버스안내시스템 구축을 위한 도착시간예측 알고리즘 개발

임채문,김은길,공창환,이영우 대구대학교 과학기술연구소 2001 科學技術硏究 Vol.8 No.2

This study proposed the algorithm on the estimation time of bus arrival time, using queue lengths, rules for running traffic signal and GPS position datum. The estimated values by means of proposal algorithms were done by the statistical application test. In this study, queue lengths and vehicle discharge properties based on the video photograph had been surveyed in three traffic signal intersection. The surveyed datum were analyzed that discharge headway times from one to three were about 2.5 seconds. the others were about 1.8 seconds. The datum for investigation and the calculation values by means of proposal algorithms revealed that the results based on the t-test are statistically significant.

국내 주요호수의 육수학적 조사 (1) : 옥정호

김범철,박주현,이병진,허우명,황길순,최광순,채기숙 江原大學校 附設 環境硏究所 1998 環境硏究 Vol.15 No.-

The limnological survey of Lake Okjong was conducted for one year from June 1993 to May 1994 on the monthly basis. The loading of phosphorus, nitrogen and organic carbon from the watershed into the lake were monitored at the main in flowing sites. Secchi disc transparency , epilimnetic chlorophyll a, total nitrogen, total phosphorus concentration and primary production were in the range of 1.3~4.H m, 2.4~ 18.7 mg Chl/m³. 1.25~2.87 mg N/l, 7~65 mg P/m³, 325~2,113 mg C/m²/day, respectively. TN/Tl atomic ratio varled from 129 to 443. N/P ratio decreased in summer because phosphorus concentration was higher than in winter, while nitrogen did not vary much. The seasonal succession of phytoplankton was distinct. In winter and spring, diatoms, Aulacoseira granulata var. angustissima and Aulacoseira italica were dominant while cyanobacteria, Microcystis sp.,M. ichthyovlabe, Phormidium sp. and P.valderianum var. tenuis were dominant in warm seasons. The dominant zooplankton species were Thertmocyclops taihokuensis in warm seasons while Boosmina longirostris were dominant in cold seasons. The organic carbon, nirtogen and phosphorus content of lake sediment were 8.0~14.8, 0.59~0.71, 1.14~1.87 ng N/g, respectively. The sediment of Lake Okjong can be classified as oligohumic based on C/N ratio. The total phosphorus loading from the watershed and fishfarm were estimated to be 2.7g P/m²/yr, which far exceeded the critical loading for eutrophication. The organic carbon loading from the watershed and primary production were determined to be 998t C/yr, 6,348t C/yr, respectively. Most of organic carbon was contributed by autochthonous primary production of phytoplankton. Trophic state of Lake Okjong can be classified as eutrophic

퉁퉁마디로부터 염에 의하여 유도되는 Aldolase 유전자의 분리 및 발현분석

차준영,네티 엘마와티,김순길,이증주,임채오,정우식,이곤호,손대영 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research 2003 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research Vol.2003 No.-

Soil salinity is one of the most serious abiotic stresses limiting the productivity of agricultural crops. To cope with salt stress, plants respond with physiological, developmental and biochemical changes, including the synthesis of a number of proteins and the induction of gene expression. Salicornia herbacea is a halophytic plant that grows in salt marches and on muddy seashores. In order to understand the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of salt tolerance in S. herbacea, we isolated several genes that involved in the salt tolerance by mRNA differential display.Here we report the cloning of a cDNA encoding fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate aldolase, named ShADL, which is 1293 bp long and contains an open reading frame consisted of 359 amino acids with calculated molecular mass of 39 kDa. ShADL protein showed 86% identity with Arabidopsis and 78% with aldolase of common ice plant. Northern blot analysis revealed that the transcript of ShADL gene was increased dramatically depending on the NaCI concentrations.

