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Effect of Acute Phase Pain Control Using TENS on Pain Relief in Knee Osteoarthritis in a Rat Model
( Chang-da Chen ),( Seung-kyu Kim ),( Gak Hwangbo ) 대한물리의학회 2021 대한물리의학회지 Vol.16 No.3
PURPOSE: This study examined the influence of treadmill exercise with initial pain control using transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on induced pain of knee osteoarthritis in rats. METHODS: Thirty adult male Sprague - Dawley rats were divided randomly into the TENS Group (TG, n = 10), Treadmill Exercise Group (TEG, n = 10), and Treadmill with TENS Group (TTG, n = 10). In the TG, TENS was performed for 20 min per day for two weeks with a TENS program at the knee joint. The TEG performed treadmill exercise 15 m/min for 20 min per day for two weeks. The TTG performed initial pain control by TENS program during the 1st ~ 3rd days, and treadmill exercise was performed using the TEG methods from the 4th day. The lumbar spine was extracted and processed using western blot analysis to evaluate pain (c-fos expression). RESULTS: The results showed that c-fos expression was decreased significantly in all groups after each intervention (p < .05). In particular, TTG produced the most significant decrease compared to the other groups. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that treadmill exercise with initial pain control using TENS is a suitable method for relieving pain in knee osteoarthritis.
Hsiu-Chen Chang,Chin-Song Lu,Wei-Da Chiou,Chiung-Chu Chen,Yi-Hsin Weng,Ya-Ju Chang 대한신경과학회 2018 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.14 No.2
Background and Purpose The effects of high-intensity cycling as an adjuvant therapy forearly-stage Parkinson’s disease (PD) were highlighted recently. However, patients experience difficultiesin maintaining these cycling training programs. The present study investigated the efficacyof cycling at a mild-to-moderate intensity in early-stage PD. Methods Thirteen PD patients were enrolled for 16 serial cycling sessions over a 2-month period. Motor function was assessed using the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale part III(UPDRS III) and Timed Up and Go (TUG) test as primary outcomes. The Montreal CognitiveAssessment (MoCA), modified Hoehn and Yahr Stage (mHYS), total UPDRS, Falls EfficacyScale, New Freezing of Gait Questionnaire, Schwab and England Activities of Daily Living, 39-item Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire, Patient Global Impression of Change, and gait performancewere assessed as secondary outcomes. Results The age and the age at onset were 59.67±7.24 and 53.23±10.26 years (mean±SD), respectively. The cycling cadence was 53.27±8.92 revolutions per minute. The UPDRS III scoreimproved significantly after 8 training sessions (p=0.011) and 16 training sessions (T2) (p=0.001) in the off-state, and at T2 (p=0.004) in the on-state compared to pretraining (T0). TheTUG duration was significantly shorter at T2 than at T0 (p<0.05). The findings of MoCA, totalUPDRS, double limb support time, and mHYS (in both the off- and on-states) also improvedsignificantly at T2. Conclusions Our pioneer study has demonstrated that a low-intensity progressive cycling exercisecan improve motor function in PD, especially akinesia. The beneficial effects were similarto those of high-intensity rehabilitation programs.
