Establishment and Analysis of Erosion Depth Model for Impeller Material FV520B

Zi-Wu Liu,Jian-Feng Li,Xiu-Jie Jia,Guang-Cun Wang,Wen-Han Xu 한국정밀공학회 2016 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.3 No.1

The multifactorial erosion was conducted in this paper to test the compressor impeller material FV520B using high-speed gas-solid two phase flow erosion tester and surface morphology analysis method. Based on the particle motion and collision energy equation as well as regression analysis of multi-factor orthogonal experiment, a phenomenological erosion depth model which captures the effects of impact velocity, angle and particle size, has been developed. The model includes removal of material due to both deformation damage and micro-cutting. Results show that the peak of experiment depth and the maximum calculated depth all appeared at near 45o, rather than near 24o where the maximum erosion rate appeared. Comparing the calculated values and the results of each single factor experiment, the errors are within 15%. The predictions of the simplified version of the model were in good agreement with the results of single factor experiments. Also, the reliability of the assessment formula was verified to assess the impeller erosion life, which indicated that this calculation model could be used to estimate the erosion depth of compressor impeller material FV520B.

라면 포장색채에 대한 한중 소비자들의 수용도 비교 융합연구 - 매운 맛 라면 포장을 중심으로 -

오자홍(Wu, Zi Hong),김영삼(Kim, Yong Sam) 한국전시산업융합연구원 2021 한국과학예술융합학회 Vol.39 No.2

본 연구는 라면의 포장색채 수용도에서 시작하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 한중 양국 소비자들의 라면 포장색채에 대한 수용도 차이에 대해 알아보는 것이다. 따라서 본 연구는 실증연구법을 사용하여 한중 양국의 라면 포장색채에 대해 비교하였고 설문조사를 통해 라면 포장색채에 대한 한중 양국 소비자들의 차이에 대해 알아보았으며 수집한 자료들에 대해 문항묶기(item parcel) 및 T-test 등으로 통계 분석하였다. 연구결과 및 내용은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 매운 맛을 대표하는 라면 포장색채에 대한 수 용도 차이에 있어 중국 소비자들이 수용할 수 있는 색채종류가 더 많은 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 매운 맛을 대표하는 라면 포장색채에 대한 한국 소비자들의 수용수준은 비교적 집중된 것으로 나타났는데 가장 수용도가 높은 색채는 빨간색(M=4.614)과 검정색(M=4.100)으로 나타났고 가장 수용할 수 없는 색채는 초록색(M=1.986)과 파란색(M=1.786)으로 나타났다. 둘째, 매운 맛 라면의 포장색채에 대한 개인적인 수 용도 차이에서 한국 소비자들은 빨간색과 검정색에 대한 수용수준이 중국 소비자들보다 높은 것으로 나타났는데 이는 유의확률 P<0.05 수준에서 유의미하다. 반면 중국 소비자들은 초록색과 파란색에 대한 수용도가 한국 소비자들보다 높은 것으로 나타났으며 이는 유의확률 P<0.05 수준에서 유의미하다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 라면기업이 한중 시장을 위한 라면 포장색채를 디자인할 때 실제적인 참고적 자료로 활용되길 기대하며 한중 라면 포장색채 이론 및 실증연구에 대한 선행연구의 부족한 점을 보완할 수 있기를 기대한다. This research starts with the color acceptance of the packaging of Ramen, and aims to investigate the differences in the color acceptance of Ramen packaging between Korean and Chinese consumers. Therefore, this paper conducts empirical research to analyze the colors of Korean and Chinese Ramen packaging, and adopts questionnaire survey to explore the differences in the color acceptance of Ramen packaging between Korean and Chinese consumers. The data obtained were analyzed statistically by item parcel and T-test. The research results are as follows: First, from the perspective of the over all differences in the color acceptance of spicy Ramen packaging, the color species of spicy Ramen packaging which Chinese consumers can accept are more than those accepted by Korean consumers. On the contrary, the accepting advises on colors of spicy packaging are relatively concentrated, red(M=4.614) and black(M=4.100) are the most acceptable, and the most unacceptable are green(M=1.986) and blue(M=1.786). Second, in terms of the individual differences in color acceptance of spicy Ramen packaging, Korean consumers have higher acceptance level of red and black than Chinese consumers, and there is a significant difference(P<0.05), while Chinese consumers’ acceptance level of green and blue is higher than Korean consumers, and there is a significant difference(P<0.05). The above research results can be used as practical reference by Ramen enterprises to design Ramen packaging colors for Korean and Chinese markets, and make up for the deficiencies in previous scholars’ color theory and empirical research of Korean and Chinese Ramen packaging.

