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      • 계통변화를 고려한 자율 적응형 과전류 계전기

        尹晙碩,崔勉松,李承宰,玄升鎬 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 2004 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.23 No.-

        In this paper present Autonomous Adaptive Digital Over Current Relay for distribution networks which acts autonomous setting using the short circuit impedance measured by relay of power systems. Automation of relay setting is one of the basic requirements for distribution automation, although manual relay setting is used at present. The short circuit impedance from a power source in distribution networks essential for the Autonomous Relay Setting changes frequently in distribution networks. In this paper the short circuit impedance is calculated with voltage and current measured in real time operation of digital relay using the Recursive Least Squares. A new method of digital relay setting in introduced using the the short circuit impedance and load current.

      • KCI등재후보
      • 舊韓末開港期朝鮮海關에 관한 硏究 : 顧聘 外國人 海關員의 任免과 勤務狀況을 中心으로 Focused on Employment and Service Activity of Foreign Customs Staffs Invited

        윤광운,김재승 국제무역학회 2004 국제무역연구 Vol.10 No.2

        1883년에 창설된 조선해관에는 1905년 11월 일제가 조선해관을 완전히 장악할 때까지 100여명에 달하는 외국인 해관원이 고빙되어 해관을 운영했다. 이들 중에서 청국해관에서 파견된 해관원도 있으나, 실제 조선현지에서 채용한 인물도 적지 않다. 이제까지 학계의 연구는 관세청장격인 총세무사와 지방 세관장급인 세무사(Commissioner) 소수를 제외하면 실상이 알려진 인물은 거의 없었다. 조선해관에 고빙된 100여명에 달하는 외국인 해관원들이 조선해관 창설이후 22년간 해관운영을 맡아온 운영주체로, 당시 조선재정으로는 과다한 고임금을 받고 있으면서 이들은 과연 조선해관운영에서 자신 직분과 책임을 얼마나 다했는가 하는 문제는 검토가 되어야 할 부분이다. 초기 조선해관연구에서 아직까지도 밝히지 못한 해관관련 규정과 규칙, 각해관의 인사조직, 관세의 징수실태 및 운용, 해관업무와 통관시스템, 그리고 고빙 외국인 해관원들의 역할 등 개항기 해관사와 관련하여 전반적이고 체계적인 연구를 필요로 하고 있다. 본고는 조선해관의 실질적 운영주체인 고빙 외국인 해관원들이 어떻게 조선해관에 와서 어떻게 근무하다가 떠났는가를 중심으로 고찰하여 구한말 개항기 조선해관에서 근무한 이들의 실상을 평가한다. In the while, it is widely known that Korean Customs System was organized by Mollendorff, a German, who had been served in China Maritime Customs. King Kojong invited him in December, 1882 in order to improve Korean political innovation recommended by the Viceroy Li Hung-chang in China. After that, about 100 custom office staffs were invited by Korean Government for establishment of Maritime Customs. They were actually managers and operators of Korean Maritime Customs for 22 years (1883-1905). But they are unknown to us yet how to work and contribute for Korea, excepting Moellendorff, 4 Chief Commissioners(now Director General of the Customs) and some commissioners(now Director General of the local Customs) stationed at open ports in Korea at that time. Many high rank staffs came from China Maritime Customs by the order of Robert Hart, Inspectorate General of China Maritime Customs, but Korean Maritime Customs employed low rank staffs by private employment agreement in Korea. Therefore, we are able to trace relative informations of them who came from China with the Service List officially issued by China Maritime Customs, but it is impossible to find out the service records of low rank class in this records. Even though they received high salary from Korean Maritime Customs, especially high rank class. they supplied various Korean economical informations to their own country, also to China and Japan. Such unfair behavior made one reason that Korea was under the control of Japanese economy from 1905. In this paper, the writer tried to verify that how many foreign custom office staffs were employed by Korea, and where they serviced at local custom office in 8 Korean open ports. In 1902, there were 60 foreign custom office staffs in Korean Maritime Customs such as European 11. Japanese 12 and Chinese 6 in Inchon Custom House ; European 4, Japanese 8 and Chinese 1 in Busan ; European 1, Japanese 2 and Chinese 1 in Wonsan ; European 1 and Japanese 2 in Chinmanpo ; Japanese 1 and Chinese 1 in Kunsan ; European 1, Japanese 2 and Chinese 1 in Mokpo ; European 1 and Japanese 2 in Masanpo ; Japanese 2 in Sungjin. This was 67.4% of total employers. However, they had been really managed and controlled Korean Maritime Customs from 1883 to 1905.

