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( Hyang Mi Mun ),( Nam Surp Yoon ),( Mi Na Kim ),( Jun Hee Woo ),( Soonduck Kim ) 대한임상병리사협회 2009 임상미생물검사학회 발표자료집 Vol.2009 No.-
Background: This study evaluated the clinical characteristics and risk factors associated with community and hospital onset methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CO- and HO-MRSA) isolated from patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Seoul. Methods: The study was carried out on MRSA isolated from clinical specimens of patients admitted into the wards and the intensive care unit in a 2,200-bed tertiary care hospital from January 1st through December 31st, 2007. In order to identify the risk factors associated with MRSA acquisition, the medical records were reviewed. All statistics were computed using SPSS version 14.0. Results: Of the 835 MRSA isolates, 179 (21.4%) were CO-MRSA and 656 (78.6%) were HO-MRSA. Of the 179 CO-MRSA isolates, 6 (3.4%) were community acquired (CA) MRSA. A multiple logistic regression analysis showed that a history of using medical device or antibiotics within 1 year before the isolation of MRSA were significant risk factors for HO-MRSA, and a history of hospitalization within 1 year before the isolation of MRSA was a significant risk factor for CO-MRSA. Analysis on the antibiotics administered within 1 year before the isolation of MRSA showed that levofloxacin, macrolides, 1st generation cephalosporins, 3rd generation cephalosporins, 4th generation cephalosporins, vancomycin, metronidazole, and carbapenem were all significant risk factors for HO-MRSA and that TMP/SMX was a significant risk factor for CO-MRSA. Of the 6 CA-MRSA isolates, 1 (16.7%) was the pathogen responsible for soft tissue infection. No patients died from the CA-MRSA infection. Discussion: MRSA isolated from clinical specimens of patients admitted into the wards and the ICU in a tertiary care hospital was usually HO-MRSA. CO-MRSA and HO-MRSA usually had at least one of the risk factors associated with MRSA acquisition. As for CO-MRSA, it was mainly HACO-MRSA.
Antimicrobial resistance of streptococci isolated from mastitic bovine milk samples in Korea.
Nam, Hyang-Mi,Lim, Suk-Kyung,Kang, Hyun-Mi,Kim, Jae-Myoung,Moon, Jin-San,Jang, Keum-Chan,Joo, Yi-Seok,Kang, Mun-Il,Jung, Suk-Chan AAVLD 2009 Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation Vol.21 No.5
<P>The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial resistance of streptococci isolated from mastitic bovine milk samples. A total of 178 isolates belonging to 6 different Streptococcus species were examined: S. uberis (n = 99), S. bovis (n = 30), S. oralis (n = 24), S. salivarius (n = 13), S. intermedius (n = 7), and S. agalactiae (n = 5). Only 8.9% (16/178) of the isolates were susceptible to all antimicrobial agents tested in this study, and S. agalactiae and S. intermedius isolates were all resistant to at least 1 antimicrobial agent tested. Overall, the most frequently observed resistance was to tetracycline (61.2%), followed by lincomycin (43.2%), gentamycin (35.3%), oxacillin (34.3%), and erythromycin (28.6%). Cephalothin and penicillin were the only antimicrobial agents to which most of the streptococci (>or=92%) were susceptible. Wide differences in the prevalence of resistance are apparent among the individual species: S. salivarius displayed exceptionally high resistance to cephalothin (23.0%) and oxacillin (76.9%) and S. agalactiae (20%) and S. intermedius (14.2%) to penicillin. Streptococcus salivarius and S. agalactiae were all susceptible to erythromycin, but others showed various rates of resistance ranging from 12.5% to 42.8%. Resistance to 3 or more of 7 antimicrobial agents was observed in all species (37.6%, 67/178).</P>
A Study on Teachers’ Training Program in the Future
Hyang-Mi Lee,Mun-Koo Kang,Yong-Myeong Kim 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Software Engineering and Vol.10 No.11
The current circumstances of English education in Korea are undergoing a sudden change due to the dissemination of ICT (information communication technology) and the application of criterion-referenced evaluation in the CSAT (College Scholastic Ability Tests). Catering to this change, this study is supposed to discover the reliable approach of teaching, learning, and evaluation, in which communicative language teaching is expected to be realized, and the proper training course for English teachers. It is the effects of the application of criterion-referenced evaluation in the CSAT, training models for English teachers, the teachers’ competence required in the future, and how to reinforce it has been approached in this study, thereby establishing the desirable direction of training course for English teachers. First, the current evaluation system, norm-referenced evaluation, should be substituted for criterion-referenced evaluation based on the practical analysis on teaching, learning and evaluation. Second, the evaluation should follow the direction; from ‘collective-standardized’ to ‘various-individualized’, from ‘product-centered’ to ‘process-centered’, from ‘traditional paper test’ to ‘various examination via ICT’. Third, based on the analysis on the reality and system of current English teacher training, the training circumstance appropriate for communicative language teaching should be prepared under criterion-referenced evaluation. Fourth, based on the analysis of the reality and the system of current English teacher training, the right direction of training appropriate for the changed paradigm should be established.
