TRANSCENDENT VALUES OF UNIVERSAL HUMAN RIGHTS

( Nghia Van Hoang ) 고려대학교 법학연구원 2015 Korea University Law Review Vol.18 No.-

What are universal human rights? Why has the universality of human rights been challenged by all forms of particularity and relativism, especially cultural relativism and Asian values for over the last twenty years? Do non-Western cultures, such as Oriental, Latin American and African ones, accept or reject universal human rights enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights? Those questions need to be addressed thoroughly from both theoretical and practical perspectives. Thus, the ultimate goal of this paper is to explore the sustainable and solid values of universal human rights in the UDHR as not only a highest aspiration, but also a common heritage of their cultures, religions, and traditions of thoughts. By utilizing literature review, legal and comparative methods, the paper points out that as a global language of our world of diverse cultures and ideologies, the universal human rights are the foundation of peace, security, tolerance, and human development. At the same time, the paper urges that all forms of claiming the so-called cultural relativism, such as Asian-values model, could undermine and challenge the legitimacy of universal human rights in non-Western societies including Asian nations. The paper is to revisit the appreciation of universal human rights embraced from the human beings’ transcendent values, such as dignity, tolerance, humanity, and freedoms that are embedded in all cultures.

<i>In situ</i> growth of flower-like V₂O₅ arrays on graphene@nickel foam as high-performance electrode for supercapacitors

Van Hoa, Nguyen,Quyen, Tran Thi Hoang,Nghia, Nguyen Huu,Van Hieu, Nguyen,Shim, Jae-Jin Elsevier 2017 Journal of alloys and compounds Vol.702 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Hierarchical flower-like V<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB> growth on graphene and nickel foam electrodes was fabricated by using chemical vapor deposition and hydrothermal methods for electrochemical capacitors. Taking advantages of the high conductivity of graphene, high capacitance of well-defined V<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB> flower-like structure and open framework of three-dimensional nickel foam, the resulting electrodes exhibited rapid electron and ion transport, large electroactive surface area, and excellent structural stability. The specific capacitance was as high as 1235 F g<SUP>−1</SUP> at a current density of 2 A g<SUP>-1</SUP>, suggesting its potential as a high performance electrode for supercapacitors.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Hierarchical flower-like V2O5/graphene/nickel foam electrodes was fabricated. </LI> <LI> The electrodes exhibited rapid electron and ion transport, large electroactive surface area. </LI> <LI> The specific capacitance was as high as 1235 A g−1 at a current density of 2 A g−1. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Applications of Magnetite Nanoparticles for Water Treatment and for DNA and Cell Separation

Nguyen Hoang Hai,Nguyen Chau,Nguyen Hoang Luong,Nguyen Thi Van Anh,Phan Tuan Nghia 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.53 No.3

Magnetic nanoparticles with a diameter of 15 nm prepared by using the coprecipitation method have been applied to enforce the sedimentation of the solid waste, to adsorb the arsenic ions in water, to increase the DNA concentration by using a magnetic eld for the electrochemical DNA sensor and to separate the helper CD4+ T cells to determine the number of the cells in blood. A combination of magnetic nanoparticles and alum makes the solid waste in water under a magnetic field aggregate a dozen times faster than under the gravity alone. A concentration of 0.1 mg/l of arsenic in water was reduced to a value lower than the permissible concentration of 0.01 mg/l after few minutes of stirring. The particles functionalized with 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane were used to enrich the DNA of the Herpes virus, which extended the sensitivity of an electrochemical sensor down to a concentration lower than nM/l. The particles coated with fluorescent-labeled antiCD4 antibody were used to count the helper CD4+ T cells. The fluorescence signals of the particle/cell system were two times stronger than those of the uorescence antiCD4 cell system. This can be used for the treatment of an HIV-infected patient with a simple fluorescent microscope. Magnetic nanoparticles with a diameter of 15 nm prepared by using the coprecipitation method have been applied to enforce the sedimentation of the solid waste, to adsorb the arsenic ions in water, to increase the DNA concentration by using a magnetic eld for the electrochemical DNA sensor and to separate the helper CD4+ T cells to determine the number of the cells in blood. A combination of magnetic nanoparticles and alum makes the solid waste in water under a magnetic field aggregate a dozen times faster than under the gravity alone. A concentration of 0.1 mg/l of arsenic in water was reduced to a value lower than the permissible concentration of 0.01 mg/l after few minutes of stirring. The particles functionalized with 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane were used to enrich the DNA of the Herpes virus, which extended the sensitivity of an electrochemical sensor down to a concentration lower than nM/l. The particles coated with fluorescent-labeled antiCD4 antibody were used to count the helper CD4+ T cells. The fluorescence signals of the particle/cell system were two times stronger than those of the uorescence antiCD4 cell system. This can be used for the treatment of an HIV-infected patient with a simple fluorescent microscope.

