李朝小說의 烈思想 硏究 : Centered on the Choon Hyang Story 「春香傳」을 中心으로

趙成桓 群山大學校 1983 論文集 Vol.6 No.-

This paper is a study on a love story, the Choon Hyang story of the Yi-dynasty. The story which has been generally known in Korea, gives a full description of an idea on feminine virtue by Oriental ethics and has more narratives than any other old novel which has ever been. Yi-dynasty women who kept in mind the ideas of Confucius developing in the never loyal to two kings of him but to one, the Oriental idea of a virtuous woman who had to remain faithful to her husband during her lifetime , was the ideal and characteristic of the woman demanded in the Confucian society. Losing such a ethical view in modern society, the moderns not only yearn after the will and chastity of Choon Hyang but also sympathize with them. Therefore, Korean sense of value could be found in the Choon Hyang story: that is, the chastity and filial duty of the woman, the good and justice. And then the story can encourage the good home training and developing of the racial spirit for the revival of ethic. Accordingly, Chun Hyang, the heroine in the story has the great ethical justice as a virtuous woman and it is thought as if though as if she had been a actual woman, who has succeeded to the spirit of the virtuous woman. Moreover there are the grand shrine and grave of Choon Hyang, celebrating a mass for the repose of her soul at the grounds grave of Choon Hyang, celebrating a mass for the repose of her soul at the grounds of Gwanghan Ru, Namweon, and the shrine is decorated as if she had really lived in the place. The purpose of this study is highly to praise the value in the love story published in the feudal age and firmly to implant the spirit of the virtuous woman neither yielding to temptation nor for the sake of wealth or honors in future generations' minds.

1920年代 韓國 浪漫主義 文學의 特性 : 「白潮」派를 中心으로

趙成桓 군산대학교 1980 論文集 Vol.1 No.-

This essay treats with the creative writing acclivity of the Baik-Jo(白潮)coterie who had led the Korean literary world during the first half of the 1920s.The Baik-Jo, which was published as a pure literary magazine of a medium octavo size by Korea publishing company, lasted a short life of only three issues between 1922~1923. In that magazine the so-called Baik-Jo coterie expressed as frankly as possible their sentiments about the social situation of those days after the 1919 Independence Movement in a various literal genre like poet, novel, essay, etc. As it is known, the 1919 Indepeadence Movement, which marked an unprecedented epoque in the Korean national history, was our people's upraisal against the long-lasted Japanese exploitation and pressure after the imperial Japanese seizure by force of our nation's independence.This nation-wide upraisal fallen into failure, all our people, in despair and discouragement, became the sacrifices to the Japanese imperialism, and so many patriots were imprisoned, or fled the land that the tragedy of our nation seemed to be unable to stop. Under this circumstance, the Baik-Jo coterie who were gathered to meet the needs of the time, were susceptible as young men to the trend of the late 18th century Europe Romanticism, and moreover with the strong national consciousness they produced abundant of various literary works and published them in the Baik-Jo, or the Pae-Hu(廢墟)magazine, which reflected or symbolized the gloomy reality of a colony of that time through grievious lamentation, elegy or sorrowful love song. If we review the contents of the literary works in those days they reveals talc major role of the Baik-Jo coterie in the formation of Korena modern literarute.Especially along with the Pae-Hu and the Chang-Mi-Chon(薔薇村)coterie, the Baik-Jo coterie was the nucleus and efflorescence of the Korean Romanticism in the history of the trend of literature. Namely, the national consciousness intensely exprcssed in the poets or novels of the Baik-Jo coterie, which made the love of nation, though in an grievious way, the theme of their literary works, became much appreciated for its role in the formation of a trend of literature like Romanticism. But such literary characteristic reveals itself not only in the Romanticism of Baik-Jo, coterie but in the literary works of the latter part of 1920s, and continued to be the hotbeds of Naturalism and Realism in this country, also exerted its enfluence on the birth of the Anti-Conventional School of Korean literature. A careful examination of the sphere of action of the Baik-Jo coterie enables us to understand the leaping process of Korean literature to the contemporary, and their achievements in the leiterature makes us well perceive the background of Korean Romanticism in 1920s.

