A Study of the Content Validity of Reading Comprehension Tests in NMET II

Zhen-Jie Liu,Ming-Hao Jin 대한언어학회 2018 언어학 Vol.26 No.4

Liu, Zhen-Jie & Jin, Ming-Hao. (2018). A study of the content validity of reading comprehension tests in NMET II. The Linguistic Association of Korea Journal, 26(4), 103-124. Based on Bachman and Palmer’s (1996) framework of task characteristics, this paper aims to compare the reading comprehension tests of the 2013-2017 National Matriculation English Test II (NMET II) with the requirements of the New Curriculum Standards and Testing Syllabus, in particular, concerning the content validity of the tests in terms of the characteristics of input and expected responses. The implications of this study are discussed for test designers, teachers, and students. The results show that reading comprehension tests from 2013 to 2017 basically meet the requirements of the New Curriculum Standard and Testing Syllabus and have a high content validity. In terms of the characteristics of input, the length, reading speed, and readability of comprehension passages are appropriate for students; however, the distribution of topics and genres in each year is uneven. In terms of the characteristics of expected responses, the wordings of questions and the design of question items are reasonable. However, the response type is mainly restricted to selected response questions (multiple-choice), and the measure of reading skills coverage is unbalanced.

뇌졸중환자의 인지기능에 관한 연구

류명인,소희영 충남대학교 간호과학연구소 2006 충남대 간호학술지 Vol.9 No.1

Purpose: This study was to explore the cognitive function of stroke patients. Method: The study sample were 88 who were possible to communicate and agreed to participate. The data was collected at OPD and wards from 2 Veteran's hospital located at Daejeon and Seoul and one C University hospital by trained nursing students at 2004 February. this research design is survey research. The measurement tool was MMSE-K. The data were analysed by SPSS 10.0 using frequency, t-test ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients and Regression. Result: The mean score of MMSE-K was 26.74, being from minimum 13 to maximum 30. There was significant difference in attention/calculation subtype of MMSE-K according to length of education. There were statistically significant correlation among Time orientation, Place orientation, Registration, Attention & Calculation, Recall and Language. Conclusion: The cognitive function score of stroke patients was within normal limit. The length of education was a significant demographic characteristic affecting cognitive function. For rehabilitative care of stroke patient, the nurse has to collect data about cognition as well as demographic characteristics like income and perceived health status in order tar understand better and improve patients cognitive function.

Low Expression of the FoxO4 Gene may Contribute to the Phenomenon of EMT in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

Xu, Ming-Ming,Mao, Guo-Xin,Liu, Jian,Li, Jian-Chao,Huang, Hua,Liu, Yi-Fei,Liu, Jun-Hua Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.9

Because of its importance in tumor invasion and metastasis, the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has become a research focus in the field of cancer. Recently, evidence has been presented that FoxO4 might be involved in EMT. Our study aimed to detect the expression of FoxO4, E-cadherin and vimentin in non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). We also investigated clinical features and their correlations with the markers. In our study, FoxO4, E-cadherin and vimentin were assessed by immunohistochemistry in a tissue microarray (TMA) containing 150 cases of NSCLC. In addition, the expression level of FoxO4 protein was determined by Western blotting. The percentages of FoxO4, E-cadherin and vimentin positive expression in NSCLCs were 42.7%, 38.7% and 55.3%, respectively. Immunoreactivity of FoxO4 was low in NSCLC when compared with paired normal lung tissues. There were significant correlations between FoxO4 and TNM stage (P<0.001), histological differentiation (P=0.004) and lymph node metastasis (P<0.001), but no significant links with age (P=0.323), gender (P=0.410), tumor size (P=0.084), smoking status (P=0.721) and histological type (P=0.281). Our study showed that low expression of FoxO4 correlated with decreased expression of E-cadherin and elevated expression of vimentin. Cox regression analysis indicated FoxO4 to be an independent prognostic factor in NSCLC (P=0.046). These data suggested that FoxO4 might inhibit the process of EMT in NSCLC, and might therefore be a target for therapy.