라면 포장형태에 대한 한중 소비자들의 기호 차이 비교 분석 : 대학생 그룹을 중심으로

오자홍(Wu, Zi Hong),김영삼(Kim, Yong Sam) 한국디자인리서치학회 2021 한국디자인리서치 Vol.6 No.1

코로나 바이러스로 인해 소비자들의 라이프스타일도 점차 변화하고 있다. 이런 변화는 한국 라면기업이 세계시장을 진일보 확장하는데 큰 상업적인 기회를 마련해주고 있다. 중국은 한국 라면의 주요 수출국가인 동시에 한국의 각 라면브랜드 기업들이 다투어 확장하는 주된 해외시장이기도 하다. 본 연구에서는 라면 포장형태에 대한 한중 양국 소비자들의 기호 차이를 주제로 하여 실증연구법을 사용하여 설문조사 및 통계 분석하였다. 본 연구는 두 개 부분으로 나누어 진행하였다. 첫 단계에서는 시장조사법을 사용하여 라면포장의 현황에 대해 분석하였다. 두 번째 부분에서는 설문조사를 진행하여 라면포장에 대한 한중 소비자들의 기호 차이에 대해 연구하였다. 연구를 통해 한국 소비자들은 중국 소비자들에 비해 라면포장의 형태 기호에서 대부분 현저한 차이가 있다는 것을 발견하였다. 구체적으로 다음과 같다. 첫째, 시장조사에 의한 전체적인 상황에서 볼 때, 한국 라면은 컵형 혹은 봉지형의 포장형태가 위주이다. 반면 중국 라면은 컵형, 봉지형, 사발형의 포장형태가 주를 이루었다. 둘째, 국물라면의 포장형태에 대한 전체적인 기호 차이에서 한국 소비자들은 봉지형을 선호하였고 중국 소비자들은 용기형을 선호한 것으로 나타났다. 국물없는 라면의 포장형태에 대한 전체적인 기호 차이에서 한중 양국 소비자들은 현저한 차이를 보이지 않았고 모두 용기형 라면포장을 선호하는 것으로 나타났다. 동시에 두 가지 유형의 라면 포장형태에 대한 전체적인 기호 연구에서 라면의 식용방식은 라면포장의 형태에 대한 한중 소비자들의 기호에 영향을 준다는 것을 설명해주고 있다. 셋째, 용기형 포장의 기호 수준에서 국물라면과 국물없는 라면의 포장형태에 대한 양국 소비자들의 기호는 모두 현저한 차이를 보이고 있다. 기호수준의 배열순위 결과에서 보면, 한국 소비자들은 컵형을 가장 좋아하고 중국 소비자들은 사발형을 가장 좋아하는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 한중 시장에서의 라면포장 형태의 차이와 실제 형태에 대한 소비자들의 기호는 일정한 연계성을 가진다는 것을 설명해준다. 본 연구결과는 라면기업이 한중 시장을 위한 라면 포장형태를 디자인할 때 실제적인 참고적 자료로 활용되길 기대하며 한중 라면 포장형태 이론 및 실증연구에 대한 선행연구의 부족한 점을 보완할 수 있기를 기대한다. With the coming of the post epidemic era, consumers’ lifestyles have changed gradually, which provides a great business opportunity for Korean instant noodles to further expand their global market shares. China is not only a major importer of South Korean instant noodles, but also a major overseas market for various Korean instant noodle brands. Themed on the discussion about Korean and Chinese consumers’ preferences toward instant noodles’ packaging shapes, this research adopts the method of empirical studying to carry out questionnaire surveys and statistical analysis. The research results indicate that compared with Chinese consumers, most Korean consumer shave significantly different preferences toward instant noodles’ packaging shapes, which can be reflected in the following aspects: First, based on the overall conditions of market investigations, Korean instant noodles are mainly cup or bag-shaped while Chinese instant noodles are mainly cup, bag or bowl-shaped. Secondly, from the perspective of overall differences among preferences toward the packaging shapes of soup noodles, Korean consumers prefer the bag-shaped ones while Chinese consumer prefer container types. From the point of overall preferences toward the packaging shape of dry noodles with sauce, there are no significant differences between Chinese and Korean consumer, whereas they all prefer the packaging of container types. Thirdly, from the perspective of preferences toward different container type packaging, there are significant differences between both countries, no matter for soup noodles or dry noodles with sauce. It can be seen from the preference sequencing that Korean consumers like the cup-shape noodles most while Chinese consumers most like the bowl-shape ones.

