Research on the Performance of Protocols and the Evaluation Metric for VIDEO Transmissions in an Ad Hoc Network

( Ruey Shin Chen ),( Louis R. Chao ),( Ching Piao Chen ),( Chih Hung Tsai ) 한국품질경영학회 2009 The Asian Journal on Quality Vol.10 No.1

Research on the Performance of Protocols and the Evaluation Metric for VIDEO Transmissions in an Ad Hoc Network

Chen, Ruey-Shin,Chao, Louis R.,Chen, Ching-Piao,Tsai, Chih-Hung The Korean Society for Quality Management 2009 The Asian Journal on Quality Vol.10 No.1

Video transmission effectiveness in the Ad Hoc network is becoming important recently, if different routing protocols are applied. Some researchers conclude that the reactive protocols are better for file transfer protocol (FTP) and constant bit rate (CBR) or hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) transmission in an Ad Hoc wireless network but the performance report of video transmission is not much. This study adopts Qualnet (Network Simulator) as a simulation tool for environmental designing and performance testing, and employs an experimental design with eight groups. Our experiment shows that: (1) The performance of AODV (reactive) protocol is better than DSDV, ZRP and DSR when the transmission load has only one video stream; (2) Proactive (DSDV) and Hybrid protocols (ZRP) are better for a smaller Ad Hoc network when it transmits a video stream with some applications (VoIP, FTP and CBR). We conclude that packet loss rate is sensitive to the quality of video transmission and it has negative relationship with Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) value. In addition, our experiment also shows that PSNR is a simple Metric for the performance evaluation of video transmission.

The adaptive computer-aided diagnosis system based on tumor sizes for the classification of breast tumors detected at screening ultrasound

Moon, Woo Kyung,Chen, I-Ling,Chang, Jung Min,Shin, Sung Ui,Lo, Chung-Ming,Chang, Ruey-Feng Elsevier 2017 Ultrasonics Vol.76 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Screening ultrasound (US) is increasingly used as a supplement to mammography in women with dense breasts, and more than 80% of cancers detected by US alone are 1cm or smaller. An adaptive computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system based on tumor size was proposed to classify breast tumors detected at screening US images using quantitative morphological and textural features. In the present study, a database containing 156 tumors (78 benign and 78 malignant) was separated into two subsets of different tumor sizes ( < 1cm and ⩾ 1cm) to explore the improvement in the performance of the CAD system. After adaptation, the accuracies, sensitivities, specificities and <I>Az</I> values of the CAD for the entire database increased from 73.1% (114/156), 73.1% (57/78), 73.1% (57/78), and 0.790 to 81.4% (127/156), 83.3% (65/78), 79.5% (62/78), and 0.852, respectively. In the data subset of tumors larger than 1cm, the performance improved from 66.2% (51/77), 68.3% (28/41), 63.9% (23/36), and 0.703 to 81.8% (63/77), 85.4% (35/41), 77.8% (28/36), and 0.855, respectively. The proposed CAD system can be helpful to classify breast tumors detected at screening US.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> An adaptive filtering is introduced into a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system to highlight the characteristic of breast tumors detected in screening ultrasound (US). </LI> <LI> The adaptive filtering enhances the CAD system to emphasize the meaningfulness of tumor size, allows a new regularization technique to be embedded, and increasing the classification accuracy. </LI> <LI> For the classification between malignant and benign tumors with two kinds of tumor size ( < 1cm and ⩾ 1cm), especially in the tumors larger or equal to 1cm, the proposed CAD was more robust than conventional CAD. </LI> <LI> The CAD system using various quantitative US features would provide a promising diagnostic suggestion for classifying the breast tumors detected at screening US images. </LI> </UL> </P>

Computer-aided prediction model for axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer using tumor morphological and textural features on ultrasound

Moon, Woo Kyung,Chen, I-Ling,Yi, Ann,Bae, Min Sun,Shin, Sung Ui,Chang, Ruey-Feng Elsevier 2018 COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE Vol.162 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Background and objectives</B></P> <P>Axillary lymph node (ALN) status is a key indicator in assessing and determining the treatment strategy for patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer. Previous studies suggest that sonographic features of a primary tumor have the potential to predict ALN status in the preoperative staging of breast cancer. In this study, a computer-aided prediction (CAP) model as well as the tumor features for ALN metastasis in breast cancers were developed using breast ultrasound (US) images.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>A total of 249 malignant tumors were acquired from 247 female patients (ages 20–84 years; mean 55 ± 11 years) to test the differences between the non-metastatic (130) and metastatic (119) groups based on various features. After applying semi-automatic tumor segmentation, 69 quantitative features were extracted. The features included morphology and texture of tumors inside a ROI of breast US image. By the backward feature selection and linear logistic regression, the prediction model was constructed and established to estimate the likelihood of ALN metastasis for each sample collected.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>In the experiments, the texture features showed higher performance for predicting ALN metastasis compared to morphology (<I>Az</I>, 0.730 vs 0.667). The difference, however, was not statistically significant (<I>p</I>-values > 0.05). Combining the textural and morphological features, the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and <I>Az</I> value achieved 75.1% (187/249), 79.0% (94/119), 71.5% (93/130), and 0.757, respectively.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>The proposed CAP model, which combines textural and morphological features of primary tumor, may be a useful method to determine the ALN status in patients with breast cancer.</P> <P><B>Highlights </B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A computer-aided prediction (CAP) system contained automatic tumor segmentation and feature quantification on breast ultrasound was developed to evaluate the axillary lymph node (ALN) status in the preoperative staging with breast cancer. </LI> <LI> The proposed CAP model based on morphological and textural features of primary tumor would provide a promising diagnostic suggestion for recognizing the breast cancers as a case of ALN metastasis. </LI> <LI> In view of there has been a decrease in the patients presented with palpable ALN at diagnosis of breast cancer, a non-invasive examination like our CAP model may help physicians in the choice of the optimal axillary approach. </LI> </UL> </P>

