HBcrAg, Highly-Sensitive HBsAg: Useful Biomarker to Discriminate Chronic Infection and Chronic Hepatitis In Treatment Naive Patients with HBeAg Positive

( Sunghwan Yoo ),( Hye Young Chang ),( Jung Il Lee ),( Kwan Sik Lee ),( Hyun Woong Lee ) 대한간학회 2021 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2021 No.1

Performance Evaluation of Highly-Sensitive Hepatitis B Surface Antigen and Core-Related Antigen in the Clinical Practice

( Sunghwan Yoo ),( Hye Young Chang ),( Jung Il Lee ),( Kwan Sik Lee ),( Hyun Woong Lee ) 대한간학회 2021 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2021 No.1

Intra-Tumoral Lymphocyte Infiltration are Associated with a Low Risk of the Recurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

( Sunghwan Yoo ),( Jin Hong Lim ),( Hye Young Chang ),( Jung Il Lee ),( Kwan Sik Lee ),( Hyun Woong Lee ),( Ji Hae Nahm ) 대한간학회 2021 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2021 No.1

Two Years Data of Tenofovir Alafenamide versus Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate for the Treatment of Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B

( Sunghwan Yoo ),( Hyun Woong Lee ),( Seung Up Kim ),( Sora Kim ),( Hye Young Chang ),( Jung Il Lee ),( Beom Kyung Kim ),( Jun Yong Park ),( Do Young Kim ),( Kwang-hyub Han ),( Kwan Sik Lee ),( Sang H 대한간학회 2020 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2020 No.1

Aims: In 96-week results from double-blind, randomized phase III trials, Tenofovir Alafenamide (TAF) continues to be as effective as Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF) with continued improved renal and bone safety. We compared the efficacy and safety of the two drugs in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) for 2 years. Methods: A total of 890 patients with CHB treated with tenofovir alafenamide (TAF, n = 77) or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF, n = 813) in two tertiary referral centers between November 1, 2017, and December 31, 2017, were analyzed. Eligible patients were aged at least 18 years with chronic HBV infection (with serum HBV DNA concentrations of >2, 000 IU/mL), serum alanine aminotransferase concentrations of greater than 40 U/L and at no more than twenty times the upper limit of normal, and estimated glomerular filtrate rate (eGFR) of at least 50 mL/min (by the Chronic kidney disease epidemiology collaboration). To reduce selection bias and the effect of potential confounders, propensity scores were calculated by logistic regression based on age, gender, diabetes, compensated cirrhosis, and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) status, initial ALT, initial HBV DNA, total bilirubin, albumin, and platelet counts. Differences between the two groups were balanced by a 1:1 PS-matched analysis (TAF, n=77 vs. TDF, n=77). The primary efficacy endpoint was the proportion of patients who had HBV DNA less than 20 IU/mL at week 96; Serum phosphorus, eGFR, and lipid profile were assessed to evaluate the safety. Results: Baseline characteristics were not different between the two groups. Biochemical response (ALT<40 IU/L) rate in TAF and TDF group was 77.9% (60/77) vs 79.2% (61/77) at 1 year, 92.2% (71/77) vs. 89.6% (69/77) at 2 years. Virological response rates (HBV DNA <20IU/mL) was 62.3% (48/77) vs. 66.2% (51/77) at 1 year, 85.7% (66/77) vs. 84.4% (65/77) at 2 years. There were no statistical differences in biochemical and virological response rates. The mean reduction in serum HBV DNA from baseline to 1 and 2 years were similar in TAF and TDF group (-4.7 vs -5.1 and -5.2 vs -5.2 log10IU/mL, P=0.995). HBeAg seroconversion was 21.6% (8/37) vs 8.6% (3/35) at 2 years (P=0.191). A virological breakthrough was not seen in both groups. At year 2, mean change in eGFR was similar in both groups (TAF +4.7 mL/min vs TDF -1.4 mL/min; P=0·121), mean change in phosphorus was also similar in both group (TAF -0.05 mg/dL vs TDF -0.01 mg/dL; P=0·611). Conclusions: In patients with HBeAg positive and negative CHB, the efficacy and safety of TAF were similar to those of TDF at 2 years.