Comparison of the effects of joint mobilization, gym ball exercises, and breathing exercises on breathing pattern disorders and joint position sense in persons with chronic low back pain

Chae-Gil Lim 물리치료재활과학회 2020 Physical therapy rehabilitation science Vol.9 No.1

Objective: To compare the effects of joint mobilization, gym ball exercises, and breathing exercises on breathing pattern disorders and joint position sense in persons with chronic lower back pain. Design: Three-group pretest-posttest design. Methods: Thirty-six individuals with chronic low back pain who were undergoing a postural correction and vertebral movement at a rehabilitation center participated in this study. The subjects were randomly divided into the joint mobilization group (n=12), gym ball exercises group (n=12), and the breathing exercises group (n=12). The exercises were applied for 40 minutes a day, twice a week for a total of 12 weeks. Measurement tools included the end-tidal CO2 (ETCO2), respiration rate (RR), breath hold time, Nijmegen Questionnaire (NQ), excursion, and joint position error (JPE). Results: The groups showed significant differences in the ETCO2, RR, NQ, Excursion and JPE test before and after the intervention (p<0.05). The differences between the groups were significant in the group that received the gym ball and breathing exercises in ETCO2 and RR (p<0.05). The differences between the groups were most significant in the group that received breathing exercises in NQ and excursion (p<0.05). The differences between the groups were significant in the group that received the gym ball and breathing exercises in JPE Lt. and Rt. (p<0.05). Conclusions: All three interventions had a significant impact on the biomechanical changes, respiratory variables, and joint position sense in participants with chronic lower back pain. Breathing exercises were found to be particularly effective in improving respiratory parameters.

Characterization of Ionic Currents in Human Neural Stem Cells

Chae Gil Lim,Sung-Soo Kim,Haeyoung Suh-Kim,Young-Don Lee,Seung Cheol Ahn 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2008 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.12 No.4

The profile of membrane currents was investigated in differentiated neuronal cells derived from human neural stem cells (hNSCs) that were obtained from aborted fetal cortex. Whole-cell voltage clamp recording revealed at least 4 different currents: a tetrodotoxin (TTX)-sensitive Na⁺ current, a hyperpolarization-activated inward current, and A-type and delayed rectifier-type K⁺ outward currents. Both types of K⁺ outward currents were blocked by either 5 mM tetraethylammonium (TEA) or 5 mM 4-aminopyridine (4-AP). The hyperpolarization-activated current resembled the classical K⁺ inward current in that it exhibited a voltage-dependent block in the presence of external Ba²⁺ (30ՌM) or Cs⁺ (3ՌM). However, the reversal potentials did not match well with the predicted K⁺ equilibrium potentials, suggesting that it was not a classical K⁺ inward rectifier current. The other Na⁺ inward current resembled the classical Na⁺ current observed in pharmacological studies. The expression of these channels may contribute to generation and repolarization of action potential and might be regarded as functional markers for hNSCs-derived neurons.

Effects of trunk control robot training on balance and gait abilities in persons with chronic stroke

Chae-gil Lim 물리치료재활과학회 2020 Physical therapy rehabilitation science Vol.9 No.2

Objective: To investigate the effects of training using a trunk control robot (TCR) system combined with conventional therapy(CT) on balance and gait abilities in persons with chronic stroke. Design: Two-group pretest-posttest design. Methods: Thirty-five subjects with chronic stroke were randomly assigned to either the TCR group (n=17) or the trunk extension- training (TET) group (n=18). Both groups performed CT for 30 minutes, after which the TCR group performed TCR training and the TET group performed trunk extension training for 20 minutes. Both groups performed the therapeutic interventions 3 days per week for 6 weeks. Balance ability was evaluated using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and the Timed Up-and-Go (TUG) test. Gait ability was measured using the 10 m Walk Test (10MWT) and the NeuroCom Smart Balance Master. Results: TCR group showed significant improvements in static balance (weight bearing) and dynamic balance (weight shifting speed, weight shifting direction, BBS, and TUG), 10MWT, gait speed, and step width (p<0.05); step length was not significant. The TET group showed a significant partial improvement of dynamic balance (weight shifting speed, weight shifting direction, BBS, and 10MWT (p<0.05), but the improvements in static balance, TUG, gait speed, and step width and step length was not significant. Additionally, significant differences in static balance, dynamic balance (weight shifting speed, weight shifting direction, BBS, and TUG), 10MWT, gait speed, and step width were detected between groups (p<0.05). Conclusions: TCR training combined with CT is effective in improving static and dynamic balance, as well as gait abilities in persons with chronic stroke.

