정신분열병 환자에서 얼굴 영상의 작동기억 장애 : 기능자기공명영상연구

이창욱,김태석,주라형,박주미,박여진,김종진,전신수,배치운,김정진,이수정,이철,백인호 大韓神經精神醫學會 2005 신경정신의학 Vol.44 No.2

Objectives : Impaired processing of facial information is one of the broad ranges of cognitive deficits seen in patients with Schi-zophrenia. We aimed to elucidate the differences in brain activities involved in the process of facial working memory between schizophrenic patients and healthy comparison subjects. Methods : Twelve patients with schizophrenia were recruited along with twelve demographically matched healthy volunteers as a comparison group. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to assess cortical activities during the Perfor-mance of a 2-back working memory paradigm using images of neutral faces as mnemonic content. Rcsults : The patient group performed the tasks with reduced accuracy. Group analysis revealed that the left fusiform gyrus, the right superior frontal gyrus, the bilateral middle frontal gyri/insula, the left middle temporal gyrus, the precuneus, the quadrangular lobules and the vermis of cerebellum showed decreased cortical activities in the patient group. On the other hand, an increased level of activation in the lateral prefrontal cortex and the pahetal lobule was observed from the patient group, all in the right hemisphere. Conulusion : A decreased level of activity in the left fusiform gyrus among the patient group implicates inefficient processing of facial information. An increased level of activation in prefrontal and parietal neural networks from the patient group confirms earlier findings on the impaired working memory of patients with schizophrenia.

Effects of 17β-estradiol on colorectal cancer development after azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium treatment of ovariectomized mice

Song, Chin-Hee,Kim, Nayoung,Lee, Sun Min,Nam, Ryoung Hee,Choi, Soo In,Kang, So Ra,Shin, Eun,Lee, Dong Ho,Lee, Ha-Na,Surh, Young-Joon Elsevier 2019 Biochemical pharmacology Vol.164 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Estrogen is known to have a protective effect in colorectal cancer (CRC) development. Previously, we reported the anti-inflammatory and antitumorigenic effects of 17β-estradiol (E2) in azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-treated male mice. The aim of this study was to investigate whether ovariectomy in a female AOM/DSS mouse model increases colorectal tumorigenesis and whether tumorigenesis is reduced by estrogen supplementation after ovariectomy. Clinical symptoms and histological severity of colitis and the levels of inflammatory mediators were evaluated in the colon of AOM/DSS-treated ovariectomized (OVX) mice. The levels of E2, myeloperoxidase (MPO), and NF-κB-dependent cytokines (interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6) were measured by ELISA. Furthermore, quantitative real-time (qRT) PCR and Western blot analysis were performed. Ovariectomy did not aggravate AOM/DSS-induced colitis at 2 weeks. At weeks 10 and 16, ovariectomy significantly increased tumor number and incidence rate in only the proximal colon after AOM/DSS treatment (F_AOM/DSS vs OVX_AOM/DSS), and these increases were significantly reduced by E2 supplementation (OVX_AOM/DSS vs OVX_AOM/DSS/E2). However, ovariectomy did not affect CRC development in the distal colon (F_AOM/DSS vs OVX_AOM/DSS). At week 2, E2 administration to AOM/DSS-treated OVX mice attenuated the histological severity of colitis by decreasing the protein and/or mRNA levels of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and NF-κB-related mediators (i.e., COX-2, TNF-α, and IL-6) and by enhancing estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) and nuclear Nrf2 protein expression and the mRNA expression of related antioxidant enzyme genes (i.e., HO-1, GCLC, GCLM, and NQO1). Endogenous estrogen in females protects against the development of proximal colon cancer, and exogenous E2 replacement in OVX female mice showed protective effects against AOM/DSS-induced colitis and carcinogenesis. The mechanism could involve modulating ERs-, NF-κB- and Nrf2-mediated pathways.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