PD-L1 inhibits acute and chronic pain by suppressing nociceptive neuron activity via PD-1
Chen, Gang,Kim, Yong Ho,Li, Hui,Luo, Hao,Liu, Da-Lu,Zhang, Zhi-Jun,Lay, Mark,Chang, Wonseok,Zhang, Yu-Qiu,Ji, Ru-Rong NATURE AMERICA 2017 NATURE NEUROSCIENCE Vol.20 No.7
<P>Programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) is typically produced by cancer cells and suppresses immunity through the receptor PD-1 expressed on T cells. However, the role of PD-L1 and PD-1 in regulating pain and neuronal function is unclear. Here we report that both melanoma and normal neural tissues including dorsal root ganglion (DRG) produce PD-L1 that can potently inhibit acute and chronic pain. Intraplantar injection of PD-L1 evoked analgesia in naive mice via PD-1, whereas PD-L1 neutralization or PD-1 blockade induced mechanical allodynia. Mice lacking Pd1 (Pdcd1) exhibited thermal and mechanical hypersensitivity. PD-1 activation in DRG nociceptive neurons by PD-L1 induced phosphorylation of the tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1, inhibited sodium channels and caused hyperpolarization through activation of TREK2 K+ channels. PD-L1 also potently suppressed nociceptive neuron excitability in human DRGs. Notably, blocking PD-L1 or PD-1 elicited spontaneous pain and allodynia in melanoma-bearing mice. Our findings identify a previously unrecognized role of PD-L1 as an endogenous pain inhibitor and a neuromodulator.</P>
Zebrafish Dnd protein binds to 3`UTR of geminin mRNA and regulates its expression
( Shu Chen ),( Mei Zeng ),( Hua Qin Sun ),( Wen Qian Deng ),( Yi Lu Lu ),( Da Chang Tao ),( Yun Qiang Liu ),( Si Zhong Zhang ),( Yong Xin Ma ) 생화학분자생물학회 (구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2010 BMB Reports Vol.43 No.6
Dnd (dead end) gene encodes an RNA binding protein and is specifically expressed in primordial germ cells (PGCs) as a vertebrate-specific component of the germ plasma throughout embryogenesis. By utilizing a technique of specific nucleic acids associated with proteins (SNAAP), 13 potential target mRNAs of zebrafish Dnd (ZDnd) protein were identified from 8-cell embryo, and 8 target mRNAs have been confirmed using an RT-PCR analysis. Of the target mRNAs, the present study is focused on the regulation of geminin, which is an inhibitor of DNA replication. Using electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), we demonstrated that ZDND protein bound the 67-nucleotide region from 864 to 931 in the 3`UTR of geminin mRNA, a sequence containing 60.29% of uridine. Results from a dual-luciferase assay in HEK293 cells showed that ZDND increases the translation of geminin. Taken together, the identification of target mRNA for ZDnd will be helpful to further explore the biological function of Dnd in zebrafish germ-line development as well as in cancer cells. [BMB reports 2010; 43(6): 438-444]
Simulation Analysis of Tire Inflation Pressure Loss under Synergy of Temperature and Oxidation
Liang Chen,Sun Dong Hui,Li Chang Da,Ji Liu,Ma Te,Gao Zhi 한국자동차공학회 2023 International journal of automotive technology Vol.24 No.3
The functions of the tire can be fully performed only under the appropriate inflation pressure. Tire inflation pressure loss rate (IPLR) is an important indicator used to evaluate tire inflation pressure retention performance. When the tire is under a rolling state, the temperature will increase leading to an accelerated oxidation process. Standard tire IPLR test is costly and time-consuming. In order to simulate the tire IPLR under the steady rolling state, the permeability parameters of rubbers and rubber-cord components (belts & carcass) are tested. Moreover, the oxidation reaction is coupling with the IPLR model based on the basic autoxidation scheme (BAS). The simulation results show that the IPLR of the tire under rolling state increases obviously. A novel calculation method of rubber oxygen consumption is proposed and applied to the oxygen consumption of different parts of the tire. Two approaches are adopted to reduce tire IPLR based on the innerliner structure design. This simulation method can predict tire IPLR not only under steady rolling state but also under static state and even under tire aging condition in oven. It also provides an important model basis for tire aging and life prediction research in the future.
Fair Peer Assignment Scheme for Peer-to-Peer File Sharing
( Chih-lin Hu ),( Da-you Chen ),( Yi-hsun Chang ),( Yu-wen Chen ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2010 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.4 No.5
The reciprocal virtue of peer-to-peer networking has stimulated an explosion of peer population and service capacity, ensuring rapid content distribution in peer-to-peer networks. Critical issues such as peer churn, free riding, and skewed workload significantly affect performance results such as service agility, fairness, and resource utilization. To resolve these problems systematically, this study proposes a peer assignment scheme that supports fair peer-to-peer file sharing applications. The proposed scheme exploits the peer duality of both server-oriented peer capacity and client-oriented peer contribution. Accordingly, the system server can prioritize download requests and appropriately assign server peers to uploading file objects. Several functional extensions, including peer substitution and elimination, bandwidth adjustment, and distributed modification, help cope with subtle situations of service starvation and download blocking, and hence make the system design robust and amenable. Simulation results show this design is examined under both centralized and distributed peer-to-peer environments. Performance results confirm that the proposed mechanisms are simple but effective in maintaining service agility and fairness, without loss of overall service capacity in peer-to-peer files sharing systems.
