New Insights into mTOR Signal Pathways in Ovarian-Related Diseases: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Ovarian Cancer

Liu, Ai Ling,Liao, Hong Qing,Li, Zhi Liang,Liu, Jun,Zhou, Cui Lan,Guo, Zi Fen,Xie, Hong Yan,Peng, Cui Ying Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.12

mTOR, the mammalian target of rapamycin, is a conserved serine/threonine kinase which belongs to the phosphatidyl-linositol kinase-related kinase (PIKK) family. It has two complexes called mTORC1 and mTORC2. It is well established that mTOR plays important roles in cell growth, proliferation and differentiation. Over-activation of the mTOR pathway is considered to have a relationship with the development of many types of diseases, including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and ovarian cancer (OC). mTOR pathway inhibitors, such as rapamycin and its derivatives, can directly or indirectly treat or relieve the symptoms of patients suffering from PCOS or OC. Moreover, mTOR inhibitors in combination with other chemical-molecular agents may have extraordinary efficacy. This paper will discuss links between mTOR signaling and PCOS and OC, and explore the mechanisms of mTOR inhibitors in treating these two diseases, with conclusions regarding the most effective therapeutic approaches.

Study on Importance Function for Particle Filter

Liu Lu,Meng Yang,Shu Geng,Shu-fen Wang,Yong-hui Wang 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.10 No.2

As an important nonlinear filter theory, particle filter is a heated issue in domestic and foreign researches. The option of importance density is one of the key steps of particle filter algorithm. The proper option of importance density can minish the negative influence of filter algorithm caused by degeneracy problem. This paper introduces several widely-used options of importance density systemically, and analyzes their features and applied perspectives respectively. The paper also advances a comprehensive method of importance density, analyzes its technical features, explores the adjudgement and improvement of this method based on various performance, and finally puts forward the necessary further study according to the engineer requirements.

Numerical Analysis of Optimization of Scheduling Based on Fisher Fishing Algorithm

Liu Ying-fen 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.9 No.6

In order to obtain the minimum supply and demand scheduling under Cloud manufacturing platform, the fisher fishing algorithm is applied in it. Firstly, the optimization algorithm of fisher fishing is studied. Secondly, the supply and demand scheduling mode under Cloud manufacturing platform is constructed, and the corresponding optimization mathematical model is established. Finally, the simulation results of supply and demand scheduling time is carried out, results show that the fisher fishing algorithm is an effective tool.

Association of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the Prostaglandin-endoperoxide Synthase 2 (PTGS2) and Phospholipase A₂ Group IIA (PLA2G2A) Genes with Susceptibility to Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Liu, Fen,Wei, Wen-Qiang,Cormier, Robert T.,Zhang, Shu-Tian,Qiao, You-Lin,Li, Xin-Qing,Zhu, Sheng-Tao,Zhai, Yan-Chun,Peng, Xiao-Xia,Yan, Yu-Xiang,Wu, Li-Juan,He, Dian,He, Yan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.4

Background: The prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) and phospholipase A2 group IIA (PLA2G2A) genes encode enzymes that are involved in arachidonic acid and prostaglandin biosynthesis. Dysregulation of both genes is associated with inflammation and carcinogenesis, including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). We therefore hypothesized that there is an association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in these genes and susceptibility to ESCC. Methods: We performed a gene-wide tag SNP-based association study to examine the association of SNPs in PTGS2 and PLA2G2A with ESCC in 269 patients and 269 healthy controls from Taihangshan Mountain, Henan and Hebei Provinces, the rural area of China which has the highest incidence of esophageal cancer in the world. Thirteen tag SNPs in PLA2G2A and 4 functional SNPs in PTGS2 were selected and genotyped using a high-throughput Mass Array genotyping platform. Results: We found a modest increased risk of ESCC in subjects with the PTGS2 rs12042763 AA genotype (OR=1.23; 95% CI, 1.00-3.04) compared with genotype GG. For PLA2G2A, a decreased risk of ESCC was observed in subjects with the rs11677 CT (OR=0.51, 95%CI, 0.29-0.85) or TT genotype (OR=0.51, 95%CI, 0.17-0.96) or the T carriers (CT+TT) (OR=0.52, 95%CI, 0.31-0.85) when compared with the CC genotype. Also for PLA2G2A, rs2236771 C allele carriers were more frequent in the control group (P=0.02). Subjects with the GC (OR=0.55, 95%CI, 0.33-0.93) or CC genotype (OR=0.38, 95% CI, 0.16-0.94) or the C carriers (GC+CC) (OR=0.52, 95%CI, 0.32-0.85) showed a negative association with ESCC susceptibility. Conclusions: Our results suggest that PTGS2 and PLA2G2A gene polymorphisms may modify the risk of ESCC development.

