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Okura, Hiromichi,Wada, Masahisa,Serizawa, Takeshi Chemical Society of Japan 2014 Chemistry letters Vol.43 No.5
<P>The dispersibility of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with water-dispersible properties, which were prepared by HCl treatment of cellulose resources, in organic solvents was investigated by cross-polar images. It was found that the CNCs were dispersed well in amphoteric solvents with strong Lewis acid and base properties, similar to the original water solvent.</P>
Poroelasticity of cellulose hydrogel
Isobe, Noriyuki,Kimura, Satoshi,Wada, Masahisa,Deguchi, Shigeru Elsevier 2018 Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engine Vol.92 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The poroelasticity of cellulose hydrogels was studied by a series of compression tests. The stiffness of the cellulose hydrogel was found to be independent on the crystallinity of a skeletal gel matrix, suggesting that the poroelasticity made a significant contribution to mechanical properties of the hydrogel. Indeed, typical poroelastic responses were observed when the cellulose hydrogels were subjected to the compression tests with varied compression strain rates (i.e. softness upon slow compression but stiffness upon fast compression). The fluid mechanics theory showed that sub-micrometer-scale morphological difference of the gel matrix, which was observable by scanning electron microscopy, affected the flow behavior of water inside porous structure, leading to the increased stiffness upon fast compression.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Stiffness of cellulose hydrogel is independent on crystallinity of skeletal matrix. </LI> <LI> Poroelasticity of cellulose hydrogel stands out upon fast compression. </LI> <LI> Sub-micrometer-scale morphology generates poroelasticity. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Kimura, Satoshi,Nakayama, Kei,Wada, Masahisa,Kim, Ung-Jin,Azumi, Kaoru,Ojima, Takao,Nozawa, Akino,Kitamura, Shin-Ichi,Hirose, Euichi Inter-Research 2015 Diseases of aquatic organisms Vol.116 No.2
<P>Soft tunic syndrome is a fatal disease in the edible ascidian Halocynthia roretzi, causing serious damage to ascidian aquaculture in Korea and Japan. In diseased individuals, the tunic, an integumentary extracellular matrix of ascidians, softens and eventually tears. This is an infectious disease caused by the kinetoplastid flagellate Azumiobodo hoyamushi. However, the mechanism of tunic softening remains unknown. Because cellulose fibrils are the main component of the tunic, we compared the contents and structures of cellulose in healthy and diseased tunics by means of biochemical quantification and X-ray diffractometry. Unexpectedly, the cellulose contents and structures of cellulose microfibrils were almost the same regardless of the presence or absence of the disease. Therefore, it is unlikely that thinning of the microfibrils occurred in the softened tunic, because digestion should have resulted in decreases in crystallinity index and crystallite size. Moreover, cellulase was not detected in pure cultures of A. hoyamushi in biochemical and expressed sequence tag analyses. These results indicate that cellulose degradation does not occur in the softened tunic.</P>
Yamashita, Daichi,Kimura, Satoshi,Wada, Masahisa,Takabe, Keiji Springer-Verlag 2016 Journal of wood science Vol.62 No.2
<P>The traditional Maule color reaction was improved by use of tris(hydroxymethyl) aminomethane-hydrochloride acid (Tris-HCl) buffer coupled with a fluorescence microscope. The purple-red color of Maule-treated hardwood was more stable with the novel treatment than with traditional treatment. In addition, Maule-treated wood samples had a characteristic fluorescence when excited with blue (460-495 nm) light. Examination of white birch (Betula platyphylla) showed that syringyl-rich and guaiacyl-rich cell walls emitted red and yellow fluorescence, respectively. Measuring the fluorescence spectra of hardwood and softwood powders after treatment with the new Maule reagents showed that hardwood powder containing syringyl lignin emitted a red fluorescence, whereas softwood powder containing guaiacyl lignin emitted a green fluorescence when excited with blue light. In conclusion, this improved technique has many advantages compared with the traditional Maule color test.</P>