Experimental and Theoretical Investigation on Flexural Behavior of Corroded Steel Beams Strengthened by CFRP Plate

Zong-Xing Zhang,Shan-Hua Xu,Lin Mu,Sheng-Yuan Peng 대한토목학회 2020 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.24 No.7

To investigate the flexural behavior of corroded steel beams strengthened by carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) plate, flexural test of five steel beams were carried out. The effects of corrosion and prestressing force levels on the flexural capacity, failure modes and interfacial stress were investigated. Meanwhile, considering the corrosion surface the calculation method of flexural capacity of corroded beams strengthened by CFRP plate was also established. The results showed that failure modes of corroded beams were the fracture of the CFRP plate after the shear failure of interface on the mid-span and fracture location of CFRP plate was mostly at the loading point. The rough surface of the corroded steel can enhance the efficiency of stress transfer at the interface, thereby improving the effective bond length of the interface. The shear stress was mainly concentrated on the CFRP plate end, and peak value appeared at the loading point. Compared the reference beam, the ultimate flexural capacity of the corroded beam strengthened by CFRP plate with 15% prestress level increased at a ratio of 21%, and utilization ratio of the CFRP plates was up to 71.59%.

Hierarchical Genetic Algorithm based RBF Neural Networks and Application for Modelling of the Automatic Depth Control Electrohydraulic System

Zong-yi Xing,Xue-miao Pang,Hai-yan Ji,Yong Qin,Li-min Jia 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2011 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.9 No.4

The paper presents an approach to model nonlinear dynamic behaviors of the Automatic Depth Control Electrohydraulic System (ADCES) of a certain minesweeping weapon with Radial Basis Function (RBF) neural networks trained by hierarchical genetic algorithm. In the proposed hierarchical genetic algorithm, the control genes are used to determine the number of hidden units, and the parameter genes are used to identify center parameters of hidden units. In order to speed up conver-gence of the proposed algorithm, width and weight parameters of RBF neural network are calculated by linear algebra methods. The proposed approach is applied to the modelling of the ADCES, and ex-perimental results clearly indicate that the obtained RBF neural network can emulate complex dynamic characteristics of the ADCES satisfactorily. The comparison results also show that the proposed approach performs better than the traditional clustering-based method.

On Generating Fuzzy Systems based on Pareto Multi-objective Cooperative Coevolutionary Algorithm

Zong-Yi Xing,Yong Zhang,Yuan-Long Hou,Li-Min Jia 대한전기학회 2007 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.5 No.4

An approach to construct multiple interpretable and precise fuzzy systems based on the Pareto Multi-objective Cooperative Coevolutionary Algorithm (PMOCCA) is proposed in this paper. First, a modified fuzzy clustering algorithm is used to construct antecedents of fuzzy system, and consequents are identified separately to reduce computational burden. Then, the PMOCCA and the interpretability-driven simplification techniques are executed to optimize the initial fuzzy system with three objectives: the precision performance, the number of fuzzy rules and the number of fuzzy sets; thus both the precision and the interpretability of the fuzzy systems are improved. In order to select the best individuals from each species, we generalize the NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm from one species to multi-species, and propose a new non-dominated sorting technique and collaboration mechanism for cooperative coevolutionary algorithm. Finally, the proposed approach is applied to two benchmark problems, and the results show its validity.

A Hierarchical Genetic Algorithm based RBF Neural Network Approach for Modelling of Electrohydraulic System

Xing Zong-yi,Zhang Yuan,Qin Yong,Jia Li-min,Wu Ying-ying 제어로봇시스템학회 2009 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.8

The paper presents an approach to model the electrohydraulic system of a certain mine-sweeping weapon using the Radial Basis Function (RBF) neural networks. In order to obtain accurate and simple RBF neural networks efficiently, a hierarchical genetic algorithm (HGA) is used to train the neural networks, in which the number of hidden units and the parameters of centers are optimized by the HGA simultaneously. The spread factors and the weights of the neural networks are calculated by the linear algebra methods for relieving computational burden. The proposed algorithm is applied to the modelling of the electrohydraulic system, and the results clearly indicate that the obtained RBF neural network can model the hydraulic system satisfactorily. The comparison results also show that the proposed algorithm performs better than the traditional methods.