Effects of trunk control robot training on balance and gait abilities in persons with chronic stroke

Lim, Chae-gil korean Academy of Physical Therapy Rehabilitation 2020 Physical therapy rehabilitation science Vol.9 No.2

Objective: To investigate the effects of training using a trunk control robot (TCR) system combined with conventional therapy (CT) on balance and gait abilities in persons with chronic stroke. Design: Two-group pretest-posttest design. Methods: Thirty-five subjects with chronic stroke were randomly assigned to either the TCR group (n=17) or the trunk extension-training (TET) group (n=18). Both groups performed CT for 30 minutes, after which the TCR group performed TCR training and the TET group performed trunk extension training for 20 minutes. Both groups performed the therapeutic interventions 3 days per week for 6 weeks. Balance ability was evaluated using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and the Timed Up-and-Go (TUG) test. Gait ability was measured using the 10 m Walk Test (10MWT) and the NeuroCom Smart Balance Master. Results: TCR group showed significant improvements in static balance (weight bearing) and dynamic balance (weight shifting speed, weight shifting direction, BBS, and TUG), 10MWT, gait speed, and step width (p<0.05); step length was not significant. The TET group showed a significant partial improvement of dynamic balance (weight shifting speed, weight shifting direction, BBS, and 10MWT (p<0.05), but the improvements in static balance, TUG, gait speed, and step width and step length was not significant. Additionally, significant differences in static balance, dynamic balance (weight shifting speed, weight shifting direction, BBS, and TUG), 10MWT, gait speed, and step width were detected between groups (p<0.05). Conclusions: TCR training combined with CT is effective in improving static and dynamic balance, as well as gait abilities in persons with chronic stroke.

Characterization of Ionic Currents in Human Neural Stem Cells

Lim, Chae-Gil,Kim, Sung-Soo,SuhKim, Hae-Young,Lee, Young-Don,Ahn, Seung-Cheol The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2008 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.12 No.4

The profile of membrane currents was investigated in differentiated neuronal cells derived from human neural stem cells (hNSCs) that were obtained from aborted fetal cortex. Whole-cell voltage clamp recording revealed at least 4 different currents: a tetrodotoxin (TTX)-sensitive $Na^+$ current, a hyperpolarization-activated inward current, and A-type and delayed rectifier-type $K^+$ outward currents. Both types of $K^+$ outward currents were blocked by either 5 mM tetraethylammonium (TEA) or 5 mM 4-aminopyridine (4-AP). The hyperpolarization-activated current resembled the classical $K^+$ inward current in that it exhibited a voltage-dependent block in the presence of external $Ba^{2+}$ (30 ${\mu}$M) or $Cs^+$ (3${\mu}$M). However, the reversal potentials did not match well with the predicted $K^+$ equilibrium potentials, suggesting that it was not a classical $K^+$ inward rectifier current. The other $Na^+$ inward current resembled the classical $Na^+$ current observed in pharmacological studies. The expression of these channels may contribute to generation and repolarization of action potential and might be regarded as functional markers for hNSCs-derived neurons.

Comparison of the effects of joint mobilization, gym ball exercises, and breathing exercises on breathing pattern disorders and joint position sense in persons with chronic low back pain

Lim, Chae-Gil korean Academy of Physical Therapy Rehabilitation 2020 Physical therapy rehabilitation science Vol.9 No.1

Objective: To compare the effects of joint mobilization, gym ball exercises, and breathing exercises on breathing pattern disorders and joint position sense in persons with chronic lower back pain. Design: Three-group pretest-posttest design. Methods: Thirty-six individuals with chronic low back pain who were undergoing a postural correction and vertebral movement at a rehabilitation center participated in this study. The subjects were randomly divided into the joint mobilization group (n=12), gym ball exercises group (n=12), and the breathing exercises group (n=12). The exercises were applied for 40 minutes a day, twice a week for a total of 12 weeks. Measurement tools included the end-tidal CO₂ (ETCO₂), respiration rate (RR), breath hold time, Nijmegen Questionnaire (NQ), excursion, and joint position error (JPE). Results: The groups showed significant differences in the ETCO₂, RR, NQ, Excursion and JPE test before and after the intervention (p<0.05). The differences between the groups were significant in the group that received the gym ball and breathing exercises in ETCO₂ and RR (p<0.05). The differences between the groups were most significant in the group that received breathing exercises in NQ and excursion (p<0.05). The differences between the groups were significant in the group that received the gym ball and breathing exercises in JPE Lt. and Rt. (p<0.05). Conclusions: All three interventions had a significant impact on the biomechanical changes, respiratory variables, and joint position sense in participants with chronic lower back pain. Breathing exercises were found to be particularly effective in improving respiratory parameters.