      • 간헐폭기 변법에 의한 질소제거

        유재현,박승조,윤철중 東亞大學校 1999 東亞論叢 Vol.36 No.-

        This study is the removal of nitrogen in the tannery wastewater by modified intermittent aeration process. The experiment was performed with the tannery wastewater of J industry complex located in Pusan. The reactor volume used for experiment was 114.24l as pilot scale. The performance of this process was evaluated by variation of wastewater temperature with 30, 20, 15℃. On operating with wastewater at 30℃ the removal rate of total nitrogen and NH₃-nitrogen were about 93% and 98% respectively. NO₂-nitrogen and NO₃-nitrogen were contained with 20~30mg/L in intermittent and nitrification reactor but those were reduced with 10mg/L in effluent by denitrification bacteria. By the way on operating with wastewater at 20℃ and 15℃ the removal rate of total nitrogen was 97%, 95% respectively. Because of change of operating condition it was prevented the reduction of activity of microorganism temperature down.

      • 바닥판의 모드질량산정에 관한 연구

        김장윤,황재승,홍성목 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.2(구조계)

        Modal mass is essential to analyze structural response under disturbance and to design the vibration control devices used to enhance the serviceability of structure. Modal mass differs from that of analytic mathematical model due to the error generated from analytical assumption and construction. Therefore, the objective of this study is to proposed to calculate the modal mass of structure based on the system identification. And the proposed method is applied to two examples, the single DOF system and the slab of apartment.

      • 산전 태아사망 환자에서의 Mycoplasma hominis와 Viridans streptococcus감염 1예

        김윤숙,문성택,전섭,김종수,최승도,선우재근,배동한 순천향의학연구소 2007 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.13 No.1

        Mycoplasma hominis was isolated from a Bartholin's gland abscess 70 years ago, and ureaplasmas were isolated from the genital tract about 20 years later. Subsequently, reports incriminating mycoplasmas in the known adverse outcomes of pregnancy have been reported. Without doubt these genital mycoplasmas are able to invoke an inflammatory response and take part in the cascade of events that culminate in preterm birth. Amniotic fluid infection results in considerable pregnancy wastage in the pregnancy. In these cases Gram-positive organisms, especially group B streptococcus and Streptococcus viridans were the most common pathogens isolated. In our case, the patient has fever and vaginal discharge at 14+4 weeks gestation and two days after intrauterine fetal death was seen. The vaginal culture and sensitivity shown Mycoplasma hominis and Vihdans streptococcus. We experienced a case of Mycoplasma hominis and Viridans streptococcus infection in a patient with intrautehne fetal death and report with a brief review of literatures.

      • 임신 제 일삼분기와 제 이삼분기 초음파의 태아기형 진단의 유용성에 대한 고찰

        최승도,최규연,이정재,정성윤,이임순,이권해 순천향의학연구소 2003 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.9 No.2

        Objective: Ultrasonographic screening between 9 and 13 weeks for fetal structural abnormalities using transvaginal sonography in unselected population. Visualization of detailed fetal anatomy in the first trimester has improved as a result of technological progress in ultrasound machines and the introduction of transvaginal sonography(TVS). Our study aims to evaluate the accuracy of TVS as a screening tool for detecting fetal malformations in a nonselected population of pregnant women. For this purpose we compared the results obtained by using second trimesster TA scanning with those obtained using TVS at 9-14 weeks' gestation. Methods: From March 2001 to February 2003, 620 unselected consecutive pregnant women were recruited at their initial visit at Soonchunhyang university hospital, department of obstetrics and gynecology and offered a TVS scan at the average gestational age of 9-13 weeks in addition to the TA screening usually performed between 22-26 weeks. To fulfill the technical requirements of a screening test, ultrasonographic examinations were performed by skillful operators with different degrees of experienced using adequate instruments Aloka SSD 5500 (Aloka Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) provided with either a 3.5-5MHz TA probe or a 5-7.5MHZ TV probe) in a fixed scanning time of maximum 30 min, generally considered sufficient for a complete fetal anatomic survey. Results: During the study period we found in our unselected population an overall prevalence of target abnormalities of 2.2%(24 malformed fetuses out of 600 screened). In the fetuses examined by TVS, 16 abnormalities were detected whereas 8 were not; of these, 6 were detected at transabdominal rescreening at 22-26 weeks and the remaining 2 were observed after birth. A nuchal region abnormality was the most frequent type of malformation detected in the early scan, including six cases of nuchal edema, two cases of cystic hygroma associated with hygroma associated with hydrops, three cases of hydronephrosis, one case of fetal neck teratoma, one case of cleft lip. Conclusion: This study has demonstrated the potential of screening a low risk population for fetal abnormalities at 9-13 weeks of gestation using transvaginal sonography and rescreened via transabdominal sonography at 22-26 weeks. Larger studies are required to establish the clinical value of the first trimester scan.

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