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Clinical Research Article : The effect of Low fresh gas flow rate on sevoflurane consumption
( Ho Geol Ryu ),( Ji Hyun Lee ),( Kyung Ku Lee ),( Nam Su Gil ),( Chong Soo Kim ),( Sung Eun Sim ),( Sang Chul Lee ),( Seong Won Min ) 대한마취과학회 2011 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.60 No.2
Background: In an era of medical cost containment, cost-effectiveness has become a major focus in healthcare. The effect of a new policy on the use of low fresh gas flow during maintenance of general anesthesia with volatile anesthetics was evaluated. Methods: The numbers and duration of general anesthesia cases using sevoflurane 5 weeks prior to and 15 weeks after policy implementation were retrieved from the electronic medical records database. The number of sevoflurane bottles consumed was also assessed. The anesthesia hours per bottle of sevoflurane were compared before and after policy implementation. Results: The number of anesthesia hours performed per bottle of sevoflurane increased by 38.3%. The effect varied over time and tended to fade with time. Conclusions: The implementation of a low fresh gas flow rate policy effectively reduces the amount of sevoflurane consumed for the same duration of anesthesia. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2011; 60: 75-77)
임상연구 : 머리의 자세가 우측 쇄골하 중심정맥도관의 위치에 미치는 영향
류호걸 ( Ho Geol Ryu ),이상진 ( Sang Jin Lee ),권정은 ( Jung Eun Kwon ),최주연 ( Ju Youn Choi ),윤승주 ( Seung Zhoo Yoon ),전윤석 ( Yun Seok Jeon ),박재현 ( Jae Hyon Bahk ) 대한마취과학회 2007 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.52 No.6
Background: Confirmation of central venous catheter position with chest X-ray is recommended, but frequently omitted in clinical practice. It was suggested that the head posture during right subclavian catheterization affects the incidence of catheter malposition in infants. We evaluated the influence of the head posture on catheter position during right subclavian catheterization in adults. Methods: Two-hundred and seventy four patients scheduled for thoracic or neuro-surgery requiring central venous catheterization were enrolled. Patients were divided into 3 groups depending on the head posture during catheter insertion: the neutral group (n = 109), the turn away group (n = 72), and the turn toward group (n = 93). The catheter position was confirmed with postoperative chest X-ray. Results: Central venous catheterization was failed in 5 patients. There were no differences in the incidence of catheter malposition and the complications among the 3 groups. Conclusions: The head posture during right subclavian catheterization did not affect catheter malposition and immediate complication rates. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2007; 52: 627~9)
Effect of Antioxidants on Bisphenol-A Exposed Spermatozoa In Vitro
Kyu-Ho Kang,Ki-Uk Kim,Won-Ki Pang,Ki-Jin Kwon,Sae-Han Kang,Amena Khatun,Do-Yeol Ryu,Md Saidur Rahman,Myung-Geol Pang 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2017 발생공학 국제심포지엄 및 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.10
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an industrial chemical widely used to manufacture certain plastics. As a strong endocrine disruptor, BPA is capable of altering cell functions. Exposure to BPA correlated with reduction of motility and fertilization ability of spermatozoa by increasing oxidative stress. Since antioxidants are capable to protect cells from oxidative damage, it may minimize BPA-induced stress to cells. Here, we examine whether exposure of spermatozoa to antioxidants such as glutathione (GSH), vitamin C (Vit C), and vitamin E (Vit E) has any protective effects of BPA-exposed spermatozoa. In this in vitro trials, collected spermatozoa from sexually mature male mice were incubated with BPA and different antioxidants (Control, BPA, BPA+GSH, BPA+Vit C, BPA+Vit E, GSH, Vit C, Vit E) for 6 hours. The doses of BPA and antioxidants were chosen based on preliminary studies (BPA: 100 μM, GSH: 5 mM, Vit C: 100 μM, and Vit E: 2 mM). Following incubation, we detect the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in spermatozoa as a measure of oxidative stress to the cell. Our results showed that antioxidants are capable to protect oxidative stress by ROS in BPA-exposed spermatozoa (p<0.05). Simultaneously, we examine motility parameters and capacitation status of spermatozoa by CASA, and CTC staining, respectively. Strikingly, antioxidants treatment of BPA-exposed spermatozoa was capable to restore sperm motility (p<0.05). However, hyperactivated sperm motility, motion kinematics parameters, and capacitation status of spermatozoa showed no difference between treatments groups. This findings evidence that antioxidants are capable to restore sperm functions from BPA mediated toxicity. Therefore, antioxidants can be considered as therapeutic agents to treat BPA toxicity. However, further studies are needed to confirm our preliminary findings.
인간 시각의 생리학적 측면에서의 관찰을 통한 능동시각 시스템 개발
유연걸(Yeon Geol Ryu),김도형(Do Hyoung Kim),안광호(Kwang Ho An),정명진(Myung Jin Chung) 대한전기학회 2006 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2006 No.7
최근 인간과 유사한 휴머노이드에 대한 연구가 상당히 활발하고 그 영역이 계속해서 확대되고 있는 추세다. 휴머노이드에는 로봇의 몸체 뿐 아니라 머리 부분, 특히 시각 시스템이 매우 중요하다. 본 논문에서는 생리학적인 측면에서 인간의 눈과 목의 운동을 관찰하여 휴머노이드에 적용 가능한 능동 시각 시스템의 기구부 설계 방법을 제안하고 제어 방식을 설명한다. 기존의 팬-틸트 방식의 시각 시스템에 없는 인공 안구의 롤 회전 기능을 추가함으로써, 사람의 시각 시스템과 거의 유사한 동작 영역과 동작 속도를 보이게 된다. 소형 비전센서 모듈을 사용함으로써 시스템의 크기가 줄고 경량화 되었다. DC 모터를 엑츄에이터로 사용함으로써, 위치와 속도 제어가 가능하고, 인간 안구의 단속적 운동을 모사 할 수 있다.
