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Daniela Krause,Verena B. Kirnich,Theresa M. Stapf,Anika Hennings,Sabine Riemer,Michael Riedel,Ralf Schmidmaier,Francisco Pedrosa Gil,Winfried Rief,Markus J. Schwarz 대한정신약물학회 2019 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.17 No.1
Objective: Previous studies have suggested alterations in the kynurenine pathway as a major link between cytokine and neurotransmitter abnormalities in psychiatric disorders. Most of these studies used a cross-sectional case-control study design. However, knowledge is still lacking regarding the stability over time of kynurenine pathway metabolites and the functionally related cytokines. Therefore, we studied the stability of cytokines and tryptophan (TRP) parameters over a period of 12 weeks. Methods: A total of 117 participants-39 with major depression, 27 with somatoform disorder, and 51 healthy controlswere enrolled. Four evaluations, including blood withdrawal and psychometric testing, were performed over a period of 12 weeks. We used ELISA to measure interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1 receptor antagonist (RA) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF ). High-performance liquid chromatography was used to analyze neurotransmitter variables, i.e. TRP, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), kynurenine (KYN), 3-OH-kynurenine (3-HK), and kynurenic acid (KYNA). Results: We found no significant fluctuations of TRP, its metabolites (5-HIAA, KYN, KYNA, and 3-HK), or the cytokines (IL-1RA, IL-6, and TNF ) in any of the groups over the 12 weeks. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first longitudinal study performed in psychiatric patients to verify the stability and consequently the reliability of the biological parameters we investigated. Our data indicate that TRP metabolites and cytokines are reliable biological parameters in psychiatric research because they do not fluctuate significantly over time.
Thurman, Joshua M.,Kraus, Damian M.,Girardi, Guillermina,Hourcade, Dennis,Kang, Hee J.,Royer, Pamela A.,Mitchell, Lynne M.,Giclas, Patricia C.,Salmon, Jane,Gilkeson, Gary,Holers, V. Michael Elsevier 2005 Molecular immunology Vol.42 No.1
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Studies in gene-targeted mice have demonstrated that factor B of the alternative complement pathway plays an important role in several disease models, but an exogenous inhibitor of factor B has not previously been available. We have developed an inhibitory monoclonal antibody directed against a critical epitope on mouse factor B and have tested it in a model of antiphospholipid (aPL) antibody (Ab)-induced fetal loss. Gene-targeted factor B-deficient mice (fB<SUP>−/−</SUP>) were injected with a fusion protein comprised of the second and third short consensus repeat (SCR) domains of mouse factor B linked to a mouse IgG<SUB>1</SUB> Fc domain. Hybridomas were made from splenocytes of the immunized mouse. One mAb, designated 1379, produced an IgG<SUB>1</SUB> antibody that inhibited alternative pathway activation in vitro and in vivo by preventing formation of the C3bBb complex. Strikingly, this mAb inhibited alternative pathway activation in serum from mice, rats, humans, monkeys, pigs and horses. Fab fragments made from this mAb also inhibited alternative pathway activation. Epitope mapping demonstrated that this antibody binds to factor B within the third SCR domain. When mAb 1379 was administered to mice that also received human IgG containing antiphospholipid antibodies, it provided significant protection from antiphospholipid antibody-induced complement activation and fetal loss. Thus, this mAb to factor B has broad species reactivity and effectively inhibits alternative pathway activation. The mAb protects mice in an in vivo model of antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, demonstrating the therapeutic potential for the inhibition of factor B in this disease.</P>
A unified analysis of four cosmic shear surveys
Chang, Chihway,Wang, Michael,Dodelson, Scott,Eifler, Tim,Heymans, Catherine,Jarvis, Michael,Jee, M James,Joudaki, Shahab,Krause, Elisabeth,Malz, Alex,Mandelbaum, Rachel,Mohammed, Irshad,Schneider, Mic Oxford University Press 2019 Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Vol.482 No.3
Dong Athena,Pan Xiaoqing,Lin Chien-Wei,Huang Yi-Wen,Krause Hayden,Pan Pan,Baim Arielle,Thomas Michael J,Chen Xiao,Yu Jianhua,Michaelis Laura,Liu Pengyuan,Wang Li-Shu,Atallah Ehab 대한암예방학회 2022 Journal of cancer prevention Vol.27 No.2
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms (MDS/MPN) are bone marrow disorders characterized by cytopenias and progression to acute myeloid leukemia. Hypomethylating agents (HMAs) are Food and Drug Administration-approved therapies for MDS and MDS/MPN patients. HMAs have improved patients’ survival and quality of life when compared with other therapies. Although HMAs are effective in MDS and MDS/MPN patients, they are associated with significant toxicities that place a large burden on patients. Our goal is to develop a safer and more effective HMA from natural products. We previously reported that black raspberries (BRBs) have hypomethylating effects in the colon, blood, spleen, and bone marrow of mice. In addition, BRBs exert hypomethylating effects in patients with colorectal cancer and familial adenomatous polyposis. In the current study, we conducted a pilot clinical trial to evaluate the hypomethylating effects of BRBs in patients with low-risk MDS or MDS/MPN. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated before and after three months of BRB intervention. CD45+ cells were isolated from PBMCs for methylation analysis using a reduced-representation bisulfite sequencing assay. Each patient served as their own matched control, with their measurements assessed before intervention providing a baseline for post-intervention results. Clinically, our data showed that BRBs were well-tolerated with no side effects. When methylation data was combined, BRBs significantly affected methylation levels of 477 promoter regions. Pathway analysis suggests that BRB-induced intragenic hypomethylation drives leukocyte differentiation. A randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial of BRB use in low-risk MDS or MDS/ MPN patients is warranted.
The impact of air contaminants on humidifier membrane performance
Daniel Ilk,Viktoria Frick,Christopher Hänel,Thomas Schiestel,Michael Schoemaker,Holger Kraus,Harry E. Hoster 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.126 No.-
Membrane humidifiers are often used to increase the performance and lifetime of polymer electrolytemembrane fuel cells (PEMFC). In order to avoid possible problems and consequential costs in later fuelcell applications due to the degradation of humidifier membranes, in this work five industrial humidifiermembranes (hollow fiber and flat sheet membranes in various material combinations) are tested againstfive pollutant gases from the environment (NO, NO2, NH3, SO2, O3). Herefor the water transfer capabilitiesbefore and after exposure to the pollutant gases is quantified. The results show that polyimides and fluoropolymersare degraded by ozone so that mechanical stability drastically decreases, so that they disintegrate. When polysulfone membranes are tested with pollutants a clear decline in water transfer can beseen over time. The decline of water transfer does not always seem to be due to the presence of harmfulgases but could also reflect physical degradation of the polymer. Perfluorinated sulfonic acid-based(PFSA) membranes are particularly sensitive to ammonia.