Evaluation of Several Screening Approaches for Detection of Cervical Lesions in Rural Shandong, China

Zong, Li-Ju,Zhang, You-Zhong,Yang, Xing-sheng,Jiang, Jie,Cui, Bao-Xia,Qiao, Yun-Bo,Li, Li,Jiang, Kan,Zhang, Wen-Jing,Kong, Bei-Hua,Shen, Keng Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.5

Purpose: The study was designed to: (1) investigate the prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection and cervical neoplasia; and (2) evaluate clinical performance of visual inspection with acetic acid/ Lugol's iodine (VIA /VILI), Pap smear, high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) DNA test for detecting cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse (CIN2+) and (3) explore appropriate screening approach in rural areas of Shandong Province. Materials and Methods: A total of 3,763 eligible women from Yiyuan County in Yimeng mountainous areas of rural Shandong, China, were enrolled and underwent Pap smear, HR-HPV DNA testing by Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2), and VIA /VILI tests. Women positive in any test were referred to colposcopy and biopsy as indicated. Results: The prevalence of HR-HPV infection among all enrolled women was 11.1% and that in healthy women was 9.9%. In total 33 cases of CIN1, 16 cases of CIN2, 6 cases of CIN3 but none of cervical cancer were detected and the crude prevalence of CIN2+ was 0.58%. For detecting CIN2+, the sensitivity of HR-HPV DNA testing, VIA/VILI, Pap smear was 90.9%, 77.3%, 81.8%, respectively. Pap smear had the best specificity of 98.2%, followed by HR-HPV DNA testing with specificity of 89.4%, VIA/VILI had the lowest specificity of 81.2%. Colposcopy referral rate of HR-HPV DNA testing, VIA/VILI, Pap smear was 11.1%, 18.5%, 2.3%, respectively. Conclusions: Our results suggest that HR-HPV DNA testing alone might be appropriate for primary cervical cancer screening in rural low-resource areas of Shandong Province, China.

Allelopathic effects of Hemistepta Lyrata on the germination and growth of wheat, sorghum, cucumber, rape, and radish seeds

Xing Xiang Gao,Mei Li,Zong Jun Gao,Chang Song Li,Zuo Wen Sun 한국잡초학회 2009 Weed Biology and Management Vol.9 No.3

Bonding between high strength rebar and reactive powder concrete

Deng Zong-cai,Jumbe R.Daud,Yuan Chang-xing 사단법인 한국계산역학회 2014 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.13 No.3

A central pullout test was conducted to investigate the bonding properties between high strength rebar and reactive powder concrete (RPC), which covered ultimate pullout load, ultimate bonding stress, free end initial slip, free end slip at peak load, and load-slip curve characteristics. The effects of varying rebar buried length, thickness of protective layer and diameter of rebars on the bonding properties were studied, and how to determine the minimum thickness of protective layer and critical anchorage length was suggested according the test results. The results prove that: 1) Ultimate pull out load and free end initial slip load increases with increase in buried length, while ultimate bonding stress and slip corresponding to the peak load reduces. When buried length is increased from 3d to 4d(d is the diameter of rebar), after peak load, the load-slip curve descending segment declines faster, but later the load rises again exceeding the first peak load. When buried length reaches 5d, rebar pull fracture occurs. 2) As thickness of protective layer increases, the ultimate pull out load, ultimate bond stress, free end initial slip load and the slip corresponding to the peak load increase, and the descending section of the curve becomes gentle. The recommended minimum thickness of protective layer for plate type members should be the greater value between d and 10 mm, and for beams or columns the greater value between d and 15 mm. 3) Increasing the diameter of HRB500 rebars leads to a gentle slope in the descending segment of the pullout curve. 4) The bonding properties between high strength steel HRB500 and RPC is very good. The suggested buried length for test determining bonding strength between high strength rebars and RPC is 4d and a formula to calculate the critical anchorage length is established. The relationships between ultimate bonding stress and thickness of protective layer or the buried length was obtained.

