Inter-clustering Cooperative Relay Selection Schemes for 5G Device-to-device Communication Networks

Nasaruddin Nasaruddin,Yunida Yunida,Ramzi Adriman 한국정보통신학회 2022 Journal of information and communication convergen Vol.20 No.3

The ongoing adoption of 5G will increase the data traffic, throughput, multimedia services, and power consumption for future wireless applications and services, including sensor and mobile networks. Multipath fading on wireless channels also reduces the system performance and increases energy consumption. To address these issues, device-to-device (D2D) and cooperative communications have been proposed. In this study, we propose two inter-clustering models using the relay selection method to improve system performance and increase energy efficiency in cooperative D2D networks. We develop two inter-clustering models and present their respective algorithms. Subsequently, we run a computer simulation to evaluate each model’s outage probability (OP) performance, throughput, and energy efficiency. The simulation results show that inter-clustering model II has the lowest OP, highest throughput, and highest energy efficiency compared with inter-clustering model I and the conventional inter-clustering-based multirelay method. These results demonstrate that inter-clustering model II is well-suited for use in 5G overlay D2D and cellular communications.

Endophytic Association of Trichoderma asperellum within Theobroma cacao Suppresses Vascular Streak Dieback Incidence and Promotes Side Graft Growth

( Ade Rosmana ),( Nasaruddin Nasaruddin ),( Hendarto Hendarto ),( Andi Akbar Hakkar ),( Nursalim Agriansyah ) 한국균학회 2016 Mycobiology Vol.44 No.3

Trichoderma species are able to persist on living sapwood and leaves of cacao (Theobroma cacao) in an endophytic relationship. In this research, we evaluated the ability of Trichodema asperellum introduced at the incision site in the bark for side grafting with the concentration of 4 g/10 mL, 4 g/100 mL, and 4 g/1,000 mL (suspended in water) in suppressing vascular streak dieback (VSD) incidence and promoting growth of side grafts in the field. The incidence of VSD in two local clones of cacao, MCC1 and M04, without application of T. asperellum was 71.2% and 70.1% at 21 wk after grafting, respectively. However, when the two clones were treated with a concentration of 4 g/10 mL T. asperellum, the incidence was 20.6% and 21.7%, respectively, compared to 29.1% and 20.9% at 4 g/100 mL and 18.2% and 15.6% at 4 g/1,000 mL. By comparing to the control, the treatment with the same concentrations of T. asperellum listed above, the total number of stomata in MCC1 decreased by 41.9%, 30.2%, and 14.0% and in M04 by 30.5%, 21.9%, and .2.5% (exception), respectively. Otherwise, the total area of stomata opening increased by 91.4%, 99.7%, and 28.6% in MCC1 and by 203.8%, 253.5%, and 35.9% in M04, respectively. Furthermore, the number of buds and branches treated with a mixture concentration on the the two clones increased by 90.7% and 21.7%, respectively. These data showed that the application of T. asperellum to cacao scions while grafting can decrease VSD incidence in side grafts and increase growth of grafts in addition to decreasing total number of stomata, increasing total area of opened stomata, and increasing number of buds and branches.

Genetic Parameters and Multivariate Analysis to Determine Secondary Traits in Selecting Wheat Mutant Adaptive on Tropical Lowlands

Muh Farid,Nasaruddin Nasaruddin,Yunus Musa,Muhammad Fuad Anshori,Ifayanti Ridwan,Jekvy Hendra,Gatot Subroto 한국육종학회 2020 Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Vol.8 No.4

One of approaches to maintain the yield stability of the lowland tropical wheat is the use of secondary traits in theselection process. The identification of these characters requires a statistical approach in the form of genetic parameter analysis andmultivariate analysis. The objective of this study was to determine the secondary traits of adaptive wheat mutants in the lowlandsthrough the use of genetic parameters and multivariate analysis on the parameters. The study consisted of three field trials conducted inthree different regencies, namely Jeneponto (135 m above sea level (asl)), Maros (100 m asl) and Bantaeng (125 m asl). The study useda nested design, where replications were nested in the environments. The genotype factors consisted of 20 genotypes repeated threetimes. 11 characters were observed including vegetative and reproductive characters. The analysis used consisted of repeatability,correlation, cluster analysis, principal component analysis, factor analysis, and cross print analysis. The overall results of the analysisindicate that the number of productive tillers is the main secondary trait for the selection of adaptive wheat in the lowlands. Thecharacter can be recommended for selection criteria in testing wheat lines in the lowlands to make an effective selection.