歌辭文學과 謫所連關

趙成桓 군산대학교 1989 論文集 Vol.16 No.-

It is quite natural that the nation should precede the political parties and the people should be prior to the king.In Confucianism the king should be for the people and he is also called the God's son because he should administer the people by the Heaven's will.But the principle was not put into practice during 500 years of Yi Dynasty, so that the noblemen who looked after only their own interests and didn't care about the nation's security and welfare caused the miserable results with the struggles between the political parties. Consequently the majority of the low class people get poorer and poorer but minority of noblemen who won the political power not only became rich but suppressed the political opponents and banished them to the isolated countries or islets. Among the victims of the four political parties in the Yi Dynasty there were many good scholars and statesmen who had produced great works of art in their lonely isolated life. In the exilic literature most works were lyric poems and Korean classical rhymed verse which had expressed loyalty and filial piety thought of Confucianism and transcendentalism of Taoism by the exiled scholars and statesmen at the isolated places. At the view point of Korean classical literature, such exilic literature left great achievements.Most exilians were once the brilliant leaders, the class of noblemen.And they all believed in Confucianism, the national religion of Yi Dynasty.They indulged in the fundamental thought that "One should first cultivate oneself, keep home, administer the nation, and then rule over the whole world." Although they were different from the opponents in the political assertion or opinion, they were similar to the main points in their literary thoughts or feelings. Except the feudalistic writers such as Heo Kyun and some pragmatists in Yi Dynasty, almost all writers in exlilc literature were same in its theme, symbol and style such as yearning for their master as subjects, escaping from reality and reciting and prasising the nature, reading day and night, meditating and writing satirical poems based on the five ethical principles. In this paper I studied chiefly on the excellent poets such as Jeong Songgang, Kim Ku.Of the poems and songs in Yi Dynasty I found out the facts that there were many good works related to the exilic literature not only in quantity but also in quality.

韓國 開化期의 新文學에 關한 硏究 : 詩歌와 小說을 中心으로

趙成桓 군산대학교 1976 論文集 Vol.9 No.2

Since the Reformation of Kabo(1894) the Western ways of civilization and custome have been introduced to Korea, so that they have brought a set of great innovation in way of life and thought to out nation. In this era, the Tonghak Civil War(1894) broke out and it caused the happening of modern scientific and pragmatic utility thought and the conciousness of the racial self-awakning. It was also an age of beginning and enlightenment which broke the age-old feudalism and promoted to entered the innovative new era. In this paper I analized the works in general and their themes and Contemporary background of the work since the Reformation of Kabo. In this Enlightenment Era, there were Changka such as Ae-kuk-ka(Song of Patriotism), Tone-sim-ka(Song of Innocence), Tok-rip-ka(Song of Independence) which printed in the Tok-rip-sin-mun(the Independence Daily Paper) and Sin-che-si(New Poetry) such as "from sea to boys" by Choi Nam Sun which was frst published in the So-Nyeon(the boys), the monthly magazine. In Novel, Kuk-cho, Lee In Jik first made public Hyeol-eu-ru in the Man-Sae-po in 1908. These works were all to express the new thought and feeling escaped from the ways of expression shown at ancient literature before 1894. Accordingly the writers of the Enlightenment Era had the strong sense of self-independence and the racial conciousness and avoided from the Chinese-styled ways of expression and the streo-typed rimed verse. They contributed to the development of Korean language by way of writing the pure Korean and prose like style. In broad sense, the literary works are the mirror of the age and environment at that time. The literature of the Enlightenment Era envolved the racial sense of resistance which the nation required at that time and promoted to bring, the modernity in breaking the traditional, chronic conventions. Poetry and novels in the Enlightenment established the base of the modern literaure by showing patriotism and independence spirit and new style, new composition and new thought. In other, words, it started to resist the formal benality of ancient literature so that we can regard it as one of the means of propagation of the Enlightenment thought. In the new novels, they dealt the thought of freedom and equality, free marriage, learning motivation, democratic view of politics, and introduction of new civilization and its criticism, self-identity and independence, whereas they were lack of emotion and feeling appealed to the individual sensitibity. They were all didactic aphorism which resulted from the sense of awakening of the national leaders based upon the racialism and patriotism, but it was different from the European racialism similar to nationalism which happened in the modern era. Out racialism was based upon the real experience and deep sense of awakening resulted from the immediate aggression and devastation of the outer enemies before accepting the modernity. In this paper I intended to study the overall works of the Enlighhtenment Era made public in the Tok-rip-sin-mun(1896), the So-nyeon(1908), the Cheong-Chun(1914), and moreover I intended to rearrange the new literature needed to research the Korean literature.

神經回路網을 利用한 765[kV] 送電線路의 單相 自動再閉路 技法에 관한 硏究

조성빈,김철환 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 2000 論文集 Vol.51 No.2

With the conventional single pole auto-reclosure(SPAR), unsuccessful reclosure using a fixed dead time in the case of the transient fault, or reclosure onto a permanent fault, may aggravate the potential damage to the system and equipment. In this respect, the research is needed to implement SPAR effectively. In this paper, we present the wavelet transform and the short-time fourier transform approachs to detection between the transient fault and the permanent fault in transmission lines. To discriminate between the transient fault and the permanent fault in transmission lines, We use Neural Networks. Neural Networks are well-suited for solving a difficult signal processing and a pattern recognition problem. This paper presents the application of artificial neural networks for electrical power systems. In this paper, detection of faults in the transmission line is performed using the voltages in the transmission lines. Test results show that Neural Networks discriminate between the transient fault and the permanent fault accurately in transmission lines.