Antioxidants Show a Protective Effects against Bisphenol A Induced Stress on Spermatozoa
Md Saidur Rahman,Kyu-Ho Kang,Sarder Arifuzzaman,Won-Ki Pang,Do-Yeal Ryu,Won-Hee Song,Myung-Geol Pang 한국수정란이식학회 2018 한국수정란이식학회 학술대회 Vol.2018 No.11
Bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine-disrupting chemical, has received tremendous attention in the past few decades because of its detrimental health effects. Growing evidence supports that BPA is capable to alter the reproductive performance of the exposed individual. In spermatozoa, it has been reported that BPA increased oxidative stress by the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), subsequently affects the sperm function, biochemical properties, and fertility. Since antioxidants minimize cellular oxidative stress, therefore may have protective effects against BPA-induced stress. In the present study, we incubated mice spermatozoa for 6 h in a condition that support in vitro fertilization. The sperm incubation media was additionally supplemented with either BPA or BPA together with antioxidants, such as glutathione, vitamin C, and vitamin E. Our results showed that antioxidant significantly decreased the production of ROS that subsequently supports motility and acrosomal integrity of BPA-exposed spermatozoa. Particularly, glutathione and vitamin E inhibit protein kinase-A dependent phosphorylation of sperm proteins subsequently prevented precocious acrosome reaction. In addition, both antioxidants were found to restore fertilization and early embryo development potentiality of BPA-exposed spermatozoa. Therefore, we conclude that antioxidants minimize oxidative stress in spermatozoa in a BPA containing micro-environment, thus avoiding BPA-mediated harmful consequences. The current finding has both theoretical and clinical significance for developing potential remedies of the BPA toxicity.
Effect of Aminopeptidase N on functions and fertility of mouse spermatozoa in vitro
Khatun, Amena,Kang, Kyu-Ho,Ryu, Do-Yeal,Rahman, Md Saidur,Kwon, Woo-Sung,Pang, Myung-Geol Elsevier 2018 Theriogenology Vol.118 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Aminopeptidase N (APN) is defined as a multifunctional enzyme, which regulate cellular physiology of a wide variety of cells in human. Earlier studies reported that mammalian semen shares this common enzyme as a major protein of seminal plasma that has correlation with male fertility, while the regulatory mechanisms of APN in spermatozoa are still far from being well understood. Present study was designed to investigate the role of APN in biological and chemical functions of spermatozoa using an in vitro antagonistic approach. Results showed that lower APN activity in sperm culture medium significantly increased sperm motility and the percentage of high speed spermatozoa and decreased the percentage of slow speed spermatozoa after a dose dependent inhibitor treatment (10, 100, and 1000 μM leuhistin) on epididymal mouse spermatozoa in a capacitating media for 90 min. Both 100 μM and 1000 μM decreased APN activity, while only 1000 μM decreased cell viability and increased PKA activity significantly compared to control. Nonetheless capacitation status, acrosome reaction status, and lactate dehydrogenase activity were not affected. Intriguingly, the treatment affected embryonic development through decreasing tyrosine phosphorylation of proteins and increasing reactive oxygen species levels. Further <I>in silico</I> analysis revealed associated regulatory proteins, which have critical functional role for male fertility.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Inhibition of APN activity in sperm culture medium significantly increased motility. </LI> <LI> Treatments for APN inhibition have decreased APN activity and increased PKA levels. </LI> <LI> Intriguingly, inhibition of APN activity in sperm culture medium had a detrimental effect on early embryogenesis. </LI> <LI> In silico analysis of this enzyme predicted associated regulatory proteins, which have critical functional role in male fertility. </LI> </UL> </P>
Over Expression of Aminopeptidase N has Negative Effect on Boar Fertility
Won-Ki Pang,Kyu-Ho Kang,Ki-Uk Kim,Ki-Jin Kwon,Sae-Han Kang,Amena Khatun,Do-Yeal Ryu,Md Saidur Rahman,Myung-Geol Pang 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2017 발생공학 국제심포지엄 및 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.10
Artificial insemination is a commonly used technology in the porcine industry that directly linked to the genetic upgradation of future progeny and profitable farm management. Therefore, accurate prediction of boar fertility is a matter of paramount importance. Although prediction of semen/sperm fertility using conventional analysis provides a preliminary assumption of male fertility, its practical value is limited. Protein content in the cell provides an important and fascinating insight to the dynamics of cell function. Therefore, the study of protein function in spermatozoa and their corresponding relationship with male fertility might be an excellent alternative tool for more accurate prediction of male fertility. Recently we demonstrated that aminopeptidase N (APN) activity is negatively correlated with motility and fertility of mice spermatozoa. Here, we investigated whether APN is also correlated with the fertility of boar. Spermatozoa were collected from high and low fertility boar based on their field fertility data (average litter size 13.2±0.06 and 11.1±0.14, respectively). Simultaneously, APN levels were examined by Western blotting using the corresponding antibody. In addition, spermatozoa from both fertility groups were examined by conventional semen analysis such as computer assisted sperm analysis (CASA) and chlorotetracycline (CTC) staining. Our data showed a significant higher APN expression in low fertility boar spermatozoa compare to the fertile counterpart (p<0.05). Interestingly, no significant difference was noticed in motility, motion kinematics, and capacitation status between both groups. Based on this findings, it is tempting to speculate that APN activity might directly correlate with boar fertility. Therefore, APN activity in spermatozoa is more accurate and sensitive biomarker for the detection of boar fertility then conventional semen analysis. However, further studies and needed to confirm our initial findings