Factors influencing use of institutional delivery services in rural Bangladesh

( Mansoor Ahmed ),( Minhaj Uddin ),( Jung Hye Hwang ),( Soo Jeung Choi ),( Ha Yun Kim ),( Hyea Bin Lm ),( Dongwoon Han ) 한국모자보건학회 2016 한국모자보건학회 학술대회 연제집 Vol.2016 No.2

Background Institutional delivery is very important in reducing maternal and neonatal mortality; however, several women deliver outside of health facilities in Bangladesh. Therefore, objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of institutional deliveries and identify factors influencing institutional deliveries among women in rural Bangladesh. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study from August to September 2015 was conducted with women who gave birth in the last two years prior to the study in Kurigram District, Rangpur division, Bangladesh. Using a stratified sampling method, a total of 348 participants were enrolled in the study. Data were collected via pretested standardized questionnaire. Using SPSS version 21, chi-square and binary logistic regression analyses were carried out to determine factors influencing use of institutional delivery services. Results Among 348 participating women (mean age: 24.36 ± 4.18), it was found that only 83 (23.9%) went for institutional delivery and the remaining 76.1% delivered in home. Reasons for home delivery included: feeling embarrassed in hospital (92.8%), more comfortable at home (83.8%), long distance to health facility (46.4%) and high costs in hospital (38.1%). The factors significantly influencing institutional delivery included women’ s education (OR: 9.859; p=0.036), knowledge of institutional delivery services (OR: 8.064; p=0.007), women,s knowledge about danger signs of pregnancy (OR: 47.35; p〈0.000), pregnancy related complications (OR: 5.182; p〈0.000), and four or more antenatal care (ANG) visits (OR: 4.627; p=0.049). Conclusions This study found very low prevalence of skilled institutional delivery in rural Bangladesh. Findings of the study suggest that number of ANG visits, women’ s education and knowledge on pregnancy and delivery services can play very crucial role to increase the uptake of institutional delivery services. Health policies, health promotion and education programs should focus on these factors in order to reduce the number of preventable maternal and neonatal deaths. Efforts from different sections of the society using multisectoral approach can help in improving the maternal, newborn and child health.

Outlier Detection in Indoor Localization and Internet of Things (IoT) using Machine Learning

Mansoor Ahmed Bhatti,Rabia Riaz,Sana Shokat,Farina Riaz,Se Jin Kwon 한국통신학회 2020 Journal of communications and networks Vol.22 No.3

In Internet of things (IoT) millions of devices are intelligently connected for providing smart services. Especially in indoor localization environment, that is one of the most concerningtopic of smart cities, internet of things and wireless sensor networks. Many technologies are being used for localization purposein indoor environment and Wi-Fi using received signal strengths(RSSs) is one of them. Wi-Fi RSSs are sensitive to reflection, refraction, interference and channel noise that cause irregularity insignal strengths. The irregular and anomalous RSS values, used ina Wi-Fi indoor localization environment, cannot define the locationof any unknown node correctly. Therefore, this research has developed an outlier detection technique named as iF_Ensemblefor Wi-Fi indoor localization environment by analyzing RSSs using the combination of supervised, unsupervised and ensemble machine learning methods. In this research isolation forest (iForest)is used as an unsupervised learning method. Supervised learningmethod includes support vector machine (SVM), K-nearest neighbor (KNN) and random forest (RF) classifiers with stacking thatis an ensemble learning method. For the evaluation purpose accuracy, precision, recall, F-score and ROC-AUC curve are used. Theevaluation of used machine learning method provides high accuracy of 97.8 percent with proposed outlier detection methods andalmost 2 percent improvement in the accuracy of localization process in indoor environment after eliminating outliers.

