Low-Complexity Hybrid Adaptive Blind Equalization Algorithm for High-Order QAM Signals

( Wei Rao ),( Changlong Lu ),( Yuanyuan Liu ),( Jianqiu Zhang ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2016 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.10 No.8

It is well known that the constant modulus algorithm (CMA) presents a large steady-state mean-square error (MSE) for high-order quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) signals. In this paper, we propose a low-complexity hybrid adaptive blind equalization algorithm, which augments the CMA error function with a novel constellation matched error (CME) term. The most attractive advantage of the proposed algorithm is that it is computationally simpler than concurrent CMA and soft decision-directed (SDD) scheme (CMA+SDD), and modified CMA (MCMA), while the approximation of steady-state MSE of the proposed algorithm is same with CMA+SDD, and lower than MCMA. Extensive simulations demonstrate the performance of the proposed algorithm.

Regulation of Gut Microbiota Disrupts the Glucocorticoid Receptor Pathway and Inflammation-related Pathways in the Mouse Hippocampus

Xuechen Rao,Lanxiang Liu,Haiyang Wang,Ying Yu,Wenxia Li,Tingjia Chai,Wei Zhou,Ping Ji,Jin-Lin Song,Hong Wei,Peng Xie 한국뇌신경과학회 2021 Experimental Neurobiology Vol.30 No.1

An increasing number of studies have recently indicated the important effects of gut microbes on various functions of the central nervous system. However, the underlying mechanisms by which gut microbiota regulate brain functions and behavioral phenotypes remain largely unknown. We therefore used isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based quantitative proteomic analysis to obtain proteomic profiles of the hippocampus in germ-free (GF), colonized GF, and specific pathogen-free (SPF) mice. We then integrated the resulting proteomic data with previously reported mRNA microarray data, to further explore the effects of gut microbes on host brain functions. We identified that 61 proteins were upregulated and 242 proteins were downregulated in GF mice compared with SPF mice. Of these, 124 proteins were significantly restored following gut microbiota colonization. Bioinformatic analysis of these significant proteins indicated that the glucocorticoid receptor signaling pathway and inflammation-related pathways were the most enriched disrupted pathways. This study provides new insights into the pathological mechanisms of gut microbiota-regulated diseases.

Efficient Surface Display of L-glutamate Oxidase and L-amino Acid Oxidase on Pichia pastoris Using Multi-copy Expression Strains

Rao Ben,Zhou Ronghua,Dong Qing,Liao Xianqing,Liu Fang,Chen Wei,Liu Xiaoyan,Min Yong,Wang YaPing 한국생물공학회 2020 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.25 No.4

L-glutamate oxidase (GLOD) and L-amino acid oxidase (AAO) were reported to be capable of convert L-glutamic acid to α-aketoglutaric acid (α-KG). These two enzymes gene have been successfully expressed by using pHBM905BDM in Pichia pastoris to produce α-aketoglutaric acid from L-glutamic acid in our previous studies. Here these two enzymes were displayed on P. pastoris to achieve the conversion. We constructed multi-copy expression plasmids using plasmid pHBM905BDM. By using this plasmid, multi-copy strains were constructed and named as PGLOD(1-3)-AGα1 and PAAO(1-3)-AGα1, respectively. The following results showed that expression of GLOD(1-3)- AGα1 and AAO(1-3)-AGα1 in multi-copy strains increased as designed and strain PGLOD3-AGα1 and PAAO3-AGα1 was chosen for high-density fermentation and enzyme activity experiments. By using a multi-copy expression approach and high-density fermentation, we achieved a GLOD expression yield of 688.5 U/g dry cell weight and AAO expression yield of 626.7 U/g dry cell weight. By using displayed GLOD, the average production rate of L-glutamic acid to α-KG was 6.22 g/L/h and the highest α-KG titer (124.5 g/L) was converted from 135 g/L L-glutamic acid. By using displayed AAO, the average production rate of L-glutamic acid to α-KG was 5.78 g/L/h and the highest α-KG titer (115.6 g/L) was converted from 135 g/L L-glutamic acid. It showed that displaying enzymes on P. pastoris are suitable for use in industrial applications.

