CD34+ 조혈 모세포 이식 2례

김정아,정현식,김원석,윤성수,이홍기,박찬형,박성규,김동욱,이종욱,한치화,민우성,김춘추,김동집 대한조혈모세포이식학회 1996 대한조혈모세포이식학회지 Vol.1 No.1

Background: In most solid tumors, the CD34 antigen has not been detected, so positive selection of CD34+ cells may reduce tumor cell contamination and the CD34+ cells are capable of reconstituting hematopoiesis. We tried CD34+ cell transplantation in two patients. Method: CD34+ cells from chemotherapy + G-CSF mobilized PBPCs or bone marrow were positively selected with an avidin-biotin immunoadsorption column (CEPRATE SC system). Case 1. One course of chemotherapy using cyclophosphamide(200㎎/㎡) and etoposide (4.2g/㎡), combined with G-CSF(5㎍/㎏) S.C. was used in a relapsed lymphoma patient. This patient responded to the induction chemotherapy. CD34+ cells from harvested bone marrow were selected by the CellPro immunoadsorption column. The total number of mononuclear cells loaded onto the CellPro was 2.4×10^(8)/㎏, with 1.1% CD34+ cells. After column separation, the total number of positively selected cells was 5.16×10^(6)/㎏. The number of CFU-GM was 76.8×10⁴/㎏. This patient was treated with melphalan (140㎎/㎡) and TBI (1200cGy) and the positively selected CD34+ cells were infused. The time to neutrophil recovery greater than 0.5×10^(9)/L was 19 days and the time to platelet recovery greater than 50×10^(9)/L was 21 days. Case 2. Two courses of mobilizing chemotherapy were given 4 weeks apart using taxol(210㎎/m2) and adriamycin(60㎎/m2), combined with G-CSF(5㎍/㎏) S.C. in a breast cancer patients with 7 axillary node metastasis. CD34+ cells from each single leukapheresis product were selected by the CellPro immunoadsorption column. In the first collection, the total number of nucleated cells was 4.4×10^(8)/kg, with 0.42% CD34+ cells. In the second collection, the total number of nucleated cell was 2.8× 10^(8)/㎏ with 0.43% CD34+ cells. After colum separation, the total numbers of collected cells were 4.0×106/kg and 4.8×10^(6)/kg, the total number of CD34+ cells were 1.2×10^(6)/㎏ and 0.82×10^(6)/㎏. Colonogenic assays of positively selected CD34+ cells gave rise to myeloid erythroid, and multilineage colonies, with a median of 190 CFU-GM, 190 BFU-E, and 164 CFU-GEMM per 1×10³ adsorbed cells, respectively. High-dose chemotherapy with cumulative doses of 40mg/㎡ mitoxantrone, 750mg/㎡ thioptepa, and 1000mg/㎡ carboplatin was administered. Positively selected CD34+ cells were rapidly infused 24 hours after the end of high-dose chemotherapy. The time to neutrophil recovery greater than 0.5×10^(9)/L was 16 days and the time to platelet recovery greater than 50×10^(9)/L was 20 days.