Particle Swarm Optimization-based dummy sub-carriers insertion for peak to average power ratio reduction in OFDM systems

Ahmed K. Abed,Riyadh Mansoor,Ali K. Abed 한국통신학회 2022 ICT Express Vol.8 No.1

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is the best choice for wireless and wired high data rate communications. The OFDM system has many advantages such as high spectral efficiency, robustness to channel fading, and immunity to impulse interference. However, it has a main drawback, which is the Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR). Selecting Mapping (SLM) and Partial Transmit Sequences (PTS) are the two essential techniques for reducing the PAPR; however, they need to send side information to indicate how the transmitter generates signals. In this paper, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)-based dummy sub-carriers are inserted with the data to reduce PAPR without transmitting side information. The incorporation of PSO-based Dummy Sub-carriers Insertion (DSI) method on this system is performed by measuring the PAPR at the IFFT output (Inverse Fast Fourier Transform) after adding 6 adaptive sub-carrier sequences to the input data of IFFT. The PSO-based dummy algorithm decides to send the data once the PAPR of this data sequence and dummy sub-carrier is under a specific threshold. Using MATLAB as a mathematical simulation tool, simulation results are presented for a standard OFDM network model. The network model has been simulated in an Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel environment to investigate PAPR and Bit-Error Rate (BER) performance. The simulation results show that the dummy sequence based on PSO reduces PAPR down to 4 dB compared to a conventional OFDM system and down to 3 dB compared with the clipping technique for the same BER performance.

The feasibility of needleless jet injection versus conventional needle local anesthesia during dental procedures: a systematic review

Alreem Ahmed Alameeri,Hessa AlFandi AlShamsi,Amel Murad,Mariam Mahmoud Alhammadi,Meznah Hamad Alketbi,Arwa AlHamwi,Natheer Hashim Al Rawi,Sausan Al Kawas,Marwan Mansoor Mohammed,Shishir Ram Shetty 대한구강악안면외과학회 2022 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.48 No.6

This systematic review evaluates current evidence regarding the feasibility of using needleless jet injection instead of a conventional local anesthetic needle. EBSCO, ProQuest, PubMed, and Scopus databases were used to identify relevant literature published in English from 2005 to 2020. Ten stud-ies were selected. Five of them were randomized clinical trials, 3 case-control studies, and 2 equivalence trials. Using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program checklist, 6 studies scored between 67% and 100%, and 4 studies scored between 34% and 66%. According to Jadad’s scale, 2 studies were considered strong, and 8 studies were considered moderate in quality. The results of the 10 studies showed differences in patient preference for needle-less jet injection. Needleless injection technique has been found to be particularly useful in uncooperative patients with anxiety and needle phobia. Needleless jet injection is not technique sensitive. However, with needleless jet anesthesia, most treatments require additional anesthesia. Conventional needle anesthesia is less costly, has a longer duration of action, and has better pain control during dental extraction. Needleless jet anesthesia has been shown to be moderately accepted by patients with a fear of needles, has a faster onset of action, and is an efficient alternative to conventional infiltra-tion anesthesia technique.

Estimation of Electrical Parameters of OD Organic Semiconductor Diode from Measured I-V Characteristics

Syed Abdul Moiz,Mansoor M. Ahmed,Kh. S. Karimov 한국전자통신연구원 2005 ETRI Journal Vol.27 No.3

In this paper the effect of temperature on the electrical properties of organic semiconductor disperse orange dye 25 (OD) have been examined. Thin films of OD have been deposited on In2O3 substrates using a centrifugal machine. DC current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of the fabricated devices (Al/OD/In2O3) have been evaluated at varying temperatures ranging from 40 to 60°C. A rectification behavior in these devices has been observed such that the rectifying ratio increases as a function of temperature. I-V characteristics observed in Al/OD/In2O3 devices have been classified as low temperature (≤ 50°C) and high temperature characteristics (approximately 60°C). Low temperature characteristics have been explained on the basis of the charge transport mechanism associated with free carriers available in OD, whereas high temperature characteristics have been explained on the basis of the trapped space-charge-limited current. Different electrical parameters such as traps factor, free carrier density, trapped carrier density, trap density of states, and effective mobility have been determined from the observed temperature dependent I-V characteristics. It has been shown that the traps factor, effective mobility, and free carrier density increase with increasing values of temperature, whilst no significant change has been observed in the trap density of states.