李栗谷 文學 硏究 : Chiefly about Gosangugogga '高山九曲歌'를 中心으로

趙成桓 群山大學校 1983 論文集 Vol.5 No.-

Yi Yi, Yul-Gog, was a great scholar of the King Seon-Jo era in the middle of Yi Dynasty. Yi Yul-Gog whose mother was Sin Sa Im Dang, a literary woman was born at Gang Reung of Gang Weon Do. His feature was so fine and his talent for writings was so excellent that his parents loved him dearly and his neighbours were surprised at him. In the other hand Sa Im Dang was a virtuous model for all Korean women because she was possessed of the fundamental culture and good character which women needed to be equipped with, resulting from the strict household training. Yul-Gog, fostered under the care of this mother, understood the chinese characters at the age of three and he began to read the ancient writings with the guidance of his mother at the age of seven. When he became a great scholar later, he made a recommendation to the King that they should train a hundred thousand soldiers because he anticipated Hideyoshi's invasion of Korea. Therefore he was called the saint of the Orient and he formed Gi Ho Hag Pa with his students. Yul-Gog, who was as great as Yi Hwang in the world of Confucianism had a great effect on the later literary field. Yul-Gog wrote Gyeog Mong To Gyeol and many other writings, one of which was Gosangugogga, a Korean ode that is the object of my literary study. This ode consisting of ten stanzas was written when he lived at Go San in Hwang Hae Do after he resigned his office at the age of forty-two. Yul-Gog admired Ju Ja, a great scholar in Chinese Nam Song so much that he enjoyed reading Muyigugogga contained in Ju Ja Dae Jeon. Stimulated with Muyigugogga, Yul-Gog built a monastery in Hae Ju and he made efforts with a view to adoring Ju Ja, and to learning, and to teaching, with the result that he wrote this Gosangugogga. Accordingly Gosangugogga, which was an ode celebrating the scenic beauty of the four seasons of Go San in Hae Ju, was written in harmony with the four seasons. This ode consists of ten stanzas: the beginning stanza is an introduction, the first part is about Gwan Arm, the second part is about Hwa Arm, the third part is about Chi Byeong, the fourth part is about Song Ae, the fifty part is about Eun Byeong, the sixth part is about Jo Hyeob, the seventh part is about Pung Arm, the eighth part about Geum Tarn, and the ninth part is about Mun San. The places describing their scenic beauty precisely were named to represent their respective characteristics. Gosangugogga was so well-known that the great scholars to adore Yul-Gog translated it into many kinds of Han Si Jo which have come down through today's various books. It had a great effect on the Yi Jo literature. Finally Gosangugogga is a good literary work for the polishment of both mind and body and it is a Korean traditional literary work which bestowed a favourable instruction on learning as well. This thesis researched into the background under which Gosangugogga was produced, by means of the contrastive method to Muyigugogga. I think it enough materials for my fellow scholars of Korean literature.

韓國 古典文學의 女流作에 關한 硏究 : 許蘭雪軒과 그의 遺作을 中心으로 Chiefly on Mrs.Heo-nan-seol-heon and her Works.

趙成桓 群山敎育大學 1976 論文集 Vol.10 No.-

In this paper I intended to study the women-writers' works in classic literature of Korea. I divicled the classic period into ancient age, three Kingdom Dy-nasty, Koryo Dynasty and Yi Dynasty respectively. Mrs. Heo Nan-seol-heon(1562-1589) was an eminent figure among many women writers, though see died young at the age of 27. She was of noble birth in Yi Dynasty was not able to learn much as her brothers because of the predominance of man over woman. She learned literature for herself from the literary atmosphere of her brothers so that she could manage to understand the Chinese literature only at the age of seven and at last produced the poem such as Kwang-hanjeon-baekhong-lu sang-ryang-mun(廣寒殿白 王樓上樑文) Her works, including Chinese poem, Kyu-wan-ga(閨怨歌), Bong-seon-hwa-ga(鳳仙花 歌) were introduced to China at that time and were highly admired by the famous Chinese writers.