The Efficacy and Safety of Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in Patients with Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma

( Sunghwan Yoo ),( Eunseo Lee ),( Sukhyeon Jeong ),( In-jung Kim ),( Jung Il Lee ),( Kwan Sik Lee ),( Hyun Woong Lee ) 대한간학회 2020 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2020 No.1

Aims: Treatment responses of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unacceptably low and treatment modalities are limited. We compared the efficacy and safety of concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). Methods: In retrospective cohort study, data on 74 patients with unresectable HCC, with Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) scores of 5-8, were collected from a university hospital between January 2009 and October 2018. All patients were treated with CCRT (5-fluorouracil 500mg/㎡ via intraarterial chemoport at Day 1 to 5 and Day 20 to 25, plus radiotherapy 6,250 cGy/25 times at Day 1 to 25). Results: From 74 patients with unresectable HCC, 71.6% were classified as Child-Pugh (CP)-A, 86.4% as Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC)-C. The median overall survival (OS) and time to progression (TTP) were 13 months, and 8 months in the CCRT group. In univariate analysis, operation, ECOG, Child-Pugh score, diffuse type, main portal vein invasion, bile duct invasion, albumin, PT, HBV DNA were significant prognostic factors of OS (P=0.014, 0.005, 0.024, 0.029, 0.012, 0.008, 0.017, 0.000, 0.023), whereas operation, antiviral agent, ECOG, Child-Pugh score, age, creatinine, albumin, HBV DNA, PIVKA-II were significant prognostic factors of TTP (P=0.000, 0.008, 0.012, 0.031, 0.023, 0.023, 0.024, 0.024, 0.006). In multivariate analysis, operation, diffuse type, ECOG were significant prognostic factors of OS (P=0.028, 0.037, 0.043), whereas operation, antiviral agent, Child-Pugh score were significant prognostic factors of TTP (P=0.008, 0.044, 0.037). Major complications included hyperbilirubinemia (44.8%), ALT elevation (34.5%), ascites (13.8%), gastric ulcer (14.5%), catheter-related complications (3.4%) and radiation pneumonitis (2.3%). Conclusions: For managing unresectable HCC, CCRT may be a valuable and safe treatment modality.

HBcrAg; Useful Biomarker to Predict HBeAg Seroconversion in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients Treated with Antivirals

( Sunghwan Yoo ),( Sora Kim ),( Young Youn Cho ),( Hyung Joon Kim ),( Hyun Woong Lee ) 대한간학회 2021 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2021 No.1

「잉여인간」에서 배운다 : 1950년대 손창섭 단편소설의 정치적 무의식

유승환(Yoo, Sunghwan) 구보학회 2021 구보학보 Vol.- No.28

이 글은 1950년대 손창섭 단편소설의 가족이야기를 일종의 알레고리로 바라보며, 그 정치적 무의식을 살펴봄으로써 손창섭 문학의 정치성을 새롭게 규명하고자 한다. 그 동안 잘 알려져 있지 않았지만 손창섭 소설은 월남민, 반공포로, 부역자, 고아 등 당대 국민으로 쉽게 승인되지 못한 非국민들을 재현한다. 이때 이들이 국민국가 남한의 형성기에 가졌던 조국에 대한 열망과 그 배반의 경험은 이 시기 손창섭 소설의 정치적 무의식의 형성 배경으로 작용한다. 1950년대 손창섭 단편소설의 정치적 무의식은 기본적으로 가부장의 자리에 대한 끊임없는 요청과 그 좌절의 형식으로 볼 수 있는데, 이는 국민국가 남한의 취약성과 정당성에 대한 질문을 던지는 1950년대 남한에 대한 급진적인 정치적 비판을 담은 알레고리를 창출한다. 하지만 이 시기 손창섭 소설의 정치적 무의식은 국민국가에 긴박되어 있다는 한계점을 가지고 있으며, 이러한 한계는 이상적 가부장을 최초로 재현한 ｢잉여인간｣이 권위주의적 국민국가에 대한 승인 혹은 예고를 보여준다는 점에서 여실히 드러난다. Identifing the family romance of Son Chang-seop’s short stories in the 1950s as a kind of allegory, this article aims to newly clarify politics of Son Chang-seop’s literature by examining the political unconscious. Although not well known, Son Chang-seop’s short stories represent ‘people who are not nation’ such as refugees from North Korea, anti-communist prisoners, collaborators, and orphans. The longing for the country they had during the formation of the nation-state South Korea and the experience of betrayal act as the background of the political unconsciousness of Son Chang-seop’s short stories during this period. The political unconsciousness of Son Chang-seop’s short stories in the 1950s basically a form of constant request for the patriarchal position and its frustration. It creates an allegory of radical political criticism of South Korea in the 1950s that raises questions about the vulnerability and legitimacy of South Korea as a nation-state. However, the political unconsciousness of Son Chang-seop’s short stories during this period has a limitation that it is bound to the nation-state. This limitation is clearly shown in “Marginal Human Beings”, the first representation of the ideal patriarchy. This is because this work approved or forewarned of the authoritarian state system.