A Scalable Data Integrity Mechanism Based on Provable Data Possession and JARs

( Faheem Zafar ),( Abid Khan ),( Mansoor Ahmed ),( Majid Iqbal Khan ),( Farhana Jabeen ),( Zara Hamid ),( Naveed Ahmed ),( Faisal Bashir ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2016 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.10 No.6

Cloud storage as a service provides high scalability and availability as per need of user, without large investment on infrastructure. However, data security risks, such as confidentiality, privacy, and integrity of the outsourced data are associated with the cloud-computing model. Over the year`s techniques such as, remote data checking (RDC), data integrity protection (DIP), provable data possession (PDP), proof of storage (POS), and proof of retrievability (POR) have been devised to frequently and securely check the integrity of outsourced data. In this paper, we improve the efficiency of PDP scheme, in terms of computation, storage, and communication cost for large data archives. By utilizing the capabilities of JAR and ZIP technology, the cost of searching the metadata in proof generation process is reduced from O(n) to O(1). Moreover, due to direct access to metadata, disk I/O cost is reduced and resulting in 50 to 60 time faster proof generation for large datasets. Furthermore, our proposed scheme achieved 50% reduction in storage size of data and respective metadata that result in providing storage and communication efficiency.

Disclosure of herbal medicine use to health care providers among pregnant women in Nepal: Does Antenatal Care Matter?

( Hyea Bin Lm ),( Ahmed ),( Mansoor ),( Jung Hye Hwang ),( Dongwoon Han ) 한국모자보건학회 2019 한국모자보건학회 학술대회 연제집 Vol.2019 No.2

Purpose: Despite the scarcity of the evidence supporting its efficacy and safety, the consumption of herbal medicines (HM) during pregnancy has been widely reported due to the belief that they are safer and more natural. However, certain pharmacological characteristics of herbs can cause a detrimental effect on both pregnant women and the fetus, and because HM use is often self-prescribed and is unsupervised by health professionals, safety issues in HM use remain to be a major public health concern. One of the ways to overcome this issue is to increase patient disclosure of HM use to physicians, as improved physician-patient communication on HM use provides room for appropriate medical intervention when complications/adverse reactions arise from concurrent use of HM and conventional medicine. In Nepal, the use of HM is also widespread and is culturally embedded, yet little is known about the pattern of HM use during pregnancy and whether proper physician-patient communication on HM use has been practiced. Therefore, this study aims to explore the pattern of HM use among pregnant women in Nepal, to identify potential predictors of HM use during pregnancy, and to examine factors associated with physician disclosure on HM use. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using data from 400 postpartum women at Maternity and Women’s Hospital located in Kathmandu, Nepal from July 4, 2017 to August 12, 2017. All postpartum women aged 15 to 49 were invited to take part in the survey before they were discharged from the hospital. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the sociodemographic and pregnancy-related characteristics of study respondents. A chi-square test was performed to identify differences in sociodemographic and pregnancy-related characteristics between users and non-users of HM. Furthermore, among HM users, a chi-square test was also used to compare pregnancy outcomes between the group who disclosed HM use to physicians and the group who did not. Lastly, a logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine potential predictors of HM use and to identify the factors associated with physician disclosure on HM use. Results: Herbal medicines were used by 241 (60.3%) participants in their previous pregnancy, and travel time to health facility (p=0.045), use of HM prior to previous pregnancy (p<0.001), and gravidity (p=0.018) were significantly associated with HM use in pregnancy. Ginger was the most commonly used modality of HM in Nepal (n=111, 46.1%), and the most commonly reported indications for HM use were cough, cold, flu (72.6%), nausea/vomiting (39.8%), and heartburn/indigestion (23.6%). Overall, 21.6% of HM users reported side effects of HM use in pregnancy, and the most popular source of HM information were family and friends (n=236, 98.3%). The disclosure rate of HM use with healthcare providers was 54.8%, and potential predictors of patient disclosure on HM use were pregnant women’s education level (p=0.022) and the number of antenatal care(ANC) visits (p=0.008). Conclusion: This study found that the use of HM during pregnancy was common in Nepal. However, most women obtained HM-related information from informal sources and did not disclose HM use to physicians. ANC visits and women’s education levels were found to be associated with disclosure of HM use to physicians. This highlights the need for public education and awareness programs on the safe use of HM and encourage pregnant women’s disclosure of HM use. Furthermore, to provide optimal care and promote coordination between HM and conventional medicine, health care providers should stay up to date with the knowledge of HM use.

