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( Yukari Tanaka ),( Motoyori Kanazawa ),( Olafur S Palsson ),( Miranda A Van Tilburg ),( Lisa M Gangarosa ),( Shin Fukudo ),( Douglas A Drossman ),( William E Whitehead ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2018 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.24 No.1
Background/Aims The prevalence and severity of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) declines with age, but the cause of this is unknown. This study tested 2 hypotheses: (1) autonomic nervous system responses to eating and bowel distention, measured by heart rate variability (HRV), differs by age in IBS patients and (2) HRV is correlated with colonic motility and IBS symptoms. Methods One hundred and fifty-six Rome III positive IBS patients and 31 healthy controls underwent colonic manometry with bag distention in the descending colon, followed by ingestion of an 810-kcal meal. HRV, evaluated by low frequency (%LF; 0.04-0.15 Hz) component, high frequency (%HF; 0.15-0.40 Hz) component, and the LF/HF ratio, was measured during colonic distention and after the meal. Motility index and subjective symptom scores were simultaneously quantified. Results Both colonic distention and eating decreased %HF and increased the LF/HF ratio, and both indices of autonomic nervous system correlated with age. In IBS patients, %HF negatively correlated with the postprandial motility index after adjusting for age. The %HF and LF/HF ratios also correlated with psychological symptoms but not bowel symptoms in IBS patients. Conclusion Decreased vagal activity is associated with increase in age and greater postprandial colonic motility in patients with IBS, which may contribute to postprandial symptoms. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018;24:87-95)
Biopsychosocial Model of Irritable Bowel Syndrome
( Yukari Tanaka ),( Motoyori Kanazawa ),( Shin Fukudo ),( Douglas A Drossman ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2011 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.17 No.2
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common chronic disorder seen in gastroenterology and primary care practice. It is characterized by recurrent abdominal pain or discomfort associated with disturbed bowel function. It is a heterogeneous disorder with varying treatments, and in this regard physicians sometimes struggle with finding the optimal approach to management of patients with IBS. This disorder induces high health care costs and variably reduces health-related quality of life. IBS is in the class of functional gastrointestinal disorders, and results from dysregulation of central and enteric nervous system interactions. Psychosocial factors are closely related to their gut physiology, associated cognitions, symptom manifestations and illness behavior. Therefore, it is important for the physician to recognize the psychosocial issues of patients with IBS and in addition to build a good patient-physician relationship in order to optimize treatment. This review focuses on the interaction between psychological and physiological factors associated with IBS by using a biopsychosocial model. In this article, we describe (1) the predisposing psychological features seen in early life; (2) the psychological factors associated with life stress, the symptom presentation, and their associated coping patterns; (3) gut pathophysiology with emphasis on disturbances in motility, visceral hypersensitivity and brain-gut interactions; and finally (4) the clinical outcomes and effective treatments including psychotherapeutic methods. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2011;17:131-139)
Generalization of Even-Shift Orthogonal Sequences to Multi-Dimension
Yukari TSUCHIYAMA,Shinya MATSUFUJI,Takahiro MATSUMOTO 대한전자공학회 2008 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2008 No.7
The even-shift orthogonal sequence (E-sequence) is a binary sequence, whose out-of-phase aperiodic autocorrelation function takes zero at any even shift. This paper considers the generalization of E-sequence to multidimension. It is shown that multi-dimensional E-sequences can be constructed by multi-dimensional complementary sequences. Especially a logic function generating multidimensional E-sequences of power-of-two length is formulated, which can give multi-dimensional E-sequences with a good correlation property that almost 3/4 of all shifts is zero.
“Improper” “Shakespeares” in Japan
Yukari Yoshihara 한국셰익스피어학회 2010 셰익스피어 비평 Vol.46 No.4
This paper explores how “improper” Shakespeares appropriate the “flagship commodity” and argue that they challenge us to re-examine the cultural authority of “authentic” Shakespeare in today’s globalized “Bardmart.” In spite of, or all the more because of, their irreverent and frivolous appropriation of Shakespeare, “improper” Shakespeares must, at least, depend upon Shakespeare’s global authority, at the same time as they are intent on showing that Shakespeare’s works themselves are nothing but commodities in entertainment business.
Effect of caspases and RANKL induced by heavy force in orthodontic root resorption
Yukari Minato,Masaru Yamaguchi,Mami Shimizu,Jun Kikuta,Takuji Hikida,Momoko Hikida,Masaaki Suemitsu,Kayo Kuyama,Kazutaka Kasai 대한치과교정학회 2018 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.48 No.4
Objective: Orthodontic root resorption (ORR) due to orthodontic tooth movement is a difficult treatment-related adverse event. Caspases are important effector molecules for apoptosis. At present, little is known about the mechanisms underlying ORR and apoptosis in the cementum. The aim of the present in vivo study was to investigate the expression of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), caspase 3, caspase 8, and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) in the cementum in response to a heavy or an optimum orthodontic force. Methods: The maxillary molars of male Wistar rats were subjected to an orthodontic force of 10 g or 50 g using a closed coil spring. The rats were sacrificed each experimental period on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 after orthodontic force application. And the rats were subjected to histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses. Results: On day 7 for the 50-g group, hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed numerous root resorption lacunae with odontoclasts on the root, while immunohistochemistry showed increased TRAP- and RANKL-positive cells. Caspase 3- and caspase 8-positive cells were increased on the cementum surfaces in the 50-g group on days 3 and 5. Moreover, the number of caspase 3- and caspase 8-positive cells and RANKL-positive cells was significantly higher in the 50-g group than in the 10-g group. Conclusions: In our rat model, ORR occurred after apoptosis was induced in the cementum by a heavy orthodontic force. These findings suggest that apoptosis of cementoblasts is involved in ORR.[Korean J Orthod 2018;48(4):253-261]