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Ibrahim, Doaa Khalil,El Zahab, Essam El Din Abo,Aziz Mostafa, Saadoun Abd El The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2017 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.12 No.2
The presence of DGs in power system networks tends to negatively affect the protective relays coordination. The proposed method introduces an approach to minimize the numbers of relays that acquire new settings on contrary to their original settings (case without DG), to achieve relays coordination in case of adding DG, since relays coordination with minimum number of relays of re-adjusted settings represents economical target, especially in networks containing mixture of electromechanical and adaptive digital relays. The scheme decides the possible minimum number of re-adjusted relays and their locations in an optimum manner to achieve proper relays coordination in case of adding DGs. The proposed approach is divided into two successive phases; the first phase is stopped when the first relays coordination solution is achieved. The second phase increases the possibility to keep higher number of relays at their original settings than that obtained in first phase through achieving multi solutions of relays coordination. The proposed approach is implemented and effectively tested on the well-known IEEE-39 bus test system.
Che Ibrahim Abdullah,Ahmad Danial Azzahari,Nor Mas Mira Abd. Rahman,Aziz Hassan,Rosiyah Yahya 한국섬유공학회 2019 Fibers and polymers Vol.20 No.3
Oil-palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) is a waste matter that is abundantly generated from the oil palm industries. Natural fibers derived from this lignocellulosic biomass have the potential to be used as reinforcement material in polymer composites as a greener alternative to synthetic fibers. However, some treatment has to be done to overcome inherent disadvantages in natural fibers and further improve its properties. One such method to prepare the fibers for chemical modification is by alkalization. In this study the EFB fibers were immersed in sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution with concentrations and immersion times varied to 4, 8 and 12 w/v % and 6, 12, 24 and 48 h, respectively. The EFB fibers were characterized using FTIR, TGA, XRD, FE-SEM, diameter profiling and mechanical tests. Results from FTIR showed that the treated EFB have significant increment of intensity at 3335 cm-1 corresponding to -OH groups. Optimum treatment conditions for the EFB fibers were found at 4 w/v% NaOH and 24 h. Diameter profiling showed better uniformity in the treated EFB fibers with improved tensile properties.
Ginger Extract as Green Corrosion Inhibitor for Steel in Sulfide Polluted Salt Water
Fouda, Abd El-Aziz S.,Nazeer, Ahmed Abdel,Ibrahim, Mohamed,Fakih, Mohamed Korean Chemical Society 2013 대한화학회지 Vol.57 No.2
Extract of ginger has been evaluated as a green inhibitor for the corrosion of steel in sulfide polluted NaCl solution using potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and electrochemical frequency modulation (EFM) techniques. Potentiodynamic polarization measurements showed that this extract acts as a mixed type inhibitor but mainly inhibits the cathodic reaction. The inhibition efficiency was found to increase with inhibitor concentration reaching to approximately 83.9% using 250 ppm of ginger. Nyquist plots show a single capacitive loop in uninhibited and inhibited solutions. From EFM the causality factors are very close to theoretical values which indicate that the measured data are of good quality. The adsorption process of the studied extract on steel surface obeys Temkin adsorption isotherm. The results obtained from the different electrochemical techniques were in good agreement which prove the validity of these tools in measurement of corrosion rate. Ginger extract has no effect on Escherichia Coli and can be applied safely on waste water treatment plants.
Doaa Khalil Ibrahim,Essam El Din Abo El Zahab,Saadoun Abd El Aziz Mostafa 대한전기학회 2017 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.12 No.2
The presence of DGs in power system networks tends to negatively affect the protective relays coordination. The proposed method introduces an approach to minimize the numbers of relays that acquire new settings on contrary to their original settings (case without DG), to achieve relays coordination in case of adding DG, since relays coordination with minimum number of relays of readjusted settings represents economical target, especially in networks containing mixture of electromechanical and adaptive digital relays. The scheme decides the possible minimum number of re-adjusted relays and their locations in an optimum manner to achieve proper relays coordination in case of adding DGs. The proposed approach is divided into two successive phases; the first phase is stopped when the first relays coordination solution is achieved. The second phase increases the possibility to keep higher number of relays at their original settings than that obtained in first phase through achieving multi solutions of relays coordination. The proposed approach is implemented and effectively tested on the well-known IEEE-39 bus test system.