Social Pedestrian Group Detection Based on Spatiotemporal-oriented Energy for Crowd Video Understanding

( Shaonian Huang ),( Dongjun Huang ),( Mansoor Ahmed Khuhroa ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2018 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.12 No.8

Social pedestrian groups are the basic elements that constitute a crowd; therefore, detection of such groups is scientifically important for modeling social behavior, as well as practically useful for crowd video understanding. A social group refers to a cluster of members who tend to keep similar motion state for a sustained period of time. One of the main challenges of social group detection arises from the complex dynamic variations of crowd patterns. Therefore, most works model dynamic groups to analysis the crowd behavior, ignoring the existence of stationary groups in crowd scene. However, in this paper, we propose a novel unified framework for detecting social pedestrian groups in crowd videos, including dynamic and stationary pedestrian groups, based on spatiotemporal-oriented energy measurements. Dynamic pedestrian groups are hierarchically clustered based on energy flow similarities and trajectory motion correlations between the atomic groups extracted from principal spatiotemporal-oriented energies. Furthermore, the probability distribution of static spatiotemporal-oriented energies is modeled to detect stationary pedestrian groups. Extensive experiments on challenging datasets demonstrate that our method can achieve superior results for social pedestrian group detection and crowd video classification.

Efficient Document Similarity Detection Using Weighted Phrase Indexing

Papias Niyigena,Zhang Zuping,Mansoor Ahmed Khuhro,Damien Hanyurwimfura 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.11 No.5

Document similarity techniques mostly rely on single term analysis of the document in the data set. To improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the process of document similarity detection, more informative feature terms have been developed and presented by many researchers. In this paper, we present phrase weight index, which indexes documents in the data set based on important phrases. Phrasal indexing aims to reduce the ambiguity inherent to the words considered in isolation, and then improve the effectiveness in document similarity computation. The method we are presenting here in this paper inherit the term tf-idf weighting scheme in computing important phrases in the collection. It computes the weight of phrases in the document collection and according to a given threshold; the important phrases are identified and are indexed. The data dimensionality which hinders the performance of document similarity for different methods is solved by an offline index creation of important phrases for every document. The evaluation experiments indicate that the presented method is very effective on document similarity detection and its quality surpasses the traditional phrase-based approach in which the reduction of dimensionality is ignored and other methods which use single-word tf-idf.

Effect of Zeta Potential on Chitosan Doped Cerium Oxide in the Decolorization of Cationic Dye under Visible Light Irradiation

Santhoshini Priya Thomas,Hameed Hussain Ahmed Mansoor,Monicka Kullappan,Vadivel Sethumathavan,Balasubramanian Natesan 한국섬유공학회 2019 Fibers and polymers Vol.20 No.7

In recent days, semiconductor photocatalysis for the advanced water treatment of organic contaminants has beenconsidered as an efficient and attractive technology. This papers deals with the synthesis, characterization, and study of zetapotential effect of chitosan doped cerium oxide beads (CCB) for the photocatalytic decolorization of cationic dye, methyleneblue (MB) under visible light irradiation. The CCB were successfully synthesized through sol-gel method and furthercharacterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electronmicroscopy (SEM). The SEM images show that cerium oxide nanoparticles were profoundly embedded on the chitosanmaterial. CCB exhibited higher photocatalytic activity with 97.75 % after 210 min of decolorization. Decolorization of MBusing CCB was analyzed at different intervals of time under visible light irradiation using UV-Vis spectroscopy. The rate ofMB decolorization under visible light irradiation follows the pseudo first order kinetics using Langmuir-Hinshelwood model. Zeta potential of CCB were analyzed for aqueous solutions of chitosan dispersion over a pH range of 2 to 8.