담도결석환자의 총수담관내 담즙에서 세균성장과 β-glucuronidase 활성도

이동기,홍사준,배선우,권상옥,장인호,김미라,강명서,이경원 연세대학교 원주의과대학 1992 원주의대논문집 Vol.5 No.1

시나리오 기반 멀티미디어 프리젠테이션 및 저작 시스템 구현에 관한 연구

이규남,나인호 군산대학교 정보통신기술연구소 2000 情報通信技術硏究論文集 Vol.4 No.-

In this paper, we study about scenario based multimedia presentation in the windows system and implementation of multimedia authoring system. We implement of text, graphic, sound, and video editor to various media editing. First, edited data is useful presentation of scenario. For temporal and spatial composition of multimedia data in scenario editing, we design and implement the time line based visual scenario authoring environment. Second, we use TRSG model to presentation for temporal relationships which is possible user interrupt and synchronization model. We define effect which start time and end time of registered media and output area, so as to simplify control and process. Finally, we analyze that user interrupt, network information and start and end event of Effect to guarantee the QoS of presentation. We propose event monitering based thread processing technique that possible to smoothly operation with passing the message to job module and thread.

비트맵과 벡터방식을 혼합한 새로운 이미지 편집기 구현

김진호,이규남,나인호 국립7개대학공동논문집간행위원회 2001 공업기술연구 Vol.1 No.-

In general, image data can be classified into two types according to their internal representation: one is bitmap, the other is vector. A bitmap image is represented by the two dimensional pixels whereas a vector image is represented by mathematical functions to draw vector objects such as line, rectangle and circle on the two or three dimensional space. With the differences, users have a problem on manipulating both bitmap and vector image at the same time without changing their work space or application. In this paper, we present a method to design and implement a new image editor based on combination of bitmap and vector image.

바이컨티니어스 큐빅상 액정의 생성과 자기조직화

김인영(In-Young Kim),최화숙(Hwa-Sook Choi),이소라(So-Ra Lee),최성호(Seong-Ho Choi) 한국유화학회 2014 한국응용과학기술학회지 Vol.31 No.3

이 연구는 경표피흡수를 위하여 큐빅액정의 자기조직체의 형성에 관한 것이다. 복수 수산기(-OH)를 가지는 친수부에 4개의 메칠 그룹을 가지는 양친매성지질인 diglyceryl phytylacetate (DGPA)를 합성하여 다양한 성능평가를 수행하였다. DGPA의 유화력은 1%의 적은 농도에서도 고 내상의 물을 함유하는 안정한 W/O water-in-oil)에멀젼이 유지되었다. DGPA, dimethicone (2CS), water의 3성분계의 특정영역에서, 안정한 큐빅상의 액정이 형성되었다. 3상 구조도 작성을 통하여 큐빅 액정영역, 헥사고날 영역, 물과 헥사고날이 혼제된 영역, 역미셀 영역을 확인하였고, SAXS (small angled x-ray scattering)분석을 통하여 그 구조를 증명하였다. 화장품의 응용으로, 큐보좀 (cubosome)에 10%의 마그네슘아스코르빌포스페이트, 5%의 피리독신트리헥사데카노에이트를 봉입하여 캡슐화하였다. 큐보좀의 occlusive 효과는 역미셀(reverse micelle)보다 1.7배 우수한 효과를 가졌다. 큐보좀을 분산제인poloxamer를 사용하여 W/O 에멀젼을 만든 것으로부터 큐빅구조의 액정상으로 회복되는 것을 새롭게발견하였다. 따라서, DGPA의 양친매성지질의 특성을 이용하여, 큐빅상의 액정을 형성하는 기재로써 화 장품 산업과 의약품분야에서 경표피흡수제로써 응용이 가능할 것으로 기대된다. This study is to form the self assembly of cubic crystalline phase to penetrate into the skin epidermis. The various performance synthesized diglyceryl phytylacetate (DGPA) having hydroxyl group (-OH) and 4 methyl chains with phytyl group was carried out as an amphoteric lipid such as emulsifying power, self assembly. Emulsifying activity of DGPA was very stabilized on only 1% of small content, it could make a W/O emulsion containing high internal phase incorporated with water. Cubic liquid crystal structure with DGPA on three-phase diagram was formed, when mixed DGPA, dimethicone (2CS), and water. Through three-phase diagram forming the cubic liquid crystal area, hexagonal structure zone, and mixing water phase and hexagonal structure area, reversed micelle area were respectively certified. Its structure was proved by the SAXS (small angled x-ray scattering) analysis. As an application, formation of cubosome containing 10% of magnesium ascorbylphosphate and 5% of pyridoxine tris-hexyldecanoate was encapsulated. Occlusive effect of cubosome had above 1.7 times better than reversed micelle. From using poloxamer of dispersing agent, phase structure recovered from W/O emulsion to cubic liquid crystal phase when storage in 33°C incubator. Therefore, our this study is expected to be as epidermal-dermal skin absorbers in skin care cosmetics and pharmaceuticals industries as raw materials to form a cubic crystal phase through a more in-depth research to DGPA having amphoteric lipid property.

