Improved prediction of high impact weather

David Parsons 한국기상학회 2013 한국기상학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2013 No.4

Evaluation of a Nutrition Model in Predicting Performance of Vietnamese Cattle

Parsons, David,Van, Nguyen Huu,Malau-Aduli, Aduli E.O.,Ba, Nguyen Xuan,Phung, Le Dinh,Lane, Peter A.,Ngoan, Le Duc,Tedeschi, Luis O. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2012 Animal Bioscience Vol.25 No.9

The objective of this study was to evaluate the predictions of dry matter intake (DMI) and average daily gain (ADG) of Vietnamese Yellow (Vang) purebred and crossbred (Vang with Red Sindhi or Brahman) bulls fed under Vietnamese conditions using two levels of solution (1 and 2) of the large ruminant nutrition system (LRNS) model. Animal information and feed chemical characterization were obtained from five studies. The initial mean body weight (BW) of the animals was 186, with standard deviation ${\pm}33.2$ kg. Animals were fed ad libitum commonly available feedstuffs, including cassava powder, corn grain, Napier grass, rice straw and bran, and minerals and vitamins, for 50 to 80 d. Adequacy of the predictions was assessed with the Model Evaluation System using the root of mean square error of prediction (RMSEP), accuracy (Cb), coefficient of determination ($r^2$), and mean bias (MB). When all treatment means were used, both levels of solution predicted DMI similarly with low precision ($r^2$ of 0.389 and 0.45 for level 1 and 2, respectively) and medium accuracy (Cb of 0.827 and 0.859, respectively). The LRNS clearly over-predicted the intake of one study. When this study was removed from the comparison, the precision and accuracy considerably increased for the level 1 solution. Metabolisable protein was limiting ADG for more than 68% of the treatment averages. Both levels differed regarding precision and accuracy. While level 1 solution had the least MB compared with level 2 (0.058 and 0.159 kg/d, respectively), the precision was greater for level 2 than level 1 (0.89 and 0.70, respectively). The accuracy (Cb) was similar between level 1 and level 2 (p = 0.8997; 0.977 and 0.871, respectively). The RMSEP indicated that both levels were on average under-or over-predicted by about 190 g/d, suggesting that even though the accuracy (Cb) was greater for level 1 compared to level 2, both levels are likely to wrongly predict ADG by the same amount. Our analyses indicated that the level 1 solution can predict DMI reasonably well for this type of animal, but it was not entirely clear if animals consumed at their voluntary intake and/or if the roughness of the diet decreased DMI. A deficit of ruminally-undegradable protein and/or a lack of microbial protein may have limited the performance of these animals. Based on these evaluations, the LRNS level 1 solution may be an alternative to predict animal performance when, under specific circumstances, the fractional degradation rates of the carbohydrate and protein fractions are not known.

The Effect of Thermal Treatment on the Morphology and Structure of SnO2/TiO2 Composite Micro-fibers

David Sanchez,Jason Parsons,Mataz Alcoutlabi 한국섬유공학회 2023 Fibers and polymers Vol.24 No.10

Tin oxide and titanium oxide (SnO2/TiO2) composite fibers were prepared from polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)/SnO2/TiO2 precursor solutions with different SnO2 to TiO2 ratios of 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, and 3:2. The precursor fibers were thermally treated using different heating rates to prepare SnO2/TiO2 fibers with micro-belt morphology. The characterization of the SnO2/TiO2 composite fibers was performed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The SEM images showed that the fibers were flat and had micron-sized diameters. EDS mapping of the precursor fibers showed the fibers to have a distribution of Sn and Ti throughout the surface with areas of high concentration of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen. The XRD, XPS, and Raman data confirmed the presence of SnO2/TiO2. Initial electrochemical testing of Li-ion half cells, using SnO2/TiO2 as anode material, showed the composite fibers with different ratios to have higher specific capacity and slower anode pulverization than SnO2. The results reported in this work showed that SnO2/TiO2 composite fibers with micro-belt morphology could be achieved, and the synthesis was susceptible to both the temperature ramp rate during calcination of the precursor fibers and the SnO2 to TiO2 ratio in the composite fibers.