부산 내 대학 야외 벤치의 환경을 통한 디자인 개선방안에 관한 연구

류분(Liu, Fen),강재철 (Kang, Jae cheol) 한국디자인리서치학회 2020 한국디자인리서치 Vol.5 No.3

대학 야외 벤치가 대학생들의 개방형 학습 수요를 어떻게 충족시키고 다양화한 학습 형태에 어떻게 적용될 것인가가 시대적 수요에 맞는 새로운 특징이 되었다. 본 논문은 대학 야외 벤치 만족도에 대해 표본 추출하고 설문조사를 실시했다. 첫째, 기존 부산지역 대학에서 표본 추출을 한 뒤 대학 교내의 야외 벤치에 대한 현장 조사를 실시하는 것이다. 둘째, 해당 대학 내 대학생들을 대상으로 설문 조사를 실시하고, 대학생의 이용 경험과 벤치 자체의 특성을 분석한다. 또한 벤치의 위치, 기능과 형태를 분석하고 학교의 지리적 환경과 결합하여, 실제 사례를 도입해 야외 벤치에 존재하는 문제를 파악하며 조사결과를 분석하고 연구한다. 조사 결과에 따르면 자기주도적 학습에 대한 강한 의식과 욕구를 갖고 있는 대학생의 경우 기능과 형태 측면에서 천장, 전원 콘센트, 편안한 등받이 및 쓰기 책상을 추가하는 것이 원한다. 분위기 측면에서 사밀성이 있는 야외 벤치가 더욱 효과적이고 자기주도적 학습에 도움이 될 것이다. 따라서 본 연구 결과는 향후 신설되는 대학 캠퍼스의 야외 벤치에 대한 기본 참고 자료를 제공하자고 한다. How college outdoor benches meet the open learning needs of college students and apply them to diversified learning forms has become a new feature to suit the needs of the times. This paper sampled and conducted a survey on university outdoor bench satisfaction. First, sampling at existing universities in Busan and then conducting on-site surveys of outdoor benches on campus. Second, conduct a survey of university students in question and analyze the university student s experience in use and the characteristics of the bench itself. It also analyzes the location, function, and shape of the bench and combines with the school s geographical environment, introduces actual cases to identify problems existing on outdoor benches, and analyzes and studies the findings. According to the survey results, college students who have a strong consciousness and desire for self-directed learning want to add a ceiling, power outlet, comfortable back and writing desk in terms of function and form. Outdoor benches with privacy in terms of atmosphere will be more effective and helpful for self-directed learning. Therefore, the results of this study are intended to provide basic reference materials for outdoor benches on new university campuses in the future.