Characterization of Distribution of Microstructure and Micro-mechanical Properties of Nickel-Based Single Crystal Superalloy Within the Shot-Peened Layer

Ming Liu,Qiang Zheng,Xin Wang,Chunling Xu 대한금속·재료학회 2023 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.29 No.8

Distributions of hardness, elastic modulus, yield strength, and residual stress within the shot-peened layer of nickel-basedsingle crystal superalloy were measured by instrumented indentation with Berkovich indenter under a constant indentationdisplacement of 400 nm. Elastic modulus is little affected by shot peening, while yield strength calculated by Nobre’s methodis significantly increased. The hardness and residual stress calculated by Vickers hardness testing are also proportional to theresults by instrumented indentation. Indentation parameters such as hardness, indentation work, and contact area linearlydepend on residual stress. Microstructures observed by SEM and EBSD show that the crystal orientation is severely distortedwithin 20 μm from the peened surface. The thickness of the plastic deformation layer measured by EBSD is 60 μm. XRDresults show that the number of diffraction peaks increases after shot peening, indicating the transformation from singlecrystal to polycrystalline structure; residual stress, domain size, microstrain, and dislocation density of shot-peened layerare − 837.5 MPa, 12.88–37.68 nm, 4.39–6.17 × 10–3, and 4.84–8.15 × 1015m−2, respectively. The values of residual stresscalculated by different nanoindentation models are different, but they are proportional to one another with a similar variationwithin the shot-peened surface. David’s model is the most suitable one to assess residual stresses of single crystals byperforming nanoindentation tests on the side surface that is perpendicular to the peened surface. The maximum compressiveresidual stress calculated by David's model is 1.26 GPa at the depth of 38 μm, and the total depth of compressive residualstress is about 130 μm.

Frequent Patterns of Motifs Detected from Time Series Data

Ming Liu(리우밍),Woonghee Lee(이웅희),Younghoon Kim(김영훈) 한국정보과학회 2017 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2017 No.06

Adjuvant Radiotherapy after Breast Conserving Treatment for Breast Cancer:A Dosimetric Comparison between Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy and Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy

Liu, Zhe-Ming,Ge, Xiao-Lin,Chen, Jia-Yan,Wang, Pei-Pei,Zhang, Chi,Yang, Xi,Zhu, Hong-Cheng,Liu, Jia,Qin, Qin,Xu, Li-Ping,Lu, Jing,Zhan, Liang-Liang,Cheng, Hong-Yan,Sun, Xin-Chen Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.8

Background: Radiotherapy is an important treatment of choice for breast cancer patients after breast-conserving surgery, and we compare the feasibility of using dual arc volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT2), single arc volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT1) and Multi-beam Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (M-IMRT) on patients after breast-conserving surgery. Materials and Methods: Thirty patients with breast cancer (half right-sided and half left-sided) treated by conservative lumpectomy and requiring whole breast radiotherapy with tumor bed boost were planned with three different radiotherapy techniques: 1) VMAT1; 2) VMAT2; 3) M-IMRT. The distributions for the planning target volume (PTV) and organs at risk (OARs) were compared. Dosimetries for all the techniques were compared. Results: All three techniques satisfied the dose constraint well. VMAT2 showed no obvious difference in the homogeneity index (HI) and conformity index (CI) of the PTV with respect to M-IMRT and VMAT1. VMAT2 clearly improved the treatment efficiency and can also decrease the mean dose and V5Gy of the contralateral lung. The mean dose and maximum dose of the spinal cord and contralateral breast were lower for VMAT2 than the other two techniques. The very low dose distribution (V1Gy) of the contralateral breast also showed great reduction in VMAT2 compared with the other two techniques. For the ipsilateral lung of right-sided breast cancer, the mean dose was decreased significantly in VMAT2 compared with VMAT1 and M-IMRT. The V20Gy and V30Gy of the ipsilateral lung of the left-sided breast cancer for VMAT2 showed obvious reduction compared with the other two techniques. The heart statistics of VMAT2 also decreased considerably compared to VMAT1 and M-IMRT. Conclusions: Compared to the other two techniques, the dual arc volumetric modulated arc therapy technique reduced radiation dose exposure to the organs at risk and maintained a reasonable target dose distribution.