Effects of post anneal for the INZO films prepared by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis
Lan, Wen-How,Li, Yue-Lin,Chung, Yu-Chieh,Yu, Cheng-Chang,Chou, Yi-Chun,Wu, Yi-Da,Huang, Kai-Feng,Chen, Lung-Chien Techno-Press 2014 Advances in nano research Vol.2 No.4
Indium-nitrogen co-doped zinc oxide thin films (INZO) were prepared on glass substrates in the atmosphere by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis. The aqueous solution of zinc acetate, ammonium acetate and different indium sources: indium (III) chloride and indium (III) nitrate were used as the precursors. After film deposition, different anneal temperature treatment as 350, 450, $550^{\circ}C$ were applied. Electrical properties as concentration and mobility were characterized by Hall measurement. The surface morphology and crystalline quality were characterized by SEM and XRD. With the activation energy analysis for both films, the concentration variation of the films at different heat treatment temperature was realized. Donors correspond to zinc related states dominate the conduction mechanism for these INZO films after $550^{\circ}C$ high temperature heat treatment process.
Wu, Ying,Gao, He,Li, Huaixing,Tabara, Yasuharu,Nakatochi, Masahiro,Chiu, Yen-Feng,Park, Eun Jung,Wen, Wanqing,Adair, Linda S.,Borja, Judith B.,Cai, Qiuyin,Chang, Yi-Cheng,Chen, Peng,Croteau-Chonka, Da Oxford University Press 2014 Human Molecular Genetics Vol.23 No.4
<P>Blood levels of adiponectin, an adipocyte-secreted protein correlated with metabolic and cardiovascular risks, are highly heritable. Genome-wide association (GWA) studies for adiponectin levels have identified 14 loci harboring variants associated with blood levels of adiponectin. To identify novel adiponectin-associated loci, particularly those of importance in East Asians, we conducted a meta-analysis of GWA studies for adiponectin in 7827 individuals, followed by two stages of replications in 4298 and 5954 additional individuals. We identified a novel adiponectin-associated locus on chromosome 10 near <I>WDR11-FGFR2</I> (<I>P</I> = 3.0 × 10<SUP>−14</SUP>) and provided suggestive evidence for a locus on chromosome 12 near <I>OR8S1-LALBA</I> (<I>P</I> = 1.2 × 10<SUP>−7</SUP>). Of the adiponectin-associated loci previously described, we confirmed the association at <I>CDH13</I> (<I>P</I> = 6.8 × 10<SUP>−165</SUP>), <I>ADIPOQ</I> (<I>P</I> = 1.8 × 10<SUP>−22</SUP>), <I>PEPD</I> (<I>P</I> = 3.6 × 10<SUP>−12</SUP>), <I>CMIP</I> (<I>P</I> = 2.1 × 10<SUP>−10</SUP>), <I>ZNF664</I> (<I>P</I> = 2.3 × 10<SUP>−7</SUP>) and <I>GPR109A</I> (<I>P</I> = 7.4 × 10<SUP>−6</SUP>). Conditional analysis at <I>ADIPOQ</I> revealed a second signal with suggestive evidence of association only after conditioning on the lead SNP (<I>P</I><SUB>initial</SUB> = 0.020; <I>P</I><SUB>conditional</SUB> = 7.0 × 10<SUP>−7</SUP>). We further confirmed the independence of two pairs of closely located loci (<2 Mb) on chromosome 16 at <I>CMIP</I> and <I>CDH13</I>, and on chromosome 12 at <I>GPR109A</I> and <I>ZNF664</I>. In addition, the newly identified signal near <I>WDR11-FGFR2</I> exhibited evidence of association with triglycerides (<I>P</I> = 3.3 × 10<SUP>−4</SUP>), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, <I>P</I> = 4.9 × 10<SUP>−4</SUP>) and body mass index (BMI)-adjusted waist–hip ratio (<I>P</I> = 9.8 × 10<SUP>−3</SUP>). These findings improve our knowledge of the genetic basis of adiponectin variation, demonstrate the shared allelic architecture for adiponectin with lipids and central obesity and motivate further studies of underlying mechanisms.</P>