The Efficacy and Safety of 4-n-butylresorcinol 0.1% Cream for the Treatment of Melasma: A Randomized Controlled Split-face Trial

( Sun Young Huh ),( Jung Won Shin ),( Jung Im Na ),( Chang Hun Huh ),( Sang Woong Youn ),( Kyoung Chan Park ) 대한피부과학회 2010 Annals of Dermatology Vol.22 No.1

Background: Melasma is a common acquired symmetrical hypermelanosis that occurs on sun-exposed areas, and it is frequently observed among women. Various treatment modalities have been tried, but none are completely satisfactory. 4-n-butylresorcinol, which is a resorcinol derivative that has an inhibitory effect on both tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein-1, was introduced in 1995 and it has received increasing attention as a new hypopigmenting agent. However, the hypopigmenting effect of 4-n-butylresorcinol in human subjects has only been shown in a few studies. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the hypopigmenting efficacy and safety of 4-n-butylresorcinol 0.1% cream for the treatment of melasma. Methods: Twenty patients with melasma were enrolled to this randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled, split-face comparative study. The patients were instructed to apply 4-n-butylresorcinol 0.1% cream or vehicle to each side of the face twice daily for 8 weeks. Mexameter measurements were performed along with photography at baseline, 4 weeks and 8 weeks. Adverse events were observed and recorded throughout the study. Results: All the patients completed the study. Mexameter measurements demonstrated that the melanin index of the treated side showed a significant decrease when compared with that of the vehicle-treated side after 4 weeks (p=0.006) and after 8 weeks (p<0.0005). All the adverse reactions were mild and transient. Conclusion: 4-n-butylresorcinol 0.1% cream showed rapid efficacy and it was well tolerated when used for the treatment of melasma. (Ann Dermatol 22(1) 21∼25, 2010)

Coxiella burnetii에 대한 항체의 검출을 위한 Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay의 정립

이경호,박주영,박윤선,김수기,신운섭,고춘명 대한감염학회 1994 감염 Vol.26 No.4

본 연구에서는 지금까지 진단이 내려지지 않았던 C. burnetii 감염증 환자들을 보다 빠르고 간편하며 정확하면서도 대량으로 검사할 수 있는 방법으로서 C. burnetii 단백항원을 이용한 효소면역측정법을 정립하고자 하였다. 본 실험에서 정립한 효소면역측정법은 간접 방법으로서 C. burnetii phase I에 대한 IgG를 검출하기 위해 고안되었다. C. burnetii 단백질 항원의 적정 농도는 야성 대조혈청의 흡광도와 음성 대조혈청에서의 흡광도의 차이가 가장 크게 나는 농도인 1ug/ml을 적정항원농도로 결정하였으며, 검사 혈청의 적정희석 농도도 역시 양성대조항원의 OD 값과 음성대조항원에서의 OD값의 차이가 가장 크게 나면서 비교적 background activity가 적은 혈청의 희석 농도인 1:300을 적정 혈청 희석 농도로 결정하였다. 이 때 각각의 야성 혈청이 0.185의 흡광도를 가질 수 있는 가장 높은 혈청 희석 농도의 로그값과, 같은 혈청을 1:300으로 희석했을 때의 흡광도 사이에 상관계수 r값이 0.95인 직선적 관계가 성립하여, 하가지 혈청 희석 농도(1:300)에서 결정된 ELISA값이 그 혈청의 항체가를 양적으로 표시하였다. 효소면역측정법의 양성 판정 기준은, IFA에서 C. burnetii에 대한 항체가 음성으로 확인된 혈청 100개를 대상으로 ELISA를 시행하여, 이들의 흡광도의 산술평균치와 표준편차를 구한 결과, 신뢰구간 95%에서 최고치인 0.185를 ELISA 야성 판정의 기준인 cut-off value로 정하였다. 위애서 정한 기준에 의해 ELISA를 시행하엿을 때, IFA에서 양성으로 판명된 혈청 모두에서 양성으로 나타나 민감도가 매우 높은 것으로 나타났다. 다음으로 ELISA 방법의 특이도를 조사하기 위해서, IFA 검사에서 음성으로 확인된 혈청(혈청 희석 농도 1:10에서 음성)을 대상으로 ELISA를 시행한 결과, blocking agent로서 1% BSA를 사용했을 때는 9.3%, 5% NGS는 11.3%, 그리고 blocking을 전혀 하지 않았을 때는 15.3%의 위양성율을 나타내어, BSA와 NGS 상이에는 통계학적으로 차이가 없었으나, blocking을 하지 않는 것 보다는 하는 것이 위양성율이 적은 것으로 나타났다. 그러나, 이것은 어디까지나 IFA기준이며, 절대적인 의미에서의 위양성율을 의미하는 것은 아니다. 결론적으로 본 연구에서 정립한 효소면역측정법은 매우 높은 민감도를 갖고 있으므로 Q fever가 의심되는 환자를 screening하기 위한 적절한 방법으로 사료된다. Currently, the indirect immunofluorescence assay(IFA) is used for detecting antibodies to Coxiella burnetii. Although reliable, this method is time-consuming, and the results are subject to interpretation. To develop an alternative test, we used an enzyme-linked immunosorbent asssy (ELISA) because it was faster, less complicated, and more objective than the IFA. The ELISA, unlike the IFA, can also be automated. In this study an indirect ELISA using C. burnetii protein antigens was developed to detect immunoglobulin G to C. burnetii phase I. A linear relation was found between the logarithms of absorbance values of sera at a dilution of 1/300 and the titres as determined by an end point dilution ELISA. The finding of linear relation (r=0.95) confirmed that an ELISA value determined with a single serum dilution (1:300) can be interpreted quantitatively as the titer of antibody in that serum. A serum dilution of 1:300 was used in all subsequent tests because at this dilution the difference between absorbance values for positive and negative sera was greatest: a serum sample was regarded as positive if the OD? value was ≥0.185 (absorbance threshold) at this dilution. The results obtained by the ELISA were compared with those by the IFA established already. The results indicate that the assay provides a sensitive, alternative method for diagnosing Q fever, but it needs reevaluation for the specificity because of its high false-positive rates.