Expression and Characterization of a New L-amino Acid Oxidase AAO Producing α-ketoglutaric Acid from L-glutamic Acid

Rao Ben,Liao Xianqing,Liu Fang,Chen Wei,Zhou Ronghua,Ma Lixin,Wang YaPing 한국생물공학회 2019 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.24 No.6

L-amino acid oxidase (AAO) was reported to be capable of converting L-glutamic acid to α-aketoglutaric acid (α-KG). The sequence of AAO from Kitasatospora cheerisanensis was synthesized based on Pichia pastoris codon-usage preferences. AAO gene was cloned into plasmid pPICZα which was transformed into P. pastoris. Next, multi-copy expression plasmids were constructed by using plasmid pHBM905BDM. High-density fermentation was performed and the recombinant enzyme was characterized. The conversion conditions were optimized. By using Escherichia coli expression system, no soluble or active AAO was obtained from two strains after fermentation and induction. We can’t obtain high-level expression of recombinant strains by using plasmid pPICZα. Therefore, we constructed multi-copy expression plasmids using plasmid pHBM905BDM. By using this plasmid, multi-copy strains were constructed and named as PAAO1, PAAO2, PAAO3, PAAO4, and PAAO5, respectively. The following results showed that expression of AAO in multicopy strains increased as designed and strain PAAO5 was chosen for high-density fermentation and enzyme activity experiments. After high-density fermentation, we achieved an AAO-expression yield of 120.8 U/mL. After temperature and pH optimization, the highest AAO activity was observed at a temperature and pH of 20°C and 6, respectively. After optimization of the conversion conditions, the average production rate of L-glutamic acid to α-KG was 3.46 g/L/h and the highest α-KG titer (103 g/L) was converted from 120 g/L L-glutamic acid. In this study, AAO was abundantly expressed by using P. pastoris expression system. The following experiments indicated that AAO is suitable for use in industrial applications.

Microarray Analysis of Long Non-coding RNA Expression Profile Associated with 5-Fluorouracil-Based Chemoradiation Resistance in Colorectal Cancer Cells

Xiong, Wei,Jiang, Yong-Xin,Ai, Yi-Qin,Liu, Shan,Wu, Xing-Rao,Cui, Jian-Guo,Qin, Ji-Yong,Liu, Yan,Xia, Yao-Xiong,Ju, Yun-He,He, Wen-Jie,Wang, Yong,Li, Yun-Fen,Hou, Yu,Wang, Li,Li, Wen-Hui Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.8

Background: Preoperative 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemoradiotherapy is a standard treatment for locally advanced colorectal cancer (CRC). However, CRC cells often develop chemoradiation resistance (CRR). Recent studies have shown that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) plays critical roles in a myriad of biological processes and human diseases, as well as chemotherapy resistance. Since the roles of lncRNAs in 5-FU-based CRR in human CRC cells remain unknown, they were investigated in this study. Materials and Methods: A 5-FU-based concurrent CRR cell model was established using human CRC cell line HCT116. Microarray expression profiling of lncRNAs and mRNAs was undertaken in parental HCT116 and 5-FU-based CRR cell lines. Results: In total, 2,662 differentially expressed lncRNAs and 2,398 mRNAs were identified in 5-FU-based CRR HCT116 cells when compared with those in parental HCT116. Moreover, 6 lncRNAs and 6 mRNAs found to be differentially expressed were validated by quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis for the differentially expressed mRNAs indicated involvement of many, such as Jak-STAT, PI3K-Akt and NF-kappa B signaling pathways. To better understand the molecular basis of 5-FU-based CRR in CRC cells, correlated expression networks were constructed based on 8 intergenic lncRNAs and their nearby coding genes. Conclusions: Changes in lncRNA expression are involved in 5-FU-based CRR in CRC cells. These findings may provide novel insight for the prognosis and prediction of response to therapy in CRC patients.

Cold Arc MIG Welding of Titanium Ti6Al4V to Aluminum 5A05Al Using Al–Mg5 Filler

Shouzheng Wei,Wenji Rao,Zhiyong Li,Yingqiao Zhang 대한금속·재료학회 2020 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.26 No.10

Butt welding of titanium Ti6Al4V to aluminum 5A05Al was carried out using cold arc MIG welding with Al–Mg5 filler. Microstructure of the Ti/Al interface was strongly influenced by the welding heat input. Two types of Ti/Al interfaces wereobserved, i.e. a serrated TiAl3layer in the regions with low heat input, a uniform Ti3.3Allayer and a cellular TiAl3layer inthe regions with high heat input. The latter interface appeared interesting growth sequence, that is, Ti3.3Allayer and cellularTiAl3layer were formed orderly from titanium side to weld metal side. Tensile test and fractography study were carried outto examine the reliability and fracture mode of the joint, respectively. Crack-free welds were obtained with full-penetrationunder operational welding process. All the specimens were fractured in aluminum base metal during the tensile test and theaverage tensile strength reached up to approximately 242 MPa. Interfacial microstructure and properties of the joint indicatedthat Al–Mg5 filler can be used as effective filler to fabricate sound Ti/Al joints.