Mun, Hye-Yeon,Park, Mi-Ri,Lee, Hyang-Burm,Kim, Kook-Hyung The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2008 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.24 No.1
In August 2006, a severe disease incidence showing mosaic and/or necrotic symptoms on two bell pepper varieties including red-colored 'Special' and yellow-colored 'Fiesta' was observed in a greenhouse located in Gwangyang, Jeonnam province, Korea. To identify causal viruses, total RNAs were extracted from 11 fruit samples with and without symptoms. Specific oligonucleotide primers for Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Pepper mottle virus (PepMoV), Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) and Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) were designed based on the sequences available on GenBank. Database comparisons of the deduced amino acid sequences of each sequence produced 100% and 98% matches with nucleocapsid protein gene of TSWV (Acc. No. ABE11605) and coat protein gene of CMV (Acc. No. DQ018289), respectively, suggesting that the symptoms on bell pepper fruits might be caused by the infection of CMV and TSWV. To our knowledge this is the first report of necrotic as well as mosaic virus disease on bell pepper fruits by the infection of CMV and TSWV in Jeonnam province, Korea.
LC-MS/MS 와 GC-MS/MS 를 이용한 에센셜 오일 중 320종 잔류농약 분석법 개발
오가향 ( Ka Hyang Oh ),박성막 ( Sung Mak Park ),이소민 ( So Min Lee ),정소영 ( So Young Jung ),곽병문 ( Byeong-mun Kwak ),이미기 ( Mi-gi Lee ),이미애 ( Mi Ae Lee ),최성민 ( Sung Min Choi ),빈범호 ( Bum-ho Bin ) 대한화장품학회 2021 대한화장품학회지 Vol.47 No.4
에센셜 오일(essential oil)은 1 개의 단일 식물형 및 식물종이 만들어낸 향이 나는 식물 재료를 물리적인 방법으로 얻어낸 휘발성 물질로 방부, 살균, 항균 효과가 뛰어나 화장품, 향료, 아로마 테라피 치료 등의 목적으로 폭 넓게 사용되고 있다. 에센셜오일은 추출 및 농축과정을 거치게 되는데 이때 재배 과정 중 살포된 농약 또한 추출 및 농축이 됨으로써 인체에 유해할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 에센셜 오일 중 320 종의 잔류농약을 분석하기 위하여 LC-MS/MS와 GC-MS/MS를 이용하였으며 기존의 정제과정인 hexane 대신 freezing 과정을 이용하여 전처리방법을 개선하였다. 에센셜 오일을 분석한 결과 기준치가 설정되어 있지 않은 chlorpyrifos, piperonyl butoxide, silafluofen 성분이 basil oil 및 clove leaf oil에서 검출되었다. 따라서 에센셜 오일에 대한 잔류농약 모니터링이 지속적으로 필요할 것으로 판단된다. Essential oil is a volatile substance obtained by physically obtaining fragrant plant materials made by one single plant and plant species, and is widely used for cosmetics, fragrances, and aroma therapy due to its excellent preservation, sterilization, and antibacterial effects. When essential oil would undergo the extraction and concentration processes, the agricultural chemicals thereof would be extracted and concentrated only to be harmful to the human body. This study analyzes 320 residual agricultural chemicals concentrated in the essential oil, and to this end, LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS are used, while the freezing process is applied instead of the conventional refining process hexane, to improve the preprocessing method. As a result of analyzing the essential oil, such ingredients as chlorpyrifos, piperonyl butoxide and silafluofen have been detected in Basil oil and Clove leaf oil. Hence, it is perceived that the residual agricultural chemicals should continue to be monitored for the essential oil.