만성요통환자의 호흡패턴이상과 통증과의 상관관계

임재길(Chae-Gil Lim) 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회 2020 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지 Vol.14 No.4

이 연구는 만성요통환자의 호흡패턴이상과 통증관의 상관관계를 알아보기 위해 실시하였다. 104명의 만성요통환자의 날숨끝 이산화탄소농도(EtCO₂)와 호흡률을 카프노그래프를 통해 측정하였고, 호흡유지시간과 Nijmegen Questionnaire, 가슴우리 움직임거리, 시각적사상척도를 추가로 평가하였다. Pearson’s 검사로 상관관계를 분석하였으며, 결과는 EtCO₂와 BHT, 가슴우리 움직임거리에서 통계적으로 유의한 상관관계를 보였으며(r=.302, r=.281)(p<.01), RR과 VAS에서 낮은 음의 상관관계(r=-.253,-.200)(p <.05)를 보였다. RR과 NQ에서도 유의한 상관관계를 보였으며 (r=.237)(p<.05). 가슴우리 움직임거리와 VAS사이에서는 낮은 음의 상관관계를 보였다(r=-.370)(p<.01). 가슴 호흡과 가로막호흡 사이의 EtCO₂, RR, BHT, 가슴우리 움직임거리, 그리고 VAS에서 통계적으로 유의한차이가 있었으며(p<.05), NQ에서는 유의한 차이가 없었다(p>.05). 만성요통환자의 EtCO₂, BHT, 가슴우리움직임거리, RR, 그리고 VAS 사이에는 상관관계가 있었다. 또한, RR과 NQ, 흉부 소풍과 VAS 사이에는 상관관계를 보였다. 결과적으로 호흡패턴이상과 통증 사이에는 밀접한 관계가 있었으며, 가슴호흡과 가로막호흡의 비교에서 EtCO₂, RR, BHT, 가슴우리 움직임거리 및 VAS에서 유의한 차이가 있었다. 이것은 만성요통환자의 재활 및 통증 관리에서 호흡패턴중재가 기초자료로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. To investigate the relationship between breathing pattern disorder and pain in patients with chronic low back pain(CLBP). One hundred four patients were measured the End-tidal CO₂(EtCO₂) and respiration rate(RR) using capnography. Also, The Breathing-hold time(BHT), Nijmegen Questionnaire(NQ), and Thoracic excursion examinated. There was a significant correlation between EtCO₂ and BHT, thoracic excursion(r=.302, r=.281)(p<.01), and a low negative correlation with RR, VAS(r=-.253, -200)(p<.05). There was a significant correlation between NQ and RR(r=.237)(p<.05). There was a low correlation between thoracic excursion and VAS(r=-.370)(p<.01). There was a significant difference in the EtCO₂, RR, BHT, thoracic excursion, and VAS between the thoracic and diaphragm breathing pattern(p<.05). There were no significant differences in the NQ(p>.05). There was a correlation between EtCO₂ and BHT, thoracic excursion, RR, VAS in patients with CLBP. In addition, There was a correlation between RR and NQ, thoracic excursion, and VAS. As a result, it was found that there is a close relationship between breathing pattern disorder and pain. There was a significant difference in the EtCO₂ level, RR, BHT, thoracic excursion and VAS value in the comparison of thoracic breathing pattern and diaphragm breathing pattern. This is a meaningful result of suggesting a breathing pattern treatment approach in the rehabilitation and pain management of chronic low back pain patients in clinical practice.