가토의 외상성 슬관절염의 자연적 치유 경과에 대한 고찰

김동헌,장병춘,김상윤,김동혁 건국대학교 의과학연구소 1998 건국의과학학술지 Vol.8 No.-

Articular cartilage is a highly differentiated tissue, lacking a vascular supply and having only limited regenerative capability. It has been well documented that articular cartilage of mature animals has little capacity for repair after traumatic injury. Cuts or other mechanical damage restricted to the cartilage alone do not repair. However, it has been observed both experimentally and clinically that articular defects extending to the subchondral bone eventually are resurfaced with a form of fibrous, fibrocartilagenous or hyaline like cartilagenous tissue. Author's study was designed to evaluate the healing process of osteochondral defect of the knee of rabbit. Partial thickness defect of cartilge and full thickness osteochondral defect of 30 rabbits were made with 3mm diameter of drill-bit. Experimental animals were divided into three groups : 1) Group Ⅰ: Control group 2) Group Ⅱ: Partical cartilage defect group 3) Group Ⅲ: Osteochondral defect group The healing of the defect was assessed at 1weeks, 3weeks, 5weeks, 12weeks after operation by gross and histological examination. The principal findings were as follows. 1. The initial formation of repair tissue was variable, but it ocurred in most cases. 2. In partial cartilage defect group, degenerative change was more severe. 3. There is evidence of healing of small (1-4 mm diameter) but not of large full thickness articular defect. 4. Microscopically, resurfacing of the cartilage holes repaired mainly with fibrocartilage at 5 weeks of injury.

알쯔하이머형 치매와 혈관성 치매환자에서의 ALDH2와 APOE 유전자의 다형성에 관한 연구

김동홍,김영돈,이창화,엄기춘,김은식,윤경식,김동희 대한생물치료정신의학회 2002 생물치료정신의학 Vol.8 No.2

연구목적: 본 연구는 국내 치매환자들을 대상으로 치매발병의 위험요소가 될 수있는 ALDH2와 APOE 유전자형이 어떤 양상으로 나타나는지 알아보기 위하여 시행되었다. 방 법: 충남 부여군에 위치한 부여노인병원에 입원중인 65세 이상의 알쯔하이머형 치매와 혈관성 또는 혼재성 치매환자 59명(남:19, 녀:40)을 대상으로 ALDH2와 APOE 유전자형을 제한효소법에 의하여 조사하였고 치매유형에 따른 유전자형과 대립유전자의 빈도를 비교하였다. 결 과: 1) 알쯔하이머형 치매환자군에서 혈관성 또는 혼재성 치매환자군보다 ALDH2*(-/2)유전자형의 빈도가 높았으나 통계학적으로 의미있는 차이는 없었다. 2) 알쯔하이머형 치매화자군에서 혈관성 또는 혼재성 치매환자군보다 APOE*(-/ε4) 유전자형의 빈도가 높았으나 통계학적으로 의미있는 차이는 없었다. 3) APOE*ε4와 ALDH2*2를 알쯔하이머병의 균등한 위험대립유전자로 가정하고 각 유전자형의 대립유전자의 수를 점수화하여 각 치매환자군의 위험유전자 전체점수를 비교한 결과 알쯔하이머형 치매환자군에서 점수가 더 높게 나왔으나 통계학적으로 의미있는 차이는 없었다. 결 론: 알쯔하이머형 치매환자군에서 혈관성 또는 혼재성치매치매환자군보다 ALDH2*2와 APOE*ε4 대립유전자의 빈도가 높게 나왔으나 통계학적으로 의미있는 차이는 없었다. A study on gene polymorphism of ALDH2 and APOE in patients with alzheimer's disease and vascular or mixed dementia. Objective : This study was designed to investigate gene polymorphism of ALDH2 and APOE, reported the risk factor of Alzheimer's disease, in korean dementia patients. Method : 59 Patients(male:19, female:40) with dementia, aged 65 and older in Buyeo geriatric hospital located in Buyeo-gun, chungnam, were finally included in this study. gene polymorphism of ALDH2 and APOE was typed with polymerase chain reaction in patients with Alzheimer's desease and vascular or mixed dementia. Results : 1) There was no difference in allelic frequency of ALDH2 gene polymorphism between patients with Alzheimer's disease and vascular or mixed dementia. 2) There was no difference in allelic frequency of APOE gene polymorphism between patients with Alzheimer's disease and vascular or mixed dementia. 3) Supposing APOE*ε4 and ALDH2*2 were equal risk allele of Alzheimer's disease, the sum of score by counting each risk allele was higher in patients with Alzheimer's disease than vascular mixed dementia, however there was no significant difference. Conclusion : The genotype frequency of ALDH2*(-/2) and APOE*(-/ε4) was higher in patients with Alsheimer's disease than vascular or mixed dementia, however there was no significant difference in allelic frequency of gene polymorphism of ALDH2 and APOE between patients with Alzheimer's disease and vascular or mixed dementia.

