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Yang, Ji Hoon,Lee, Dae Ho,Yum, Min Hyung,Shin, Yong Sook,Kim, Eun Jung,Park, Chong-Yun,Kwon, Myeung Hoi,Yang, Cheol Woong,Yoo, Ji-Beom,Song, Ha-Jin,Shin, Hyun-Joon,Jin, Yong-Wan,Kim, Jong-Min Elsevier 2006 Carbon Vol.44 No.11
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Nitrogen molecules have been encapsulated into the central hollows of vertically aligned carbon nitride (CN) multiwalled nanofibers by dc plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition with C<SUB>2</SUB>H<SUB>2</SUB>, NH<SUB>3</SUB>, and N<SUB>2</SUB> gases on a Ni/TiN/Si(100) substrate at 650°C. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectra showed the existence of nitrogen molecules in CN nanofibers. Elemental mapping images with electron energy loss spectroscopy of the CN nanofiber and catalyst metal, and optical emission spectroscopy spectra of the plasma showed the distribution of nitrogen atoms and molecules in the CN nanofiber, catalyst metal, and gaseous precursor, respectively. These studies showed that atomic nitrogen diffused into the catalytic metal particle because of the concentration gradient and then saturated at the bottom of the particle. Saturated nitrogen atom participated in the formation of the CN nanofiber wall but most of nitrogen was trapped in the central hollow of the nanofiber as molecules.</P>
The Role of H2 in the Growth of Carbon Nanotubes on an AAO Template
신용숙,박종윤,Cheol Woong Yang,Dong Heon Ryu,Ji Hoon Yang,Ji-Beom Yoo,Jong-Min Kim,Jun Yong Hong,Min Hyung Yum,Myeung Hoi Kwon,Yong-Wan Jin 한국물리학회 2007 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.50 No.4
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were synthesized in most pores on an anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template by using thermal chemical vapor deposition (TCVD). The introduction of H2 gas into the reacting gas mixture improved the growth of CNTs in the narrow pores of the AAO template. Additionally, H2 pre-treatment at 500 C after pore widening significantly improved the crystallinity and the density of the CNTs grown on the AAO template. We found that hydrogen reduction of catalyst metals promotes CNT growth in narrow pores. A subsequent X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis revealed that the reduction process reduced oxygen on the oxidized catalyst surface and activated catalytic sites. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were synthesized in most pores on an anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template by using thermal chemical vapor deposition (TCVD). The introduction of H2 gas into the reacting gas mixture improved the growth of CNTs in the narrow pores of the AAO template. Additionally, H2 pre-treatment at 500 C after pore widening significantly improved the crystallinity and the density of the CNTs grown on the AAO template. We found that hydrogen reduction of catalyst metals promotes CNT growth in narrow pores. A subsequent X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis revealed that the reduction process reduced oxygen on the oxidized catalyst surface and activated catalytic sites.
( Young Chan Kim ),( Tulyapruek Tawonsawatruk ),( Hyeong Hwa Woon ),( Ji Woong Yum ),( Myung Jin Shin ),( Rodolfo S. Bravo Jr ),( Kyung Wook Nha ) 대한슬관절학회 2017 대한슬관절학회지 Vol.29 No.1
Purpose: The effect of sagittal plane angle of the tibial tunnel on the severity of tibial intra-articular aperture expansion caused by iatrogenic rereaming in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction using a modified transtibial technique is unknown. The purpose of this study was to compare the severity of intra-articular aperture widening at different angles (40°, 45°, and 50°) of the tibial guide (TG). Materials and Methods: Ninety-seven patients who underwent modified transtibial ACL reconstruction were randomly allocated to TG 40°, 45°, and 50° groups. Intra-articular tibial aperture width (TW) and tibial tunnel length (TTL) were measured intraoperatively using an arthroscopic ruler and a depth gauge. Results: The TG 50° group had significantly greater tibial aperture widening than the TG 40° group. There was a significant difference among TG 40°, 45°, and 50° groups and the percentage of knees with TTL <35 mm was 8%, 9% and 3%, respectively. There were 2 females with TTL <35 mm in TG 40° and 45° groups each. The average mediolateral length of the tibial plateau was 75 mm. Conclusions: This study shows that the TG angle of 40° would reduce the severity of intra-articular aperture widening of the tibial tunnel compared to 45° or 50° in modified transtibial ACL reconstruction.