종업원의 매력도 및 관계특성이 고객의 동반이탈의도에 미치는 영향

오자건(Wu, Zi Jian),김도일(Kim, Doyle),박종희(Park, Jong Hee),김선희(Kim, Seon Hee) 한국유통학회 2015 流通硏究 Vol.20 No.1

본 연구는 종업원의 매력도(호감성, 전문성, 유사성), 대체 종업원의 매력도, 그리고 기존 종업원과의 관계특성(관계투자, 관계혜택, 관계단절비용)이 직접적으로 또는 관계의 질(만족, 신뢰, 애호도)을 통해 간접적으로 고객의 동반이탈의도에 미치는 영향을 검증하였다. 미용실을 이용하는 고객 228명으로부터 자료를 수집하여 분석한 결과, 종업원의 매력도가 관계의 질에는 영향을 미치나 고객의 동반이탈의도에는 직접적인 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 종업원의 매력도는 관계의 질을 향상시키는 중요한 요인이지만 고객의 동반이탈의도에는 직접적으로 영향을 미치지 않고 관계의 질을 통하여 간접적으로 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 대체종업원의 매력도는 고객의 동반이탈의도에 직접적으로 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 관계특성은 종업원과의 관계의 질 및 고객의 동반이탈의도에 유의한 영향을 미치고, 고객애호도는 고객의 동반이탈의도에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

语序类型学视角下的汉韩介词联系项对比

오선자(Wu, Shan-Zi)(吴,善子) 대한중국학회 2020 중국학 Vol.71 No.-

本文根据语序类型学理论,确立汉韩介词联系项系统,考察汉韩介词联系项的句法功能和语义功能,并在此基础上进行对比分析,证实类型学参项内容。汉语的介词、韩语的一些助词和惯用型都为动词介引间接论元,表明动词与之论元之间的关系,具有介词联系项功能。汉韩两种语言的介词(韩语的助词和惯用型)在介宾短语内的介词语序类型以及数量上有较大的差异:汉语有前置介词、后置介词和框式介词,数量也不断增多,属于半开放性词项,而韩语只有后置介词,数量少而较稳定,是半封闭性词项。汉语前置介词和韩语后置介词是类型学上的和谐组配,汉语和韩语的介词参项特点符合类型学共性原则,反映了SVO类型语言和SOV类型语言的介词联系项差异。汉韩介词中表境事和关事的介词比较多,而表比事、因事、主事和客事的介词都比较少。 Based on the theories of word order typology, this study intends to establish the system of adpositionsfrom Chinese and Koreanin terms of typological parametersbyexamining and comparing their syntactic and semantic functions. Many Chinese prepositions and Koreangrammaticalauxiliaries areadposition universals in preposition-based argument structure for leveragingsubject and predicate relationship. Chinese has an increasing number of prepositions, postpositions and circumpositionsina semi-open state, but Korean has a relatively small and stable number of postpositions in a semi-closed form.Despite the discrepancy ofnumbers and types between the two languages, Chinese preposition and Korean postposition are congenial pairs from a typological perspective,indicating the contrast of adpositions between SVO and SOV languages,given that both languages havemore adpositionsof situational and relational functionsthan of comparative, causal,subjective and predicative functions.