Fractal을 이용한 多孔質 硅素의 微細孔 形成 課程에 관한 硏究

김영유,최동희,류지욱,홍사용,이춘우 公州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1997 自然科學硏究 Vol.6 No.-

단결정 실리콘(P형)을 양극 산화반응으로 다공질 규소를 제작하고 AFM과 이차원 DLA 모델을 사용한 컴퓨터 모의 실험으로 표면구조를 조사했다. 컴퓨터 모의 실험에는 양공의 확산거리 D를 변수로 사용했다. AFM 측정 자료와 컴퓨터 모의 실험을 비교해본 곁과 전하 밀도 lmA/cm2에 해당하는 확산거리는 약 100nm였으며 그 때 프랙털 차원은 1.85였다. 또한 반응전류 10 mA/cm2에 해당하는 확산거리는 약 150nm의 결과가 얻어졌으며 그 때의 프랙탈 차원은 1.75이다. 이러한 컴퓨터 모의 실험 결과와 AFM을 통하여 관찰한 p-PS의 표면 구조를 비교해보면 양극 반응 전류와 양공의 확산 길이는 비례 관계가 있다. Surface structures of porous silicon are investigated by AFM and a qualitative theoretical model based on 2 dimensional DLA model is used to explain their fractal structures. The diffusion length L is used as a starting parameter, which sets the distance of a hole which can reach to a tip of a pore. The best result is obtained when the diffusion length was 100 nm (200 lattice distance). In this condition, the average pore distance is about 650nm, which corresponds to lmA/cm2 current density in the experiments and its fractal dimension is 1.85. Our results verify that a diffusion length L is proportional to the current density used in an experiment.