Study on Interpretable Fuzzy Classification System Based on Neural Networks

Qin Yong,Xing Zong-yi,Jia Li-min,Wu Ying-ying 제어로봇시스템학회 2009 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.8

This paper describes a comprehensive method to construct fuzzy classification system considering bothprecision and interpretability. Fuzzy classification system, initialized by modified Gath-Geva fuzzy clustering algorithm, is transformed into neural network. After training the neural network, fuzzy sets similarity measure is adopt to mergeredundant fuzzy sets to improve interpretability, and a constraint genetic algorithm is applied to improve precision. The simulation result on Iris data problem demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method

The Chinese Model of the Good Samaritan Law

Choi Won Seuk,Li Zong Xing 원광대학교 한중관계연구원 2019 韓中關係硏究 Vol.5 No.2

최근 난징(南京)의 펑우(彭宇)사건을 시작으로 구조자가 타인을 구조하고도 피구조 자가 구조자를 고소하는 일이 빈번이 발생함으로써 사회문제가 발생하고 있다. 중국은 전통적으로 타인의 어려움을 보고도 그냥 지나치지 않는 풍습을 자랑으로 삼고 있다. 하지만, 최근에 발생한 펑우 사건과 관련하여 타인이 위험에 처하여 도움을 청하는 경우에도 상호간의 불신임으로 인하여 도움을 주지 않고 그대로 지나치는 경우가 증가 하고 있다. 연구결과에 의하면 84.9%의 사람이 길거리에 쓰러진 노인을 보고도 직접 도움을 주지 않고, 국가에서 운영하는 전문구조요원에 연락하여야 한다고 응답하였다. 하지만 중국은 응급구조 시스템이 완전치 않아 응급구조팀이 도착하게 되면, 시간이 지체되어 더욱 위험한 사항에 처하게 된다. 이로 인해 착한사마리아인법의 중국법에의 적용에 관하여 논의가 새로이 되고 있다. 2017년에 시행된 민법총칙 제184조의 규정을 대표적인 법적 근거로 삼고 있는데, 구체 적으로 보면, “긴급구조행위로 인하여 피구조자에게 손해가 발생한 경우 구조자는 민 사책임을 부담하지 않는다.”라고 규정함으로써 구조자의 선량한 구조행위를 보호하고 있다. 또한 침권책임법 제23조에서도 타인의 위험을 방지 및 제거하기 위하여 어떤 조치를 취하다 구조자 자신에게 손해가 발생한 경우에도 구조자를 보호하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 현재 중국에서 사회적 문제로 되고 있는 이른바 ‘타인의 긴급구조요 청에 대한 무관심’에 대하여 착한사마리아인법과 연관하여 검토한다. 이럴 인정하고 있는 국가들의 입법과 중국의 현행법을 비교함으로써 중국법 상 적용에 있어 어떠한 문제가 있는지 고찰한다. 이를 통해 중국민법에서의 ‘사력구제’로 인한 민사책임실무 에 있어 참고자료로 활용할 수 있길 바란다. Since the “Peng Yu” case, the crisis of social trust has caused increasingly apathy passers-by in Chinese society, so that in China, more and more people refuse to rescue people in danger. So the voice of perfecting China’s own Good Samaritan Law is growing. Through the comparative study of Good Samaritan law in two important Legal Systems, we realize that the social situation faced by China differs from that of other countries that China is required to formulate its own special Good Samaritan Law. First of all, through analysis, China should not stipulate duty to rescue clause like most countries whether in public law or private law. Secondly, in terms of the protection of the rights and interests of the rescuers, China’s exemption clauses for the damages caused by the rescuers’ rescue actions are too radical, and the regulation of malicious false accusation needs to be strengthened.

Comparison of Chlorophyll Algorithms in the Bohai Sea of China

Xiu, Peng,Liu, Yuguang,Rong, Zengrui,Zong, Haibo,Li, Gang,Xing, Xinogang,Cheng, Yongcun The Korean Society of Oceanography 2007 Ocean science journal Vol.42 No.4

Empirical band-ratio algorithms and artificial neural network techniques to retrieve sea surface chlorophyll concentrations were evaluated in the Bohai Sea of China by using an extensive field observation data set. Bohai Sea represents an example of optically complex case II waters with high concentrations of colored dissolved organic mattei (CDOM). The data set includes coincident measurements of radiometric quantities and chlorophyll a concentration (Chl), which were taken on 8 cruises between 2003 and 2005, The data covers a range of variability in Chl in surface waters from 0.3 to 6.5 mg $m^{-3}$. The comparison results showed that these empirical algorithms developed for case I and case II waters can not be applied directly to the Bohai Sea of china, because of significant biases. For example, the mean normalized bias (MNB) for OC4V4 product was 1.85 and the root mean square (RMS) error is 2.26.