중국사립대학교 한국어교육 현황 및 활성화 방안

오선자(Wu, Shan-Zi) 동북아시아문화학회 2020 동북아 문화연구 Vol.1 No.64

Regular courses for Korean Language in China have been established in some private universities, which were only a few before the Chinese Economic Reform and has rapidly increased since the Education Reform in 1992. Chinese universities running Korean language department once have reached 84 but recently has been reduced to 59 : 40 of general universities and 19 junior colleges. Great number of students who finished the courses have contributed to regional economic growth and bilateral exchanges. However, despite the encouraging outcomes of the language education, private universities in China have been facing practical difficulties with little government aid and lower ranking performances. Under the circumstances, Korean language programs in private universities have been seriously disrupted, especially in recruiting students, setting up curriculum, international exchanges, and training teachers. The situation has been getting worse since Seoul-Beijing relations became sour couple of years ago due to the controversial disposition of US weapons. But Korean language education in China would be rehabilitated in the near future as Korean speaking Chinese will play a crucial role as bridges linking the two neighboring countries, with mutual economic and cultural exchanges unavoidable. In order to raise professionals managing composite applications, Chinese universities need to renovate curriculum, vitalize international exchanges, and develop intense Korean training programs, responding to the upcoming era. So far, issues on Korean language education in China have been discussed centering national universities, while researches on actual conditions specific to private schools, accounting for one third of all universities, haven’t made sufficient progress. This paper investigates current situation and tries to understand problems in Korean language programs in Chinese private universities. Consequently, the study suggests possible solutions to the problems and seeks Korean training activation plans available. It would be encouraging, if this study could play a minor role in progressing Korean language education in China.

汉韩反诘语气副词二语习得比较

오선자(Wu, Shan-Zi)(吴,善子) 대한중국학회 2020 중국학 Vol.73 No.-

反诘语气副词在汉韩两种语言中都是比较特殊的一类,句法位置灵活,语义虚灵,因此是对外汉语教学和韩国语教学的难点之一。本文以中韩两国学生为考察对象,对其在使用汉韩反诘语气副词情况进行了问卷调查,并从句法和语义两个角度考察了汉韩反诘语气副词的偏误情况。句法分布偏误有句首错序偏误和句中错序偏误,句法组合偏误有语气词错用偏误和助动词错用偏误,语义偏误有反诘义理解偏误和现实与非现实义理解偏误。其中句法组合的偏误率最高,这是因为汉韩两种语言的差异在反诘语气副词组合特征上体现得最多,学生受到母语的影响产生诸多的偏误,这部分是汉韩反诘语气副词教学的重点和难点,对偏误率高的个别反诘语气副词需要进行针对性教学。 Rhetorical modal adverbs are a special kind in both Chinese and Korean languages. They have flexible syntactic positions and empty sematic meanings. Therefore, they are one of the difficulties in teaching Chinese as a foreign language and Korean language. Taking Chinese and Korean students as the research object, this paper makes a questionnaire survey on the use of Chinese and Korean rhetorical modal adverbs, and analyses the errors of Chinese and Korean rhetorical modal adverbs from the perspective of syntax and semantics. The syntactic distribution errors include the wrong ordering at the beginning and middle of the sentence. The syntactic combination errors include the misuse of modal particles and auxiliary verbs. The semantic errors include the misunderstanding of rhetorical meaning and the misunderstanding of realistic and non-realistic meaning. Among these, the error rate of syntactic combination is the highest. This is because the differences between Chinese and Korean are reflected most in the combination characteristics of rhetorical modal adverbs. Students are influenced by their mother tongue and have many errors. This part is the key and difficult point in the teaching of rhetorical modal adverbs. It is necessary to carry out targeted teaching for individual rhetorical modal adverbs with high error rate.

