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Cheon, Kyeong-Jun,Cho, Seoung-Won,Jang, Won-Seok,Kim, Ju-Won,Yang, Byoung-Eun Korean Association of Maxillofacial Plastic and Re 2020 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.42 No.-
Background: Various types of miniplates have been developed and used for the reduction of facial bone fractures. We introduced Yang's Keyhole (YK) plate, and reported on its short-term stability. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term stability of the YK plate, as a follow-up study, by examining the patients who had used the YK plate among the patients with the reduction of mandible fractures and who visited for plate removal. Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 16 patients who underwent mandibular fracture fixation using a YK plate (group I) and 17 patients who underwent mandibular fracture fixation using a conventional plate (group II). Assessment was then made on malunion, occlusal stability, discomfort during the application, and clinical symptoms. Results: From January 2015 to December 2017, a total of 36 patients underwent mandibular fracture surgery using a YK plate. A total of 16 patients received plate removal. Among them, 15 were male and 1 female. The average age was 26 years. The applied surgical sites were the 12 on mandibular angle, 4 on mandibular symphysis, and 2 on subcondyle. The application period of YK plate was an average of 335 days. During the same period, 45 people underwent surgery on the conventional plate. A total of 17 patients received plate removal. Among them, 15 were male and 2 females. The average age was 36 years. The applied surgical sites were the 8 on mandibular angle, 4 on mandibular symphysis, and 2 on subcondyle. The application period of the conventional plate was an average of 349 days. No malocclusion occurred at the time of removal, and occlusion was stable. No patient complained of joint disease or discomfort. Conclusion: The YK plate system, in which the screw was first inserted and the plate was applied, for clinical convenience did not cause any particular problem and no significant difference from the conventional plate.
Seok, Han-Geul,Kim, Dong-Woo,Yang, Jeung-Gyu,Kim, Moon-Il,Park, Dae-Won American Scientific Publishers 2016 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.16 No.5
<P>The efficacy of microwave irradiation in the quaternization of amino-functionalized MIL-53 metal-organic framework (MOF) as well as the catalytic activity of the resultant MOF in the cycloaddition of carbon dioxide with epoxides under solvent-free conditions has been studied. A series of NH2-MIL-53 were synthesized and quaternized by reacting alkyl halide of various alkyl chains and anions under microwave irradiation. The post-functionalized F-MIL-53-AXs were characterized through solid-state XRD, FT-IR, XPS, and TGA. F-MIL-53-MeI prepared by microwave method showed higher AGC yield than that by the conventional heating method. F-MIL-53-AXs with iodide anion exhibited the best catalytic activity irrespective of the alkyl chain length, in agreement with the generally accepting order of nucleophilicity, Cl<Br<I. A plausible mechanism in which Lewis acidic metal center and quaternary ammonium functional group operate synergistically is proposed. The F-MIL-53-AX catalysts were found to exhibit high thermal stability and were reusable over than three times, without any significant lowering of activity.</P>
Application on the Method of Combustible Content and Lower Heating Value for SRF Residue
( Won-seok Yang ),( Ho-yeun Park ),( Young-jin Lee ),( Sun-kyoung Shin ),( Tae-wan Jeon ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2019 ISSE 초록집 Vol.2019 No.-
Article 21 of the Framework Act on Resource Circulation and Article 18, Annex 6 of the Enforcement Decree of the Act require the analysis of combustible content of mixed waste due to the difficulty of separating them, but it is currently carried out by the Loss on ignition and Total Organics-Gravimetry. In addition, Article 3 of the Enforcement Regulation of the Waste Management Act provides lower heating value as basis on energy recovery from combustible waste, but there is no analysis method in the current Waste Process Test Standard, which requires sufficient consideration for the application of mixed waste. Therefore solid recovered fuel residue of mixed waste was selected to obtain appropriate conditions for analyzing the combustible content through various factors, including the size and amount of the sample. And the results of lower heating value were compared through the constant pressure and volume equation of the domestic and international method. As a result, it was found that the size of the sample is 1mm or less, and the amount of the sample is 5g or higher, which is appropriate for the combustible content analysis. Further, it was deemed appropriate to base the calculation on the domestic analysis method since the difference between the constant pressure and volume exists within the allowable error range. This study was supported by Post-Doctoral Fellowships Program and a grant the National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER), funded by the Ministry of Environment (MOE) of the Republic Korea (NIER-2018-01-01-045)
Gasification characteristics of the residue generated from SRF facilities
( Won-seok Yang ),( Jang-soo Lee ),( Se-won Park ),( Md Tanvir Alam ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2017 한국폐기물자원순환학회 심포지움 Vol.2017 No.1
SRF facilities for domestic wastes have been nationally expanded by adopting the waste to energy policy established since 2008 in Korea. By the introduction of a SRF facility, budgets and cost of new incineration/ landfill installations and operation have been reduced. Additionally, life time of existing landfill siteswould be extended about 7 times by decreasing the amount of landfilled wastes. However many SRF facilities of domestic waste often utilized only mechanical treatment (MT) methodwithout biological treatment (BT) process by focusing on SRF production only. As a side effect, the problem of facility operationhas been occurred with 30 ~ 40 % residue, so called SRF residue, being generated out of input waste, as decreasing the separation efficiency by handling the domestic waste having higher moisture content than the operating rangedesigned. Such residues are now incinerated or landfilled.Therefore some best available technologies to treat these residues must be provided. SRF residue could be processed by using a gasification process to recover thermal energy. In this study, the efforts were made to analyze the physico-chemical characteristics of SRF residuesuch as elementary, proximate, heating value, heavy metal etc. of SRF residue. Thenthe characteristics results are compared with those of general waste. The results of syngas characteristics and gaseous pollutant analyses for gasification of SRF residue were discussed and compared with general waste gasification results as well.
Economic Operation of a Data Backup Scheme for Computer Systems under Disastrous Information Threats
Won Seok Yang,Nam K. Kim 대한산업공학회 2017 Industrial Engineeering & Management Systems Vol.16 No.3
In this paper, we deal with the economic operation of a data backup scheme for various computer systems under disastrous information threats. To this end, we introduce a queueing model that combines disasters and two-stage queues. Making use of the matrix-geometric approach, we obtain its steady-state probabilities. From these results, we compute the average total cost with a recovery cost and a backup cost taken into account. With sample numerical results, we investigate the optimal backup operation that minimizes the average total cost.