Region Division for Large-scale Image Retrieval

( Yunbo Rao ),( Wei Liu ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2019 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.13 No.10

Large-scale retrieval algorithm is problem for visual analyses applications, along its research track. In this paper, we propose a high-efficiency region division-based image retrieve approaches, which fuse low-level local color histogram feature and texture feature. A novel image region division is proposed to roughly mimic the location distribution of image color and deal with the color histogram failing to describe spatial information. Furthermore, for optimizing our region division retrieval method, an image descriptor combining local color histogram and Gabor texture features with reduced feature dimensions are developed. Moreover, we propose an extended Canberra distance method for images similarity measure to increase the fault-tolerant ability of the whole large-scale image retrieval. Extensive experimental results on several benchmark image retrieval databases validate the superiority of the proposed approaches over many recently proposed color-histogram-based and texture-feature-based algorithms.

Dynamic modeling and performance evaluation of a 2UPR-PRU parallel kinematic machine based on screw theory

Chenyang Rao,Lingmin Xu,Qiaohong Chen,Wei Ye 대한기계학회 2021 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.35 No.6

The orientation ability and accuracy of parallel kinematic machines (PKMs) with two rotational and one translational outputs (2R1T) can be improved with the mechanical structures of 2R1T PKMs with limited degrees of freedom (DOF) limbs, fewer single-DOF joints, and no spherical joints. However, few existing 2R1T PKMs satisfy these conditions. This study proposes a new over-constrained 2UPR-PRU (where U, P, and R represent universal, actuated prismatic, and revolute joints, respectively) PKM with 2R1T DOFs with three limited-DOF limbs, no spherical joints, only 12 single-DOF joints, and one fixed motor. First, mobility, inverse displacement, and singularity analysis are carried out. Inverse dynamic models of the PKM are then established based on screw theory. Velocities, accelerations of limbs and moving platform, and actuation forces are derived. Simulation is carried out to verify the dynamic model, including the comparisons of actuation velocities, accelerations, and forces. Rotational and translational dynamic manipulability ellipsoid indices of the PKM in different operational heights are evaluated. The proposed PKM has good potential for machining work pieces with curved surfaces.

Prediction of Cognitive Progression in Individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment Using Radiomics as an Improvement of the ATN System: A Five-Year Follow-Up Study

Song Rao,Wu Xiaojia,Liu Huan,Guo Dajing,Tang Lin,Zhang Wei,Feng Junbang,Li Chuanming 대한영상의학회 2022 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.23 No.1

Objective: To improve the N biomarker in the amyloid/tau/neurodegeneration system by radiomics and study its value for predicting cognitive progression in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Materials and Methods: A group of 147 healthy controls (HCs) (72 male; mean age ± standard deviation, 73.7 ± 6.3 years), 197 patients with MCI (114 male; 72.2 ± 7.1 years), and 128 patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) (74 male; 73.7 ± 8.4 years) were included. Optimal A, T, and N biomarkers for discriminating HC and AD were selected using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. A radiomics model containing comprehensive information of the whole cerebral cortex and deep nuclei was established to create a new N biomarker. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers were evaluated to determine the optimal A or T biomarkers. All MCI patients were followed up until AD conversion or for at least 60 months. The predictive value of A, T, and the radiomics-based N biomarker for cognitive progression of MCI to AD were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier estimates and the log-rank test. Results: The radiomics-based N biomarker showed an ROC curve area of 0.998 for discriminating between AD and HC. CSF Aβ42 and p-tau proteins were identified as the optimal A and T biomarkers, respectively. For MCI patients on the Alzheimer’s continuum, isolated A+ was an indicator of cognitive stability, while abnormalities of T and N, separately or simultaneously, indicated a high risk of progression. For MCI patients with suspected non-Alzheimer’s disease pathophysiology, isolated T+ indicated cognitive stability, while the appearance of the radiomics-based N+ indicated a high risk of progression to AD. Conclusion: We proposed a new radiomics-based improved N biomarker that could help identify patients with MCI who are at a higher risk for cognitive progression. In addition, we clarified the value of a single A/T/N biomarker for predicting the cognitive progression of MCI.

Effects of Different Organic Materials on Fractal Features of Micro Aggregate and Available Nutrients in Chao Soil

Li Teng,Rao Wei,Wang Daichang,Liu Shiliang,Han Yanlai,Zhu Yuenji 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6