Using Thermal Analysis to Investigate Physical Protection from Soil Aggregates under the Long-Term Fertilization Practices

Xiao Fen Liu,Chun Zeng Liu,Tu Sheng Ren 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6

조형성 요소분석을 통한 공공벤치의 문제점분석 및 개선방안에 관한 연구 : 부산 시민공원을 중심으로

류분(Liu, Fen),강재철(Kang, Jae Cheol) 한국디자인리서치학회 2020 한국디자인리서치 Vol.5 No.2

본 연구에서는 부산시민공원 벤치 디자인 조형성 요소에 대한 현황 및 문제점을 파악하기 위해 현장 및 설문 조사를 하였다. 이용자의 주관적 평가와 통계자료에 통한 실증분석한 결과는 벤치 디자인 적용 가능성이 사용가치 요구와 심미적 요구 및 지역문화 요구의 영향을 받는 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구는 세 가지 측면으로 벤치 디자인 적용 가능성이 다양한 이용자에 주는 편안함에 대하여 분석하였다. 첫째, 공원 내에 벤치 디자인 보편성 기준이 다양한 이용자 체험에 대한 적용 가능성 문제를 분석하였다. 즉 어린이, 노인, 장애인 이용자가 벤치 크기, 높이, 등받이에 대한 체험요인이 포함된다. 둘째, 도시 문명구성에 대한 다기능 형태 벤치의 적용 가능성 문제에 대한 분석을 통하여 같은 구역 벤치에 대한 다양한 이용자의 기능요구를 해결하고 도시 문명에 영향을 미치는 비매너 행위를 막는다. 셋째, 벤치 디자인과 전체적인 공간 내 인문환경 사이의 적용 가능성 문제에 대하여, 그리고 벤치와 장소, 테마 문화 사이의 관계에 대하여 분석하였다. 본 연구는 부산 시민공원 이용자 체험 측면에서 벤치 디자인과 이용자 체험요구 사이의 문제점에 대하여 분석함으로써 시민공원 벤치 디자인의 적용 가능성 문제 개선을 위한 이론적 사례를 제시하였다. In this study, the site and surveys were conducted to determine the status and problems of the busan civic park bench design application. The empirical analysis of users subjective evaluation and statistical data found that the possibility of applying bench design is determined by the demand of use value, aesthetic demand and regional cultural demand. This study analyzes the comfortabilities of seat design from three aspects. First, This paper analyzes the possible problems in the application of universal standards for seat design in parks to various user experiences. That is, children, the elderly, disabled users to the seat size, height, backrest experience factors. Second, through the analysis of the applicability of the multifunctional form benches for the composition of urban civilization, it solves the functional needs of various users on the same zone benches and prevents non-manners affecting urban civilization. Third, the applicability between bench design and the humanistic environment in the overall space, as well as the relationship between bench and site and theme culture are analyzed. This study analyzed the problems between bench design and user experience requirements in terms of the experience of busan civic park users, and presented an example for improving the applicability of the civic park bench design.