멀티미디어 서버를 위한 슬롯 어드레싱 및 재참조 시간 기반 버퍼링 시스템 설계에 관한 연구

양종운,나인호 군산대학교 정보통신기술연구소 2000 情報通信技術硏究論文集 Vol.4 No.-

This paper is present how to maximize the buffer utilization in fixed amounts of buffer space and disk bandwidth. And, how to use concurrent streams in the multimedia server system to increasing data block's reusing rates. First, buffer sharing scheme that allows multiples to share buffers. Our analysis and preliminary simulation results indicate that buffer sharing could lead to as much as 50% reduction in total buffer space requirements. Second, we use buffer replacements scheme to data sharing, which is data blocks of reading from disk and reuse the data blocks to increasing disk bandwidth. Also, reduce the waiting time when users are request the any video stream in the stored in the multimedia server systems to satisfying real-time constraints and using fixed resource(i.e., buffer space, disk bandwidth and network bandwidth) Finally, we propose the schemes for reduce I/O bandwidth and maximizing the buffer utilizations in multimedia server systems.

EC 정책 발전동향 및 암호화 기법에 관한 연구

나인호 群山大學校 情報通信技術硏究所 1998 情報通信技術硏究論文集 Vol.2 No.-

It is necessary for enhancing electronic commerce on a open network such as Internet to provide users with reliability and safety on it. Encryption technology is a one of the major research fields for protecting informations on EC system against attackers. A standard encryption technology is under the construction by OECD and many countries are going to demand a political and institutional system for enhancing EC globally. In this paper, we survey encryption policies proposed by international organizations and advanced nation. In addition, it gives a direction helping for making a proper domestic encryption policy by which the degree of reliability of informations on EC can be enlarged. Finally, it introduces some applicative technologies based on encryption technologies for realizing EC and analyzes evolution of strategies for EC and Encryption policies currently revised by domestic industries related to EC.

A Comparative Study of the Osteogenic Potentials of rhBMP-2 in Collagen Sponge or Mixed with Porcine Collagen Gel in a Rat Spinal Fusion Model

( Kyoung Ho Moon ),( In Suh Park ),( Mi Ok Lee ),( Hyung Chun Park ),( Chong Oon Park ),( Dong Keun Hyun ),( Hyeon Seon Park ),( Eun Young Kim ),( Kil Whan Kim ),( Byung Hyune Choi ),( So Ra Park ),( 한국조직공학·재생의학회 2009 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.6 No.4