Binder-free heat dissipation films assembled with reduced graphene oxide and alumina nanoparticles for simultaneous high in-plane and cross-plane thermal conductivities

Hong, Sunghwan,Yoo, Seong Soo,Yoo, Pil J. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2019 Journal of Materials Chemistry C Vol.7 No.30

<P>Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) is an attractive material for heat dissipation films due to its high thermal conductivity. However, stacked rGO nanosheets generally suffer from low cross-plane thermal conductivity owing to inter-sheet gaps, which is an obstacle for implementing effective heat dissipation films. To resolve this issue, here, we propose multilayered films consisting of GO nanosheets and alumina nanoparticles using a spin-assisted layer-by-layer deposition method. Charged moiety-supplemented alumina nanoparticles are uniformly inserted between horizontally oriented GO nanosheets to compensate for the mitigated thermal transport encountered in GO-only stacked films. By virtue of successful electrostatic binding between GO nanosheets and functionalized alumina nanoparticles, alternately stacked films are readily grown up to ∼10 μm in thickness. After thermal reduction treatment, in particular, thermally non-conductive residual functional groups are completely removed while securing the structural intactness in layered stacking, and rGO/alumina stacked films exhibit a remarkably high in-plane thermal conductivity of 565 W m<SUP>−1</SUP> K<SUP>−1</SUP>, which is even greater than that of Cu films by a factor of 1.4. In particular, due to the formation of a well-interconnected, ladder-like architecture of alumina nanoparticles between rGO nanosheets, the assembled film exhibits a cross-plane thermal conductivity of 18.1 W m<SUP>−1</SUP> K<SUP>−1</SUP>, which outperforms rGO-stacked layers by two orders of magnitude. As a result, rGO/alumina films can show efficient heat dissipation performances by significantly reducing the maximum operating temperature of high-power light-emitting devices.</P>

국내 HVDC 해저케이블 도입 및 적용사례 소개

유승환(Sunghwan Yoo),홍승택(Seungtaek Hong),서승현(Seunghyun Seo),현기수(Kisu Hyun),이동형(Donghyung Lee) 대한전기학회 2008 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2008 No.11

본 논문에서는 앞으로 전력시장 다변화 · 다각화 추세에 맞춰 현재 진행 중인 제주-육지간 2차 직류연계 사업뿐만 아니라 다양한 직류송전의 활용에 대비하여 HVDC 해저케이블에 대한 개념 정립 및 현재 운영중인 설비와 건설예정사업에 대한 소개를 통해 이해를 돕고자 한다.

