhibitor of CaN,inhibited cardiac hypertrophy, cardiac fibrosis, [Ca2þ]i and CaN signaling but had no effect on CaSRexpression. Conclusion: The activation of CaN pathway and the increase of [Ca2þ]i mediated by CaSR are involved incardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, that may be the target of cardioprotection of Rg1 against myocardialinjury.

A Novel Non-phosgene Approach to the Synthesis of Methyl N-phenyl Carbamate by a Reaction of Methanol with Phenylurea

Wang, Xin-kui,Yan, Shi-run,Li, Zhen-hua,Fan, Kang-nian,Kang, Mao-qing,Peng, Shao-yi 한국화학공학회 2004 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.21 No.2

A novel non-phosgene process for the synthesis of methyl N-phenyl carbamate (MPC) by a reaction of phenylurea with methanol was studied. The reaction between phenylurea and methanol was found to be a spontaneous reaction that took place in the absence of catalyst and gave MPC as the main product. Addition of a catalyst markedly influenced the reaction behavior. A basic catalyst greatly enhanced the yield of MPC, whereas an acidic catalyst promoted the formation of aniline and methyl carbamate. Moderate strength of basicity showed the best catalytic performance in the cases studied. The mechanism of reaction and catalyst functioning was discussed.