A Potential Method for Synchronous Improvement of Soil Fertility, Biological Function and Productivity in Red Soil Region of Subtropical China

Ming Liu,Zhongpei Li,Xiucai Zhai 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6

70 Years after WW2: The Dynamics of the Northeast Asian Security Environment : Northeast Asia Order after WW2: Continuity, Compliance, Power-Transition and Challenges

( Liu Ming ) 한국국방연구원 2015 The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis Vol.27 No.2

East Asia is now fully engaged in a competition between a rising China and the other powers.the United States and Japan.while the regional order is in a transition from a super primacy of the United States to the asymmetric bipolar structure of the United States and China. China is changing a lot in terms of capabilities and behavior; but China also shows its benevolence, such as benefit-sharing initiatives on regional institutionalization development. The “American rebalancing strategy” has partly reversed the overall situation in East Asia in favor of the United States, but as 57 countries have joined the Asia Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), Beijing has now recovered some ground from this overwhelming tide of the U.S. strategy. China’s military modernization and Sino-Japanese confrontation over the Diaoyu Islands offer a big excuse and incentive for Japan’s acceleration of this process of becoming a normal country. The future of Northeast Asia lies mainly in the four variables and their interactions: the Chinese Communist Party’s capability to balance its goal of national rejuvenation and nationalistic emotion in protecting its sovereignty interests; the United States’ genuine attitude toward China’s power development; Japan’s goal of its nationalistic resurgence and its complicated strategic ties with China and South Korea; and North Korean regime stability and nuclear capability development. In spite of the Sino-American competition relations, there always exists a demand of condominium and strategic interdependence on global governance and other hot issues in the international arena. Therefore, management of China-U.S. competition is key to stability of the regional order.

CT Findings of Persistent Pure Ground Glass Opacity: Can We Predict the Invasiveness?

Liu, Li-Heng,Liu, Ming,Wei, Ran,Jin, Er-Hu,Liu, Yu-Hui,Xu, Liang,Li, Wen-Wu,Huang, Yong Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.5

Background: To investigate whether CT findings can predict the invasiveness of persistent cancerous pure ground glass opacity (pGGO) by correlating the CT imaging features of persistent pGGO with pathological changes. Materials and Methods: Ninety five patients with persistent pGGOs were included. Three radiologists evaluated the morphologic features of these pGGOs at high resolution CT (HRCT). Binary logistic regression was used to assess the association between CT findings and histopathological classification (pre-invasive and invasive groups). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of diameters. Results: A total of 105 pGGOs were identified. Between pre-invasive (atypical adenomatous hyperplasia, AAH, and adenocarcinoma in situ, AIS) and invasive group (minimally invasive adenocarcinoma, MIA and invasive lung adenocarcinomas, ILA), there were significant differences in diameter, spiculation and vessel dilatation (p<0.05). No difference was found in air-bronchogram, bubble-lucency, lobulated-margin, pleural indentation or vascular convergence (p>0.05). The optimal threshold value of the diameters to predict the invasiveness of pGGO was 12.50mm. Conclusions: HRCT features can predict the invasiveness of persistent pGGO. The pGGO with a diameter more than 12.50mm, presences of spiculation and vessel dilatation are important factors to differentiate invasive adenocarcinoma from pre-invasive cancerous lesions.

Research on Anti-Spoofing and Detection Technology in Satellite Positioning Section

Liu You-ming,Feng Qi,Li Ting-jun 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.10 No.8

The detector performance depends on the clock accuracy and the model, the clock parameters estimation error will lead to a decline in the performance of the detectors. Therefore, in order to reach the detector achieves a set of performance, it need to adjust the receiver of the crystal quality. In this paper, the method of detecting the clock states of the satellite navigation receiver is used to detect the receiver. The clock state model of the receiver is established in the static and motion mode, and the time variation of the clock state is analyzed.