해방기 박태원 역사서사의 의미

유승환(Yoo Sunghwan) 구보학회 2012 구보학보 Vol.8 No.-

이 논문은 해방기 박태원 역사서사의 상호텍스트 전략을 살펴봄으로써 해방기 박태원 역사서사의 의미를 재검토하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 해방기 박태원 소설에 대한 기존의 연구는 박태원이 역사소설 작가로 탈바꿈하게 된 계기 혹은 박태원의 역사의식 자체의 발전 과정을 문제삼는 경우가 많다. 그러나 이러한 연구는 해방기 박태원이 매우 다양한 형태의 역사서사를 실험하면서 문학이라는 범주를 넘어 역사서술의 방법론 자체에 대한 질문을 지속적으로 던지고 있었다는 점을 간과하고 있다. 박태원의 역사서사는 일차적으로 해방이라는 새로운 정치적 상황 속에서 새롭게 대두된 출판 • 언론 운동의 분위기 속에서 이해할 수 있다. 이 시기 출판 • 언론계에서는 조선의 역사에 대한 저서, 기사들을 활발하게 생산하면서 민족적 영웅을 호출하려는 시도를 했다. 민족적 수난기에 등장한 민족 영웅을 다룬 해방기 박태원의 역사서사는 일차적으로 이러한 흐름에 합류한다. 하지만 동시에 박태원의 역사서사는 공식적인 역사서술에서 배제된 하위주체들의 발화에 대한 관심을 통해, 사료가 가진 텍스트의 권위에 대한 비판적 거리감을 보여주었다는 점에서 해방기의 일반적인 역사서사와 변별된다. 이는 다양한 상호텍스트적 전략의 활용을 통한 텍스트의 위계에 대한 전복의 시도로 나타난다. 박태원은 <춘보>에서, 금지되었기 때문에 공식적인 역사서술에서 배제된 하위 주체들의 발화에 대한 상상적 복원의 전략을, 약산과 의열단에서는 구술적 텍스트에 권위를 부여하여 이를 다른 문헌 자료와 비교하는 전략을 취하며, <홍길동전>에서는 권위적인 텍스트에 대한 비평적 논평자로서의 서술자를 등장시켜 권위적 텍스트를 비판 • 교정케 하는 전략을 취한다. 박태원은 이러한 작업을 바탕으로 <군상>에서 역사에서 배제된 다양한 하위주체들의 존재를 재현하려고 시도 한다. 이때 박태원이 취하는 상호텍스트 전략은 상이한 계열의 텍스트들을 마주치게함으로써, 각 텍스트에서 기원한 인물들이 서로 다른 텍스트의 논평자로서의 역할을 수행하게 하는 것이다. 이러한 방법을 통하여 박태원은 당대의 사회적 세태에 대한 다양한 계층의 사람들의 기록되지 않은 발화를 상상적으로 재현한다. 이러한 해방기 박태원의 역사서사는 해방이라는 새로운 정치적 가능성 속에서 한 명의 작가가 ‘문학’이라는 협소한 범주를 떠나 당대의 다양한 역사적 형식에 대한 비판적 검토를 통하여 공식적인 역사 서술 속에 배제된 다양한 발화의 양식을 포함하는 역사서사의 새로운 방법들을 모색해나가는 과정으로 이해할 수 있다. This study aims to examine intertextuallity-strategy of historical-narrative written by Park Tae-won during the liberation period. Previous studies about Park Tae-won’s novels during the liberation period had interest in reasons why he turned into writer of historical novels or in development of his historical consciousness. These studies, however, did not focused the fact that he experimented various forms of historical-narratives and raised questions about methods of historical-narrative. The social background of his historical-narrative was the demand of historical-narrative stirred by new political ambience during the liberation period. Publishers and the press of the time produced a mount of books and articles about history of Korean to summon national heroes. Historical-narratives written by Park Tae-won were different from usual historical-narratives of the time because of his interest in unspoken speeches of subalterns and his critical consciousness about authoritative texts of historical sources. Using various intertextuallity-strategies he tried to subvert hierachy of texts. His intertextuallity-strategy was to restore unspoken speeches of subaltern imaginativly in “Chun-bo”(a man named Chun-bo), to give authority to oral texts and comparing these and formal texts in “Kim Won-bong and Euiyeoldan”, and to use a critical commenter as narrator to criticize and revise authoritative text. Based on these experiments, he tried to represent beings of various sublaterns. Intertextuality-strategy of this novel was to make various characters from various texts commenters to other texts, making various affiliations of texts to be crossed. These historical-narratives of Park Tae-won show us the process that a writter overcame a limited concept of ‘Literature’ and researched new methods of historical-narrative, criticizing various forms of historical-narratives of the time and including various modes of unspoken speeches which had been excluded by formal history.