Image Based-Phenotyping and Selection Index Based on Multivariate Analysis for Rice Hydroponic Screening under Drought Stress

( Adinda Asri Laraswati ),( Rusnadi Padjung ),( Muh Farid ),( Nasaruddin Nasaruddin ),( Muhammad Fuad Anshori ),( Amin Nur ),( Andi Isti Sakinah ) 한국육종학회 2021 Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Vol.9 No.4

The development of rice varieties that are tolerant of drought stress needs to be detected with Image-based phenotyping. This Image-based phenotyping method in combination with selection index and multivariate analysis can characterize the morphological response easily within a short time, which makes it is suitable for rice screening under drought stress. Therefore, this study aims to determine the selection index based on multivariate analysis and assess the effectiveness of using image-based phenotyping in drought rice screening. This study was conducted in two stages, the first was in static hydroponic and the second was in dynamic hydroponic. In static hydroponic, a split-plot design was used, where the levels of drought were the main plots and varieties were the subplots. However, in dynamic hydroponic, a nested design was used, where the replicates were nested in the drought level treatments. Also, The drought level factors used were PEG 0%, PEG 10%, and PEG 20%, and the variety factor consisted of 5 varieties which were repeated three times. The results showed that the selection index for static hydroponic consisted of shoot area (0.421), green shoot area (0.4177), and the area growth rate (0.4192). Meanwhile, the selection index in dynamic hydroponics consisted of object extent Y from the side (0.4516) and convex hull from the side (0.4177). The regression of the two-selection index has a good determination of 0.84. Hence, these results showed that rice screening based on image-based phenotyping can be recommended for rapid screening under drought stress.

Successful Treatment of Excessive Dynamic Airway Collapse with Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation - A Case Report

( Khai Lip Ng ),( Nai Chien Huan ),( Mona Zaria Nasaruddin ),( Noorul Afidza Muhammad ),( Ummi Nadira Daut ),( Jamalul Azizi Abdul Rahaman ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2021 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.129 No.-

Introduction Excessive central airway collapse (ECAC) can present as unexplained dyspnea, wheezing or stridor. ECAC can easily be misdiagnosed as bronchial asthma, COPD and heart failure. ECAC can occur as a result of tracheobronchomalacia or excessive dynamic airway collapse (EDAC).There are various Methods of diagnosis and treatment of ECAC but it has to be tailored according patient’s circumstances. Case Report We present a 75-year-old lady with multiple comorbidities including vascular dementia who was brought in by her daughter after she noticed that her mother had wheezing, shortness of breath and reduced effort tolerance for the past 2 months. Her symptoms were worse on exertion and during sleep. She was given bronchodilator without any improvements. She was overweight and her STOPBANG score of 6. CT thorax showed posterior indentation of mid distal trachea with significant luminal narrowing. Unfortunately, she couldn’t comply to dynamic chest CT test due to vascular dementia. Flexible bronchoscopy done under conscious sedation confirmed almost total occlusion of both left and right main bronchus together with narrowing of tracheal diameter of more than 80% that were present only during expiration. Partial sleep study done showed evidence of OSA with an AHI of 58/hour, and a lowest oxygen saturation at 51%. Both her EDAC and OSA was treated successfully with a CPAP machine. On subsequent follow up, her daughter reported that her symptoms has resolved together with improvements in her effort tolerance. Discussion and Conclusion There are various Methods to diagnose and manage a patient with EDAC, some of which are invasive and thus are risky for elderly patients with multiple co-morbidities. Choices of investigations and treatment for this condition need to be tailored according to patient’s need and circumstances. CPAP in this case was given without real time titration under flexible bronchoscopy with success in her case.

Nose Stud Screw Aspiration- A Tiny Foreign Body with Potentially Huge Disaster: 2 Cases with Different Ways of Retrieval

( Khai Lip Ng ),( Nai Chien Huan ),( Mona Zaria Nasaruddin ),( Noorul Afidza Muhammad ),( Ummi Nadira Daut ),( Jamalul Azizi Abdul Rahaman ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2021 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.129 No.-

Nose piercing is traditionally a common practice among women of Indian ancestry. The practice of nose piercing has gained significant popularity in various communities worldwide for the past decade. The practice can potentially lead to aspiration of nose jewelleries such as screws of nose studs. Aspiration of small foreign bodies can be silent although potentially serious and life-threatening sequelae can happen in long term. Herein, we present 2 patients of Indian ancestry who aspirated screw of nose studs with different Methods of retrieval. Both of the patients are assymptomatic and foriegn body was found incidentally on chest radiograph. They could not recall the timing of aspiration of foreign body, which is nose stud screw in this case. Small foriegn body such the nose stud screw could potentially dislodge into subsegmental bronchi, rendering retrieval extermely difficult. The 2 cases are presented to show that the same type of foreign body can be retrieved easily if it remains in the main bronchus simply with flexible bronchoscope and grasping forceps, or require various method such as retrieval basket, magnet etc under rigid bronchoscopy. Small foriegn body could lead to serious complications such as severe infection, or massive hemoptysis if left in the airway. While aspiration of scarf pins among Muslim girls and ladies who wears a hijab, called the “hijab syndrome” have been extensively reported, there is a paucity of publications regarding “nosestud syndrome” among Indian communities. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report delineating aspiration of screw of nose studs and their retrieval Methods. The incidence and burden of nose stud aspiration remains unknown, and is likely underreported and underrecognized, as patients can remain asymptomatic. We hope that our case report can help to increase awareness and understanding of potential dangers of nose piercing.