캔디다균이 분비하는 단백질 분해효소의 순수 분리와 특성 및 교차 항원성

이경호,신운섭,박주영,김수기,박윤선,고춘명 연세대학교 원주의과대학 1995 원주의대논문집 Vol.8 No.1

ABAQUS를 이용한 휨벽체의 비선형 유한요소 해석기법

한민기,박완신,한병찬,황선경,최창식,윤현도 대한건축학회 2004 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.24 No.1(구조계)

The finite element method(FEM) models were developed for the reinforced concrete flexural walls and analysed under constant axial and monotonic lateral load using ABAQUS. The major objective of the present study is to determine if the ABAQUS finite element program can be used to accurately model the post-cracked mode of failure in plastic regions of walls, and, if so, to develop practical failure criteria in the plastic range of the material response. The research comprises constitutive models to represent behavior of the materials that compose a wall on the basis of experimental data, development of techniques that are appropriate for analysis of reinforced concrete structures, verification, and calibration of the global model for reinforced concrete walls of increasing complexity. The proposed FEA technique is verified by Lefas's benchmark data. Results from the analyses of these FEM models offers significant insight into the flexural behavior of benchmark data.

넙치 및 조피볼락용 습사료의 보관조건에 따른 안정성 평가

안창범,주용석,정관식,서경란,신태선 여수대학교 1998 論文集 Vol.13 No.2

본 실험은 습사료를 대상으로 보관조건(온도별, 시간별)에 따른 지질의 산화진행 정도를 파악하여 사료의 효율적인 이용성을 구명하고자 산가(acid value, AV), 과산화물가(peroxide avlue, POV) 및 비타민 함량을 분석하였다. 생사료와 분말배합사료를 혼합하여 제조한 습사료는 혼합비가 8:2 사료에서 5:5 사료보다 높은 AV와POV를 나타내었고, 보관기간이 경과함에 따라 보관조건과는 상관없이 8:2 사료에서 빠른 산패를 보였다. 산화진행속도는 4℃ 보관조건하에서는 48시간째, -15℃ 보관조건하에서는 72시간째에서 빠르게 일어났다. 60,000 Lux이상의 직사광선 노출하에서의 AV,POV는 노출시간이 길어질수록 증가하였고, 8:2사료에서 빠르게 변화하였다. This experiment was conducted to investigate rancidity in moist pellet(MP) during various practical condition of handling and storage conditions. The experimental moist pellet diets were prepared by mixing frozen raw fish (FRF) and commercial compound meal (CCM) in ratio of 8:2 and 5:5, respectively. Immediately before and after manufacturing of MP, the MPs were stored at 4℃ and -15℃, and exposed under the sunlight(30±2℃, 60000Lux). The rancidity of each MP was determined from 1 to 96 hours after pellting. The acid value (AV) and peroxide value (POV) in the diets stored at 4 and -15℃ increased rapidly after 48 and 72 hours, respectively. For the sample exposed sunlight, AV and POV were slightly increased with the exposed time. The rancidity increased in the 8:2MP(FRF : CCM) than in the 5:5MP(ERF : CCM) at all storage condition and the amount of vitamin E in MPs decreased rapidly as AV and POV increased.