中國中等敎育における日本語敎科書の政策と現況

유분려 ( Fen Li Liu ) 한국일어교육학회 2012 일본어교육연구 Vol.0 No.24

中華人民共和國成立後の中國の敎科書制度は大まかに國定制、檢定制確立、檢定制發展という三つの時期に分けることができる。現在は檢定制發展の時期を迎え、敎科書の多樣化が實現され、「一綱一本」(一つの指導要領、一つの敎科書)という時代が終わり、多人數、多ル―トの敎科書檢定制度が作られた。これにより、2000年から敎材選擇委員會の構成も整備され、敎育部門の行政リ―ダ―、敎硏員、敎師、保護者などが選擇委員會のメンバ―となり、多視点から敎科書を採用選擇することが求められるようになった。また、2000年から、中國では中等敎育における敎育改革が行われた。「敎學論」と「課程論」に關する議論が行われると同時に、敎育課程の本質に關する檢討も活發になってきた。そうした背景の中で、『全日制義務敎育日語課程標準(實驗稿)』(2001.7)『普通高中日語課程標準(實驗)』(2003.4)が出された。これらには、日本語課程は敎師と生徒の共同活動であること、手段としての言語敎育と敎養としての言語敎育を統合することが日本語課程の性質であること、言語知識、言語技能、文化素養、學習ストラテジ―、感情態度という五つの要素により支えられる總合言語運用能力が日本語學習養成の最終目標であること、が明記された。これらに基づいて、新しい日本語敎科書も作成された。 Since the founding of the People`s Republic of China, the publication of textbooks has seen three phases: the phase when textbooks were produced by the government, the first phase of governmental censorship, and the second phase (or the finer phase) of governmental censorship. Along with the perfection of the governmental censorship system, the diversification of textbooks was realized, and the era of “one curriculum and one set of textbooks” came to an end. Beginning from 2000, the Committee of Textbook Selection, made up mainly of leaders from educational administrative departments, education instructor, teachers and parents, tried to select appropriate textbooks from various perspectives. And beginning from the same year, the curriculum reform of primary education started. The Japanese Curriculum Standards for Full-time Compulsory Education (Experimental draft) (2001) and The Japanese Curriculum Standards for General Senior Secondary Schools (2003) were released in the context of heated discussion about theory of curriculum and instruction. The two standards specify explicitly that Japanese language teaching is an activity that involves both the teacher and the student, and the ultimate objective of Japanese curriculum is to develop the comprehensive performance of students at the following five perspectives: language knowledge, language skills, cultural literacy, learning strategy and emotional attitudes. Thus the compilation of the new set of Japanese textbooks is initiated as a result.

Molecular characterization of novel haplotypes of eIF4E family in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis)

Shuan-Tao Liu,Zhi-Gang Zhang,Qiao-Yun Li,Shu-Fen Wang,Zhi-Zhong Zhao,Jin-Dong Lu,Wen-Ling Xu,Xian-Xian Liu,Wei-Min Fu 한국유전학회 2013 Genes & Genomics Vol.35 No.6

Two genes coding for eukaryotic translation initiation factors, eIF4E.a and eIF4E.c, were isolated from twelve accessions of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis). Polymorphism analysis revealed that 94and 142 polymorphic sites were characterized from allele of BraeIF4E.a and BraeIF4E.c which produced complex haplotype structures. Six novel haplotypes were characterized from the two alleles respectively. Among the six novel haplotypes of BraeIF4E.a, three loss-of-function mutations were identified in which a conserved single nucleotide deletion mutation cause the early termination of BraeIF4E.a coding product; while for six new BraeIF4E.c haplotypes, their coding product show amino acid substitution mutations on non-conservative amino acid residues which might affect TuMV infection in Chinese cabbage.

Self-assembled wide bandgap nanocoatings enabled outstanding dielectric characteristics in the sandwich-like structure polymer composites

Wang Tian-Yu,Li Xiao-Fen,Liu Shu-Ming,Liu Bai-Xin,Liang Xi-Dong,Li Shunning,Zhang Gui-Xin,Liu Jian-Bo,Dang Zhi-Min 나노기술연구협의회 2022 Nano Convergence Vol.9 No.55

Polymer dielectrics are insulators or energy storage materials widely used in electrical and electronic devices. Polymer dielectrics are needed with outstanding dielectric characteristics than current technologies. In this study, the self-assembly of boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs) was applied to form an inorganic–organic nanocoating on various common polymer dielectrics. It is inexpensive and easy to fabricate this thin coating on a large scale. The coating has a wide bandgap and thus can significantly improve the breakdown strength of polymer dielectrics. The charge characteristics and trapping parameters of nano-domains on the surfaces of polymer dielectrics were measured, and the coating had shallow trap levels. This facilitated the dissipation of surface charges and thus greatly increased the flashover voltage. The coating also effectively improved the temperature stability and dielectric constant of the polymer dielectric. This nanocoating shows potential as a method to effectively improve the dielectric characteristics of polymer dielectrics and outperform existing composite polymer dielectrics, which are crucial for large-scale applications in energy storage and power and electronic devices.