Secondary Metabolites with Anti-complementary Activity from the Stem Barks of Juglans mandshurica Maxim

( Zi-jiang Li ),( Shilin Chen ),( Xiang-hao Yang ),( Rui Wang ),( Hee-jeong Min ),( Lei Wu ),( Chuan-ling Si ),( Young-soo Bae ) 한국목재공학회 2018 목재공학 Vol.46 No.2

Juglans mandshurica is a fast growing hard species, which is a tree in family of Juglandaceae and has a wide distribution in China, Korea and eastern Russia. Plant materials from J. mandshurica have extensively been used in folk medicines to prevent or cure gastric, esophageal, lung and cardiac cancer. As one chain of our searching for anticomplementary agents from natural sources, two epimeric ellagitannins, [2,3-O-4,4′,5,5′,6,6′,-hexahydroxydiphenoyl (HHDP))-(α,β)-D-glucose] (I) and pedunculagin (II) were purified from 70% acetone extracts of the stem barks of J. mandshurica by Thin Layer Chromatography and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography approaches. The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were characterized by MS, NMR, and a careful comparation with published literatures. The epimeric ellagitannins I and II exhibited inhibitory properties against a classical pathway of complementary system with 50 % inhibitory concentrations (IC₅₀) values of 65.3 and 47.7 μM, respectively, comparing with riliroside (IC₅₀=104 μM) and rosmarinic acid (IC₅₀=182 μM), which were used as positive controls. Thus, the work indicated both the two secondary metabolites possess excellent inhibitory activity and might be developed as potential anticomplementary chemicals.

UHRF2 mRNA Expression is Low in Malignant Glioma but Silencing Inhibits the Growth of U251 Glioma Cells in vitro

Wu, Ting-Feng,Zhang, Wei,Su, Zuo-Peng,Chen, San-Song,Chen, Gui-Lin,Wei, Yong-Xin,Sun, Ting,Xie, Xue-Shun,Li, Bin,Zhou, You-Xin,Du, Zi-Wei Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.10

UHRF2 is a member of the ubiquitin plant homeo domain RING finger family, which has been proven to be frequently up-regulated in colorectal cancer cells and play a role as an oncogene in breast cancer cells. However, the role of UHRF2 in glioma cells remains unclear. In this study, we performed real-time quantitative PCR on 32 pathologically confirmed glioma samples (grade I, 4 cases; grade II, 11 cases; grade III, 10 cases; and grade IV, 7 cases; according to the 2007 WHO classification system) and four glioma cell lines (A172, U251, U373, and U87). The expression of UHRF2 mRNA was significantly lower in the grade III and grade IV groups compared with the noncancerous brain tissue group, whereas its expression was high in A172, U251, and U373 glioma cell lines. An in vitro assay was performed to investigate the functions of UHRF2. Using a lentivirus-based RNA interference (RNAi) approach, we down-regulated UHRF2 expression in the U251 glioma cell line. This down-regulation led to the inhibition of cell proliferation, an increase in cell apoptosis, and a change of cell cycle distribution, in which S stage cells decreased and G2/M stage cells increased. Our results suggest that UHRF2 may be closely related to tumorigenesis and the development of gliomas.

Molecular Biology and Omics : Improving Endoglucanase Activity by Adding the Carbohydrate-Binding Module from Corticium rolfsii

( Zi Zhong Tang ),( Hui Chen ),( Li Jiao Chen ),( San Liu ),( Xue Yi Han ),( Qi Wu ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2014 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.24 No.4

The carbohydrate-binding module (CBM) is an important domain of most cellulases that plays a key role in the hydrolysis of cellulose. The neutral endoglucanase (EG1) gene was reconstructed. A redesigned endoglucanase, named EG2, was constructed with a CBM containing a linker from Corticium rolfsii (GenBank Accession No. D49448). The redesigned EG genes were expressed in Escherichia coli, and their characteristics are discussed. Results showed that the degradation of cellulose by EG2 was about double that by EG1. The specific activities of EG1 and EG2 were tested under optimal conditions, and EG2 had higher activity (169.1 ± 2.74 U/mg) toward CMC-Na than did EG1 (84.0 ± 1.98) in the process of cellulose degradation. The optimal pH and temperature, pH stability, and heat stability of EG1 and EG2 were similar. Results indicated that the CBM plays an essential role in the hydrolysis of cellulose. We can improve EG`s catalytic power by adding the CBM from Corticium rolfsii.