Inhibition of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 attenuates against intestinal fibrosis in mice
( Jin Imai ),( Takashi Yahata ),( Hitoshi Ichikawa ),( Abd Aziz Ibrahim ),( Masaki Yazawa ),( Hideaki Sumiyoshi ),( Yutaka Inagaki ),( Masashi Matsushima ),( Takayoshi Suzuki ),( Tetsuya Mine ),( Kiyo 대한장연구학회 2020 Intestinal Research Vol.18 No.2
Background/Aims: Intestinal fibrosis is a major complication of Crohn’s disease (CD). The profibrotic protein transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) has been considered to be critical for the induction of the fibrotic program. TGF-β has the ability to induce not only the expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) including collagen, but also the production of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) that prevents enzymatic degradation of the ECM during the onset of fibrotic diseases. However, the significance of PAI-1 in the developing intestinal fibrosis has not been fully understood. In the present study, we examined the actual expression of PAI-1 in fibrotic legion of intestinal inflammation and its correlation with the abnormal ECM deposition. Methods: Chronic intestinal inflammation was induced in BALB/c mice using 8 repeated intrarectal injections of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS). TM5275, a PAI-1 inhibitor, was orally administered as a carboxymethyl cellulose suspension each day for 2 weeks after the sixth TNBS injection. Results: Using a publicly available dataset (accession number, GSE75214) and TNBS-treated mice, we observed increases in PAI-1 transcripts at active fibrotic lesions in both patients with CD and mice with chronic intestinal inflammation. Oral administration of TM5275 immediately after the onset of intestinal fibrosis upregulated MMP-9 (matrix metalloproteinase 9) and decreased collagen accumulation, resulting in attenuation of the fibrogenesis in TNBS-treated mice. Conclusions: PAI-1-mediated fibrinolytic system facilitates collagen degradation suppression. Hence, PAI-1 inhibitor could be applied as an anti-fibrotic drug in CD treatment. (Intest Res 2020;18:219-228)
Utilization of Oil Palm Decanter Cake for Cellulase and Polyoses Production
Mohamad Nafis Abdul Razak,Mohamad Faizal Ibrahim,Phang Lai Yee,Mohd Ali Hassan,Suraini Abd-Aziz 한국생물공학회 2012 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.17 No.3
The abundance of oil palm decanter cake (OPDC) is a problem in oil palm mills. However, this lignocellulosic biomass can be utilized for cellulase and polyoses production. The effectiveness of chemical and physical pretreatment in reducing the lignin content was studied by saccharification using a Celluclast 1.5 L and scanning electron microscope. Physicochemical pretreatment of OPDC with 1% (w/v) NaOH and autoclaving at 121oC for 20 min increased potential polyoses produced to 52.5%and removed 28.7% of the lignin content. The optimized conditions for cellulase production by a locally isolated fungus were a time of 120 h, a substrate of untreated OPDC,a spore concentration of 1 × 107 spore/mL, a temperature of 30oC, and a pH between 7.0 and 7.5. Trichoderma asperellum UPM1 produced carboxymethylcellulase (CMCase),β-glucosidase and filter paper activity (FPase) in the following concentrations: 17.35, 0.53, and 0.28 U/mL,respectively. Aspergillus fumigatus UPM2 produced the CMCase, β-glucosidase and FPase in the following amounts: 10.93, 0.76, and 0.24 U/mL. The cellulases from T. asperellum UPM1 produced 2.33 g/L of polyoses and the cellulases from A. fumigatus UPM2 produced 4.37 g/L of polyoses.