To identify an ideal carrier for rhBMP-2 during spinal fusion surgery, we produced a posterolateral rats lumbar fusion model to compare the bone induction potentials of rhBMP in collagen sponge(CS) and rhBMP-2 mixed with insoluble porcine collagen(PC) gel. Forty Sprague-Dawley rats(350-400 grams) subjected to bilateral lumbar intertransverse process fusion were allocated to CS Groups(Groups 1 to 4) or PC gel Groups(Group 5 to 8). Group 1 animals were implanted with CS and injected with 1 ?g rhBMP-2; Group 2 with CS plus 3 ?g rhBMP-2; Group 3 with CS plus 5 ?g rhBMP-2; Group 4 with CS plus 10 ?g rhBMP-2; Group 5 with PC gel containing 1 ?g rhBMP-2; Group 6 with PC gel plus 3 ?g rhBMP-2; Group 7 with PC gel plus 5 ?g rhBMP-2; and Group 8 with PC gel plus 10 ?g rhBMP-2. Spinal fusion masses were evaluated by manual palpation, radiographic assessment, microcomputer tomographic scanning, and histologically at 8 weeks after surgery. Bone fusion was radiologically confirmed in 50% in Group 3, 66% in Group 4, 16.7% in Group 5, 20% in Group 6, 80% in Group 7, and 100% in Group 8. Treatment with PC gel plus rhBMP-2 resulted in higher spinal fusion rates than CS plus rhBMP-2 based on manual palpation, microCT, and histologic examinations(P < 0.01). In this study, the mixing of gelatin gel and rhBMP-2 resulted in more effective lumbar intertransverse process fusion than injecting collagen containing rhBMP-2.

전남지방 산양유의 성분 및 체세포수의 계절적 변화

김혜라 ( Hye Ra Kim ),정지영 ( Ji Young Jung ),조인영 ( In Young Cho ),유도현 ( Do Hyeon Yu ),신성식 ( Sung Shik Shin ),손창호 ( Chang Ho Son ),오기석 ( Ki Seok Ok ),허태영 ( Tai Young Hur ),정영훈 ( Young Hun Jung ),최창용 ( Chan 한국동물위생학회 2013 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.36 No.4

Consistent information on the chemical composition and its seasonal variation of goat udder half milk is limited in Korea. The objective of this study was to analyze the seasonal variation of the chemical composition of goat milk to take establish various parameters into consideration on the pricing of the goat milk. Variations in chemical composition, somatic cell count (SCC) and bacterial count of 1,038 udder half milk samples from 650 heads raised in 7 farms of Jeonnam province were determined by season. Fat, protein, lactose, non-fat solids, milk urea nitrogen (MUN), pH, SCC and bacterial counts were also analyzed. The average composition of the milk was: fat 3.80±1.36%, protein 3.23±0.80%, lactose 4.39±0.54%, total solids 12.18±1.80%, non-fat solids 8.38±0.80%, and milk urea nitrogen 28.44±5.00 mg/dL. The average pH was 6.81±0.24. The average of SCC and bacterial counts were 2.54±4.60×106 cells/mL and 1.25±3.76×105 CFU/mL, respectively. Chemical composition, pH, SCC and bacterial counts of dairy goat milk varied widely during the lactation period and by season. The fat concentration was the lowest in spring (3.39±1.53%) and the highest in autumn and winter (3.98±1.30% and 3.98±1.48%). Protein concentration was the lowest during summer (2.92±0.48%) and the highest in winter (3.81±0.95%). Lactose concentration was the lowest in autumn (4.24±0.41%) and the highest in spring (4.58±0.35%). The lowest total solid value was obtained in the spring season (11.75±1.80%) which was then increased in winter (12.85±1.96%). Non-fat solid concentration was the lowest in summer (8.07±0.64%) and the highest in autumn (8.94±0.82%). MUN concentration was the highest in summer (8.07±0.64%), and the pH concentration was the highest in spring at 6.93±0.27%. Seasonal variation of SCC and bacterial count were the lowest in spring (0.94±1.54×106 cells/mL and 0.22±0.61×105 CFU/mL, respectively) and was the highest in winter (3.95±7.14×106 cells/mL and 2.23±5.54×104 CFU/mL, respectively).