12CO J=3-2 High-Resolution Survey(COHRS) of the Galactic Plane: Full Data Release

Geumsook Park,Malcolm Currie,Holly Thomas,Erik Rosolowsky,Jessica Dempsey,Kee-Tae KimP,Andrew Rigby,Yang Su,David Eden,Dario Colombo,Harriet Parsons,Toby Moore 한국천문학회 2022 天文學會報 Vol.47 No.2

Open Access : Effect of concentrate supplementation on nutrient digestibility and growth of Brahman crossbred cattle fed a basal diet of grass and rice straw

( Do Van Quang ),( Nguyen Xuan Ba ),( Peter T. Doyle ),( Dau Van Hai ),( Peter A. Lane ),( Aduli Eo Malau-aduli ),( Nguyen Huu Van ),( David Parsons ) 한국동물자원과학회(구 한국축산학회) 2015 한국축산학회지 Vol.57 No.35

Background: An experiment was conducted in Vietnam to test the hypothesis that total dry matter (DM) intake and liveweight (LW) gain would increase in a curvilinear manner with increasing amounts of concentrate offered. Method: There were five treatments: a basal diet of Guinea grass fed at 1 % of LW and rice straw fed ad libitum (T0), or this diet supplemented with concentrate at 0.6 (T1), 1.2 (T2), 1.8 (T3), or 2.4 % of LW (T4). The concentrate comprised locally available ingredients, namely cassava chips, rice bran, crushed rice grain, fishmeal, salt, and urea, mixed manually. Results: Concentrate intake increased from T0 to T3, but there was no difference in concentrate intake between T3 and T4. Total feed intake increased in a curvilinear manner from 4.0 to 6.4 kg DM/d as the quantity of concentrate consumed increased. The substitution of concentrate for grass and rice straw increased with increasing consumption of concentrate and was as high as 0.49 kg DM reduction per kg of concentrate consumed. LW gain increased curvilinearly, with significant differences between T0 (0.092 kg/d), T1 (0.58 kg/d) and T2 (0.79 kg/d); but there were no significant differences in LW gain between T2, T3 (0.83 kg/d) and T4 (0.94 kg/d).With increasing amount of concentrate in the diet, the digestibilities of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, and crude fat increased, but NDF digestibility decreased. Conclusion: Based on these results, young Vietnamese Brahman-cross growing cattle will respond to a locally-sourced concentrate mix offered at a level of up to 1.2 % of LW.

Effect of concentrate supplementation on nutrient digestibility and growth of Brahman crossbred cattle fed a basal diet of grass and rice straw

Do, Van Quang,Nguyen, Xuan Ba,Doyle, Peter T.,Dau, Van Hai,Lane, Peter A.,Malau-Aduli, Aduli EO,Nguyen, Huu Van,Parsons, David Korean Society of Animal Science and Technology 2015 한국축산학회지 Vol.57 No.9

Background: An experiment was conducted in Vietnam to test the hypothesis that total dry matter (DM) intake and liveweight (LW) gain would increase in a curvilinear manner with increasing amounts of concentrate offered. Method: There were five treatments: a basal diet of Guinea grass fed at 1 % of LW and rice straw fed ad libitum (T0), or this diet supplemented with concentrate at 0.6 (T1), 1.2 (T2), 1.8 (T3), or 2.4 % of LW (T4). The concentrate comprised locally available ingredients, namely cassava chips, rice bran, crushed rice grain, fishmeal, salt, and urea, mixed manually. Results: Concentrate intake increased from T0 to T3, but there was no difference in concentrate intake between T3 and T4. Total feed intake increased in a curvilinear manner from 4.0 to 6.4 kg DM/d as the quantity of concentrate consumed increased. The substitution of concentrate for grass and rice straw increased with increasing consumption of concentrate and was as high as 0.49 kg DM reduction per kg of concentrate consumed. LW gain increased curvilinearly, with significant differences between T0 (0.092 kg/d), T1 (0.58 kg/d) and T2 (0.79 kg/d); but there were no significant differences in LW gain between T2, T3 (0.83 kg/d) and T4 (0.94 kg/d).With increasing amount of concentrate in the diet, the digestibilities of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, and crude fat increased, but NDF digestibility decreased. Conclusion: Based on these results, young Vietnamese Brahman-cross growing cattle will respond to a locally-sourced concentrate mix offered at a level of up to 1.2 % of LW.