Hydrothermal synthesis of cobalt germanium oxide supported with carbon-based graphitic carbon nitride for electrochemical determination of ornidazole

Jaysiva Ganesamurthi,Xiang-Ren Chen,Ruey-Shin Juang,Siang-Yu Wei,Da-Yuan Lin 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.127 No.-

In recent decades, nitroimidazole derivatives have played an effectual role against bacterial and protozoaninfections that can be used as anti-cancer and antibiotic drugs. Ornidazole (ORD) consists of a major5-imidazole nucleus which complements to first nitro groups, ORD invades into lipid tissue and othernitroimidazole derivatives. The periodic intake of ORD orally causes side effects of headache, nausea,vomiting, and breathing difficulties such effects need potential monitoring and develop essential electrochemicalsensing toward ORD. In this study, we developed a ternary cobalt germanium oxide (Co2GeO4)nanoparticle prepared by a facile hydrothermal method and followed by calcination. The carbon-basedgraphitic carbon nitride (GCN, g-C3N4) nanosheets were therefore supported for electrochemical sensingapplications in order to improve the features like the catalytic activity, electrical conductivity, and activesurface area of Co2GeO4 composites. The structural, chemical composition, and morphological propertiesof samples were characterized. Subsequently, the fabrication of cobalt germanium oxide with graphiticcarbon nitride (Co2GeO4/GCN) was modified over a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) towards electrochemicaldetection of ORD. Electrochemical measurements were recorded by cyclic voltammetry (CV)and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) for the determination of ORD. The Co2GeO4/GCN nanocompositeexhibits a wide linear range response of 0.049–94.9 lM in DPV with a nanomolar limit of detection of7.2 nM of ORD and a high sensitivity of 2.66 lA lM1 cm2. An interference study was carried out for theCo2GeO4/GCN nanocomposite in the existence of hazardous metals, biological compounds, and similardrugs for examining the selectivity of the sensor. The proposed Co2GeO4/GCN nanocomposite revealssuperior sensing selectivity towards ORD; hence, repeatability, reproducibility, and storage stability wererecorded in their RSD and found to be less than 0.4%, adding to this practical feasibility of the sensor analyzedby real samples of blood serum & human urine with exceptional recovery percentages.

Preparation of polyaminated Fe3O4@chitosan core-shell magnetic nanoparticles for efficient adsorption of phosphate in aqueous solutions

Chun-Chieh Fu,Hai Nguyen Tran,Xing-Han Chen,Ruey-Shin Juang 한국공업화학회 2020 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.83 No.-

In this study, novel polyethylenimine (PEI)-grafted chitosan (CS) core-shell (called as Fe3O4/CS/PEI)magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized and applied for adsorbing phosphate in water. The magneticand physicochemical properties of as-synthesized nanoparticles werefirst analyzed by means of asuperconducting quantum interference device, X-ray diffractometer, X-ray photoelectron spectroscope,Fourier-transform infrared spectroscope, transmission electron microscope, zeta potential analyzer, andnitrogen sorptiometer. The followed experiments indicated that the amount of phosphate adsorbedincreased with increasing equilibrium pH to near 4.0 and then decreased when the pH was furtherincreased. The adsorption isotherms of phosphate on Fe3O4/CS/PEI particles were wellfit by the Langmuirequation, and its maximum adsorption was 48.2 mg g 1 at an equilibrium pH of 3.0 and 25 C. Theprimary mechanism for phosphate adsorption on Fe3O4/CS/PEI particles was electrostatic attraction. Thepreferential adsorption of phosphate in the presence of other excess anions including chloride, nitrate,carbonate, and sulfate was presented. Under the conditions studied, more than 90% of phosphate wasdesorbed from the laden Fe3O4/CS/PEI particles by 0.05 mol L 1 of NaOH solution. The remainedadsorption efficiency obtained in thefive-cycle reusability tests has demonstrated the promisingapplication potential of Fe3O4/CS/PEI particles.