林業生産이 國民經濟에 미치는 影響

金東春,白乙善 全南大學校 農漁村開發硏究所 1982 農業科學技術硏究 Vol.17 No.1

우리나라의 山林面積은 國土의 約67%를 차지하고 있으나 그의 生産은 微微하여 國民總生産額에 對하여 約1.1%, 第1次 産業生産額에서 차지하는 比重 또한 約5.7% 程度에 不過하다. 그러나 이는 林業生産中 直接 얻어지는 所得만을 가지고 말한 것이며 林産物의 大部分은 原材料로서 他關聯産業에 利用되므로서 그의 迂廻的 生産過程을 通해 얻어지는 附加價値 卽 誘發生産이 더욱 重要한 것이다. 그럼에도 不拘하고 이 때까지 林業生産을 論할 때에는 木材等 林産物의 生産 卽 直接的 生産만 가지고 論及하였지 이 誘發生産에 對하여는 何等 言及된바 없다. 그러므로 韓國銀行에서 發表한 1975年의 産業關聯表를 가지고 林業生産物이 他産業의 原料로서 利用되어 誘發되는 誘發生産額을 計算해 보았다. 1. 木材等 林産物을 他産業이 原材料로 直接 利用하므로서 附加價値를 增大시키는 第1次 林業依存率은 農業이 10.31%, 水産業 2.11%, 鑛業 14.93%, 製造業 1.53%, 建設業 1.02%로서 全體的으로 3.37%이다. 이로 因한 林業誘發生産額은 327,826百萬원으로써 林業의 直接生産額 137,000百萬원의 2.39倍가 된다. 2. 林産物을 直接 原材料로 하여 生産된 生産物이 다시 加工되어 보다 高度의 製品을 産出하므로서 얻어지는 附加價値增大率 卽 第2次 林業依存率은 農業 7.86%, 水産業 5.52%, 鑛業 10.97%, 製造業 0.67%, 建設業 1.06%로서 全體的으로 3.62%이다. 이로 因한 第2次 林業誘發生産額은 198,795百萬원이다. 3. 第3次産業의 林業依存率은 極히 微微하여 0.03%에 不過하며 이로 因한 誘發生産額은 1,325百萬원이다. 總括的으로 볼 때 第1次産業의 林業依存率은 19.39%, 第2次 産業은 2.17%, 全體的으로 5.42%이다. 이 中 特히 林業에의 依存率이 높은 産業은 鑛業이며 25.90%, 農業이 18.18%이다. 이로 因해 林業의 直接所得이 1975年에 137,000百萬원, 國民所得에 對한 構成費는, 1.41%이던 것이 林業으로 因한 誘發生産額까지를 包含시킨 林業總生産額은 526,621百萬원으로서 國民所得에 대한 構成比는 5.42%라는 높은 比重을 차지하게 된다. 4. 이 計算에는 旱水害防止, 土砂流出防止, 水資源涵養 및 國土保全, 國民의 休養, 情緖, 保健維持增大 等 山林이 갖고있는 無形的인 效果는 全然 計算에 넣지 않는 것이다. 5. 이와 같이 林業이란 産業은 그의 直接所得보다는 誘發生産效果가 極히 크며 國民經濟에 미치는 影響도 大端히 큰 産業이다. Total area of forest land accounts for some 67 per cent of total land in Korea, but its productivity, is very low. Consequently, forest production accounts for only about 1.1 per cent of the gross national products and a minor proportion of no more than about 5.7 per cent versus primary industry. In this case, however, only the direct income from forestry, is taken into account without a reference to the forestry output induced by other industrial sectors. However the value added or the induced forestry output in manufacturing the primary wood products into higher quality products makes a larger contribution to thi economy than the direct contribution of forestry. So this author has tried to analyze the structure of forestry and calculate the induced effect and output of primary forest products when utilized by other industries for their raw materials, using the input-output tables for 1975 issued by the Bank of Korea. Generally speaking, the ratio of dependency on forestry averaged about 5.42% between 19.39 per cent in primary industries and 2.7% in secondary industries. And especially, the mining industry reveals the heaviest rate of dependency on forestry with 25.90 per cent. As a result the direct forestry income valued at only 137,000 million won, if the induced outcome is taken into account, the total forestry production was estimated at 526,621 million won, and reached about 3.8 times as much as the direct forestry income. It is further noted that the ratio of the gross forestry product to the gross national product rose significantly from 1.41% to 5.42%. In calculating the above-mentioned ratio such intangible, indiret effects not taken into consideration. In conclusion, I would like to emphasize that the forestry sector demonstrate an important effect upon the national economy and that the effects of induced forestry output is greater than its direct income.

消化管 惡性腫瘍의 臨床的 觀察

金東俊 梨花女子大學校 韓國生活科學硏究院 1976 韓國生活科學硏究院 論叢 Vol.17 No.-

본 논문에서 이루어진 臨床的 觀察는 20世記의 宿題이며 人類의 念願인 惡性腫瘍의 該斷, 治療 그리고 그 代價로 획득되는 생명연장과 고통제거의 목적을 위한 하나의 基礎資料分析이었으며, 이 중에서도 韓國人에게서 가장 많은 頻度를 보여 주고 있는 癌이며, 消化管의 惡性腫瘍을 代表하는 胃癌을 筆頭로 하여 그 臨床像을 分析하여 國內外의 文獻을 考察하여 아울러 比較하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 內科 外來에서 가장 흔한 主訴가 莫然한 腹部 不快感, 消化不良, 心窩部 疼痛, 그리고 體重減少인데 着眼하여 消化管의 惡性腫瘍의 臨床像과 主觀的 病歷의 連關性을 찾아 一般醫 또는 外來醫의 臨床的 診斷에 도움을 주어 初期診斷의 始點이 되도록 하고자 함이 었다. 結論的으로 成人 男子에게서 女子보다 더 많은 發生頻度를 보이며 그 好發年齡은 50세∼69세였다. 또 主訴는 胃癌의 경우 주로 消化器管의 主訴의 순서와 一致하였으며 消化管 惡性腫瘍은 다른계통의 惡性腫瘍中 白血病과 子宮癌을 제외하고는 가장 높은 빈혈과 出血性 傾向을 보였다. 以上 主로 臨床診療上 參考가 될 수 있으며 癌硏究의 基礎資料로서 本 觀察은 遂行되었다. The clinical observation on 169 patients with malignant neoplasms of the digestive tract diagnosed at the Ewha Medical Center from 1970 to 1975 was oerformed, and we have the following results. 1. Of the 169 cases, 102 were males and 67 females. The most common age group was 50-69 years. 2. The most frequent metastasis occurred from stomach to the liver. 3. The most frequent subjective complaint was indigestion with discomfortness of stomach, followed by epigastric pain and weight loss. 4. The above three chief complaints were mainly noted in stomach cancer, and then in hepatoma.