Phylogeny of the Genus Goodyera(Orchidaceae; Cranichideae) in Korea Based on Nuclear Ribosomal DNA ITS Region Sequences

Shin, Kee-Sun,Shin, Yong Kook,Kim, Joo-Hwan,Tae, Kyoung-Hwan 한국식물학회 2002 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.45 No.3

We sequenced the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions to determined the phylogenetic relationships of the several Goodyera species in Korea and to measure the extent of their differentiation region. ITS 1 was 238 to 239 bp long while ITS 2 was 258 to 259 bp. The 5.8S coding region was 156 bp long. Sequence divergences among species, calculated by Kimura's two- parameter method, ranged from 0.0 to 5.4%. The most parsimonious tree, with a consistency index of 0.935 and a retention index of 0.937, was produced with 337 steps. Our ITS sequence results demonstrate the monophyly of Korean Goodyera and support previous morphological, geographical, and RAPD data analyses.

Comprehensive E-waste Management in Korea: Environmental and Health Approaches

( Sun-kyoung Shin ),( Jung-keun Oh ),( Nam-il Um ),( Ki-heon Kim ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2019 ISSE 초록집 Vol.2019 No.-

Postconsumer electrical and electronic equipment is commonly collected and recycled to recover valuable materials (non-ferrous metals, precious metals, etc.). More than 1.8 million tons is collected by the Korea Electronics Recycling Cooperative in 2018, and 30,084 tons of electronic waste (e-waste) is imported in 2016 to extract various valuable metals such as copper, silver, and gold. However, inappropriate recycling/disposal processes including the illegal import/export e-waste could have harmful effects on the environment and public health because of the hazardous materials (heavy metals, brominated flame retardants, etc.) inside them. Besides, the plastic dust arises from the process of shredding waste of electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE), which could be a source of microplastic release into the river (Sundt et al., 2014). In this sense, it would be necessary to understand the current situation regarding the domestic recycling system and management of e-waste and the updated international regulations under the Basel Convention on transboundary movement of hazardous wastes. In this study, the current management system and the impacts on environment and public health from the recycling process of ewaste in domestic/foreign countries was investigated to establish advanced policies and directive on e-waste. Also, the current Basel Convention issue on e-waste (especially about the distinction between waste and non-waste) was reviewed to cope with the international situation.

Development of Transgenic Peppers Using tflA

Sun Hee Shin,Min Jung,Ji Hee Lee,Joung Mi Park,Soo Kyoung Kim,Chee Hark Harn,In Gyu Hwang,Jae Sun Moon 한국원예학회 2008 한국원예학회 기타간행물 Vol.- No.-

Hepatic Toxocariasis with Atypical CT and MR Imaging Findings: a Case Report

Shin, Hye Soo,Shin, Kyung Sook,Lee, Jeong Eun,Min, Ji Hye,You, Sun Kyoung,Shin, Byung Seok Korean Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 2018 Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging Vol.22 No.2

Hepatic toxocariasis is a type of visceral larva migrans caused by the migration of second-stage larvae of certain nematodes such as Toxocara canis to the liver. Histologically, the condition is characterized by granulomatous lesions containing eosinophils and inflammatory cells. We report a case of hepatic toxocariasis with atypical clinical and radiologic findings presenting as distinct, solitary hepatic nodule detected in a middle-aged woman.

Oxygen Transfer in Pressurized Batch Fermentor

Shin, Sun Kyoung,Kim, Kyeo Keun,Kim, Kwangyul 한국공업화학회 1995 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.1 No.1

The pressurized batch fermentor represents an increasing oxygen mass transfer. This method is particularly effective to the cell culture when stirring or vigorous aeration caused the problems such as foaming of the growth medium and increasing cell death rate due to damaged cells. Experiments were conducted in an ideal fermentor by sparging mixed gas into a sulfite solution. The volumetric oxygen mass transfer coefficient in the 0.4∼0.8M solution of sodium sulfite was measured in a 3.81iter agitated and pressurized bioreactor with various working solutions in the presence of CoSO₄ catalyst. The concentrations of the cobalt sulfate catalyst were 1.0 ×10^(-3) and 2.0 ×10^(-3) M, and oxygen concentrations were also varied as 2, 6.8 and 21%. The oxygen transfer coefficient, kla, was found to increase with mixing speed, pressure and temperature.