李朝 詩歌의 發生學的 硏究

趙成桓 群山大學校 1982 論文集 Vol.3 No.-

This paper is the study on Si-Ga literature in the age of the Yi-dynasty. I Surveyed concretely how Si-Ga literature had been Created in the Social background and the group of writers of Si-Ga had been Organized in a System of constitution. The Yi-dynasty had waged peace for a long time, but Hideyoshis Invasion of Korea, Im-Gin-Uae-Lan broke out in 1592 and the war continued for 7 years under the region of King Seon-Jo and Soon the War, Byung-Ja-Ho-Lan made us feel national disgrace. The Society though these two great wars in the Yi-dynasty got a fatal blow in the mentality as well as in the materiality and brought us a Social inconsistency of the Aristocratic class and a Self-awakening Spirit of plebeian people. Since the age of Seon-Jo Kingdom, which was a Period of the Strife among the Four Factions, an opposition party was exiled to a Secluded place or an isolated island. They Spent the rest of their lives there writing Si-Ga for controling their resentment. Si-Ga which was written in an exiled-place or in the strife among the Four Factions was called an exile-literature or literature of Four Factions. Making an analysis of these works, we can find firstly the beauty of nature. As a result of the Strife among Four Factions, the retired politicians became hermits living in the isolated islands or mountains and created Si-Ga literature based on the Self-Consolation, renunciation, satire and humour. Secondly, we can find Ga-Sa literature. On this period, the form of verse which was changed into the prose, expressed a delicate human life. Thirdly, we can find the development of positivism. They rejected idle and empty theory and pursued the practical life, scientific and truthful life. Fourthly, we can find the plebeian literature. Through the prose literature described concretely the real human life, they tried to find out unsophisticated and truthful humanity which was emerged from the world of ideality and formality.

國文學과 謫所關係

趙成桓 群山敎育大學 1974 論文集 Vol.7 No.-

It is quite natural that the nation should precede the political parties and the people should be prior to the king. In Confucianism the king should be for the people and he is also called the God's son because he should administer the people by the Heaven's will. But the principle was not put into practice during 500 years of Yi Dynasty, so that the noble men who looked after only their own interests and didn't care about the nation's security and welfare caused the miserable results with the struggles between the political parties. Consequently the majority of the low class people get poorer and poorer but minority of noblemen who won the political power not only became rich but suppressed the political opponents and banished them to the isolated countries or islets. Among the victims of the four political parties in the Yi Dynasty there were many good scholars and statesmen who had produced great works of art in their lonely isolated life. In the exilic literature most works were lyric poems and Korean classical rhymed verse which had expressed loyalth and filial piety thought of Confucianism and transcendentalism of Taoism by the exiled scholars and statesmen at the isolated places. At the view point of Korean classical literature, such exilic literature left great achievements. Most exilians were once the brilliant leaders, the class of noblemen. And they all believed in Confucianism, the national religion of Yi Dynasty. They indulged in the fundamental thought that “One should first cultivate oneself, keep home, administer the nation, and then rule over the whole world.” Although they were different from the opponents in the political assertion or opinion, they were similar to the main points in their literary thoughts of feelings. Except the feudalistic writers such as Heo Kyun and some pragmatists in Yi Dynasty, almost all writers in exilic literature were same in its theme, symbol and style such as yearning for their master as subjects, escaping from reality and reciting and praising the nature, reading day and night, meditating and writing satirical poems based on the five ethical principles. In this paper I studied chiefly on the excellent poets such as Jeong Songgang, Yun Ko-san, Kim Ku. Of the poems and songs in Yi Dynasty I found out the facts that there were many good works related to the exilic literature not only in quantity but also in quality.

水稻의 穗發芽性에 關한 硏究 (Ⅱ) 栽培時期 移動에 따른 穗發芽性

趙東三,孫錫龍,金鍾煥,尹太,朴成圭,權圭七 충북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1988 農業科學硏究 Vol.6 No.1

This study was conducted in 1987 to investigate the viviparous germination in rice. Six varieties, i. e., Daeseongbyeo, Sangpungbyeo Hwaseongbyeo, Taebagbyeo, Chilseongbyeo and Samgangbyeo were used for this experiment. Seedlings were transplanted on May 25 and dune 5 and panicles were harvested 5 times with 5 days interval beginning 25 days after heading. Panicles were incubated at normal temperature right after harvest to observe the germination. Rate of viviparous germination of Japonica type was higher than that of Indica type. The early varieties such as Daeseongbyeo, showed high viviparous germination. Rate of viviparous germination of May 25 transplanting was higher than that of June 5 transplanting. Viviparous germination rate of Japonica type appeared to be increased as the harvesting was postponed. On the other hand, Indica type didn't show viviparous germinate. Based on this study the optimum harvesting time of tested varieties appeared to be between 40 to 45 days after heading.