Genetic diversity of spotted scat (Scatophagus argus) in Vietnam based on COI genes

Huy Van Nguyen,Minh Tu Nguyen,Nghia Duc Vo,Nguyen Thi Thao Phan,Quang Tan Hoang 한국수산과학회 2022 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.25 No.12

A spotted scat, Scatophagus argus, has a high nutritional value and is among Asia’s most widely consumed fish species. Thua Thien Hue’s consumption market considers this species to be of high economic value and requires protection and conservation of the population. However, the studies on the identification and genetic diversity of S. argus distributed in Vietnam are still lacking. Therefore, mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene was utilized to distinguish different populations and investigate the genetic diversity of two populations of S. argus from Tam Giang lagoon, Thua Thien Hue province (n = 31) and Ca Mau province (n = 14). The sequencing results indicated 13 distinct haplotypes among 45 sequences. Five single nucleotide polymorphisms were observed to distinguish Hue spotted scat population. The S. argus population in Ca Mau province was higher haplotype diversity (Hd) and nucleotide diversity (π) than those of Thua Thien Hue province, which demonstrates that there are minor differences between haplotypes. There were genetic distances ranging from 0%–4% within the populations and 6.67% between the two populations. In addition to the sequencing, the comparison of morphology, biology, culture, and the growth rate was sufficient to distinguish the spotted scat S. argus in Thua Thien Hue from Ca Mau.

Effect of Genotype and Dietary Protein Level on Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Fattening Pigs in Central Vietnam

Pham, Khanh Tu,Hoang, Nghia Duyet,Le Duc, Ngoan,Hendriks, W.H.,Van Der Peet-Schwering, C.M.C.,Verstegen, M.W.A. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2010 Animal Bioscience Vol.23 No.8

This study aimed to determine the optimum dietary crude protein level in a typical diet for fattening pigs fed ad libitum under normal climate conditions in Central Vietnam. One hundred and ninety two gilts of Mong Cai local breed (MC), $F_1$ Large White${\times}$Mong Cai and $F_2$ crossbreds of (Landrace${\times}$Mong Cai)${\times}$Large White were used. At the start of the experiment, Mong Cai pigs weighed 12 kg at 11 weeks of age, $F_1$ pigs 12.1 kg at 8 weeks of age and $F_2$ pigs 12.2 kg at 8 weeks of age. Four diets differing in crude protein (CP) content (10.1, 13.1, 16.1 and 18.9% in DM) were formulated from rice bran, corn meal, cassava meal and fish meal. Calculated digestible energy content of the diets ranged from 13.5 to 13.8 MJ per kg DM. Pigs were housed individually in pens of $2.5\;m^2$ each and had ad libitum access to feed in a trough as well as water in bowls. The final weights after a growing period of 150 days were 66, 86 and 96 kg for MC, $F_1$ and $F_2$, respectively. Feed intake of MC pigs was highest at 13.1% CP while $F_1$ and $F_2$ had the highest feed intake at 16.1% CP. The results showed that for MC the maximum gain was obtained at levels between 13 to 16% CP. For the $F_1$ the maximum gain was at dietary protein levels of 16-17%. For $F_2$ the max gain was obtained at CP levels of 16 to 18%. Feed conversion was highest in MC pigs (~4.0) followed by $F_1$ (~3.3) and $F_2$ (~3.1), and within genotypes was lowest at the optimum CP level (p<0.05). Back fat thickness in MC (33.1 mm), $F_1$ (23.0 mm) and $F_2$ (20.5 mm) pigs was different and within genotypes was the lowest at intermediate CP levels. In conclusion, increasing the dietary crude protein contents in practical diets for pigs in Vietnam can increase production on small holder farms. Optimal performance for MC, $F_1$ and $F_2$ pigs is achieved at different dietary crude protein contents.