공용주차장 시공성평가 프로세스에 관한 연구

김춘우,김태삼,정동욱,김대석,현창택 대한건축학회 2000 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.20 No.2

As public facilities, public parking buildings are built with tremendous resource investments socio-nationally, and its outcomes affect general public's interests, much more near environments. Public parking building projects have been implemented focusing on how its initial costs could be economical. With literature reviews and expert interviews, elements affecting the construction type of public parking buildings were selected. The comprehensive constructability evaluation process which could be practical in the field is proposed through the classification of evaluation criteria influencing t#e constructability of public parking buildings and sequential evaluation process which modified the analytic hierarchical process. AHP was used as a basis of comprehensive constructability evaluation system, and vector nomalization and linear transformation in multi-criteria decision making technique were applied to each evaluation attributes to select the optimal alternative of public parking buildings.

교사가 지각한 유아교육기관의 조직문화와 조직효과성과의 관계 연구

김동춘 서울여자대학교 1998 아동연구 Vol.2 No.-

[초록 없음]

예측기반 RED 알고리즘

김복심,김동춘,김대영,안기중 제주대학교 공과대학 첨단기술연구소 2001 尖端技術硏究所論文集 Vol.12 No.2

In Internet, the management of traffic congestion involves the policy which drops a packet in advance. In this case, router drops one or more packets to improve the network performance before when its output buffer becomes full. RED(Random Early Detection) is a good example for this technique. A new congestion avoidance algorithm, predictive RED is proposed to estimate the queue length variation and applied to the packet drop probability to control the traffic congestion proactively. And it showed me it can improve the performance by simulation.

고비중 척추마취시 필첨바늘의 출구방향이 신경차단범위와 차단기간에 미치는 영향

김동연,김종학,이춘희 대한마취과학회 1996 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.31 No.5

Background: The endogenous and exogenous factors influence the distribution of local anesthetic solutions within the subarachnoid space. This study was designed to examine the influence of direction of pencil-point tip needle sideport using a 25 gauge Whitacre needle(Vygon, France). Methods: Thirty adult male patients undergoing orthopedic, urologic or anal surgery were divided randomly into two groups according to the direction of the needle sideport(cephalad or caudad). Intrathecal anesthesia were performed with 10mg of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine. The technique was typically performed using a midline approach at L4-5 interspace in the lateral decubitus position and the patients were turned to supine position immediately after the block. After the injection, we registered the segmental spread of analgesia(pin-prick). Duration of block(two segment regression time) and degree of motor block(Bromage scale) were measured. Results: There were no significant differences in onset time to maximal level of sensory and motor block, two segment regression time between groups. Mean maximal sensory level was T6.1± 1.6 for the cephalad group vs T7.0±1.8 for the caudad group, but no statistical significance was found. Conclusions: This study suggests that needle sideport direction of Whitacre needles does not significantly influence extent and duration of hyperbaric spinal anesthesia.