Pulmonary Mucormycosis Masquerading as Endobronchial Tumour in an Immunocompetent Pregnant Young Lady

( Khai Lip Ng ),( Nai-chien Huan ),( Ummi Nadira Daut ),( Sanusi Zulkifli ),( Noorul Afidza Muhammad ),( Mona Zaria Nasaruddin ),( Jamalul Azizi Abdul Rahaman ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2020 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.128 No.-

Introduction Pulmonary murcomycosis is an uncommon fungal infection that typically affects immunocompromised patients. Rarely, it can affect immunocompetent patients, presenting as endobronchial lesions mimicking lung malignancy. Herein we report a patient with pulmonary murcomycosis with favourable treatment outcome via a multimodality approach utilizing antifungal agents and endobronchial intervention. Case Report A 31-year-old lady with no prior medical condition presented with a 3-month history of cough associated with weight loss of more than 5 kilograms and occasional haemoptysis (blood streaks in sputum). Chest radiograph and computed tomography demonstrated mediastinal lymphadenopathy and left hilar mass with infiltration into left main bronchus. Flexible bronchoscopy revealed presence of an endobronchial mass occluding the left main bronchus. Her tuberculosis workup, diabetes screening and retroviral tests were all negative but she was found to be pregnant at 6weeks. She was subsequently scheduled for rigid bronchoscopy and debulking of endobronchial mass. To our surprise, histopathological examination revealed inflamed tissue with presence of fungal organism which was subsequently confirmed to be Rhizopus microspores via fungal polymerase-chain-reaction. With the diagnosis in mind, she was promptly treated with intravenous amphotericin-B for a total of 2 weeks in duration, which was accompanied by clinical improvements and total radiological resolution. Amphotericin-B was chosen instead of other anti-fungal agents after taking into account of her pregnancy status. Conclusion Murcomycosis should be considered among young patients who presented with endobronchial lesion. Rapidly progressing nature of the disease warrants early diagnosis and treatment to ensure a better clinical outcome.

Haemorrhage Post Biopsy of a Bronchial Carcinoid

( Sangeta Vadivelu ),( Kho Sze Shyang ),( Wong Soo Fen ),( Jamalul Azizi Abdul Rahaman ),( Mona Zaria Nasaruddin ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2021 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.129 No.-

Background Bronchial carcinoid tumours are rare, indolent, malignant neuroendocrine tumours derived from Kulchitsky cells and are not related to smoking. As these tumours can be asymptomatic or present with non specific symptoms, a high index of suspicion is essential to make an early diagnosis which determines the prognosis. Surgery is curative and remains the mainstay of treatment. Case presentation A 41-year-old female with no Background medical illness first presented with a spontaneous left sided pneumothorax requiring a chest tube insertion. High-resolution CT (HRCT) thorax detected an incidental solitary pulmonary nodule. Bronchoscopy revealed a smooth round tumour sitting at the ostium of the basal right lower lobe bronchus. Endobronchial biopsy was complicated with massive bleeding requiring emergency exploration via rigid bronchoscopy. Multiple attempts to secure haemostasis using Watanabe spigot and argon plasma coagulation failed. She was intubated with a double lumen tube to isolate the healthy left lung. An urgent CT pulmonary angiogram (CTA) was performed to look for collaterals and feasibility of embolization, but no collaterals were seen. She was then referred to the cardiothoracic surgeon for an emergency right lobectomy. Histopathological examination revealed typical carcinoid tumour. She was discharged from the hospital in a stable condition. Discussion Bronchial carcinoids embryologically originate from the foregut and patients rarely present with features suggestive of carcinoid syndrome and crisis. Mostly are asymptomatic resulting in late presentation and diagnosis. Majority of the typical carcinoids are centrally located and may present with obstructive symptoms and recurrent pneumonia. Bronchoscopists may face massive bleeding following endobronchial biopsy in bronchial carcinoids. Conclusion Massive bleeding after endobronchial biopsy can occur and therefore the bronchoscopist should have anaesthesia, interventional radiology, and cardiothoracic support to handle this complication. Using tumour markers may obviate the need for biopsy in typical bronchial carcinoids to prevent massive bleeding after endobronchial biopsy.