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유산양 유즙으로부터 분리된 세균의 분포 및 항균제 감수성 검사
김혜라 ( Hye Ra Kim1 ),정지영 ( Ji Young Jung ),김선득 ( Seon Deuk Kim ),박준영 ( Jun Young Park ),조인영 ( In Young Cho ),신성식 ( Sung Shik Shin ),손창호 ( Chang Ho Son ),오기석 ( Ki Seok Ok ),허태영 ( Tai Young Hur ),정영훈 ( Y 한국동물위생학회 2012 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.35 No.4
The aim of this study was to isolate microorganisms from half milk samples of dairy goats by California mastitis test (CMT) during the lactation period and to further investigate the susceptibility of isolated organisms to antimicrobial drugs. From a total of 235 half milk samples with CMT scores of 2 or above from 366 dairy goats distributed throughout Jeonnam province, microorganisms were isolated from 198 (83.5%) samples either singly (99.0%) or in combination (1.0%). The most prevalent microorganism was the coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp., (44.4%, n=88) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (24.2%, n=48), Escherichia coli (11.1%, n=22) and Streptococcus spp. (7.6%, n=15). Isolated bacteria also included Bacillus spp. (2.5%, n=5), Pseudomonas spp. (2.5%, n=5), Micrococcus spp. (1.5%, n=3), Corynebacterium spp. (1.5%, n=3), Enterococcus facium (1.0%, n=2), Morganella morganii (0.5%, n=1) and Streptococcus agalactiae (0.5%, n=1). During the summer season, a high prevalence of all micro-organisms were observed in which Staphylococcus spp. (30.8%), Escherichia coli (8.6%), and Streptococcus spp. (5.6%) were among the most prevalent bacteria isolated. Staphylococcus spp. was also shown to be high in the winter (21.7%). In most samples, the presence of bacterial pathogens in goat milk led to the increase in the total somatic cell count (SCC). Most of the half milk samples of dairy goats with bacterial contamination showed SCC of ≥1×10(6) cells/ml (90.4%). Minor pathogens (11.4%) were more detected from milk samples with SCC of <1×10(6) cells/ml than major pathogens (4.1%), while the major pathogens tended to be higher from samples with SCC of ≥3×10(6) cells/ml. Susceptibility of these bacteria to 12 antimicrobial agents was tested by the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Results indicated that more than 90% of bacteria isolated from CMT 2+ dairy goat half milk samples were susceptible to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, amoxicillin/clavulanic, enrofloxacin and cephalothin while they were resistant to tetracycline (44.7%).
Hyo Jeong Kim1,2,Jun Hyuek Yang,Hyun Soo Kim,Yeo Jin Kim,Wonhee Jang,Young Rok Seo,W. Jang,Y. R. Seo 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2017 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.13 No.1
I ntensive usage of electronic appliances containing lithium batteries causes an accumulation of e-trash. Environmental exposure to lithium batteries contaminates ecosystems. In air and water, the batteries form lithium hydroxide (LiOH) on their surfaces. LiOH enters the aquatic environment and contaminates the aquatic ecosystem by being absorbed into biological organisms. In this study, in order to identify meaningful potential biomarkers that appear in response to lithium, we measured significantly up- and down-regulated genes after LiOH exposure by conducting a microarray. In addition, we explored the functions of differentially expressed daphnia genes, and we conducted a comparative analysis in other species, Daphnia spp. to humans, then analyzed the signaling pathways using the human gene set derived from daphnia sequences that are differentially expressed in response to LiOH using the NCBI-BLAST tool and Pathway studio. As a result, we identified signaling pathways and suggested several potential biomarkers that are up- or down-regulated in response to lithium. This study may contribute to the development of a biomonitoring system which can detect the ecotoxicity of lithium. Furthermore, lithium toxicity in humans can be predicted, so the study may also provide potential biomarkers of lithium exposure in humans.
M. Y. Hidayat1,H. M. Saud,A. A. Samsudin 한국미생물·생명공학회 2019 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.47 No.1
The rapid development of the poultry industry has led to the production of large amounts of manure, which produce substances like hydrogen sulfide (H2S) that contribute to odor pollution. H2S is a highly undesirable gas component and its removal from the environment is therefore necessary. Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) are widely known to remove contaminating H2S due to their ability to oxidize reduced sulfur compounds. In this study, three potential SOB (designated AH18, AH25, and AH28) that were previously isolated from a hot spring in Malaysia were identified by 16S rRNA gene analysis. Laboratory-scale biological deodorization experiments were conducted to test the performance of the three isolates—in the form of pure or mixed cultures, with the cells immobilized onto alginate as a carrier—in reducing the H2S from chicken manure. On the basis of 16S rRNA phylogenetic analysis, isolate AH18 was identified as Pseudomonas sp., whereas isolates AH25 and AH28 were identified as Achromobacter sp. The most active deodorizing isolate was AH18, with an H2S reduction rate of 74.7% (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, the reduction rates for isolates AH25 and AH28 were 54.2% and 60.8% (p > 0.05), respectively. However, the H2S removal performance was enhanced in the mixed culture, with a reduction rate of 81.9% (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the three potential SOB isolates were capable of reducing the H2S from chicken manure in the form of a pure culture immobilized on alginate, and the reduction performance was enhanced in the mixed culture.
Xiao Ting Jin,Li Song,Xiang Yuan Liu,Hang Qing Li,Long Cheng,Zhuo Yu Li1,,Z. Y. Li 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2017 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.13 No.2
Dichlorodiphenoxytrichloroethane (DDT), a persistent organic pollutant and hepatotoxicant, is used to control the malaria. However, scarce information exists on relevant effective inhibitors of DDT’ toxicity. The aim of this study was to investigate protective effects of natural antioxidants vitamin C (VC) or/and vitamin E (VE) on p,pʹ-DDT-induced genotoxicity and hepatotoxicity in human liver cells. p,pʹ-DDT exposure increased levels of chromatin condensation, comet parameter, micronucleus induction and DPC coefficient of HL-7702 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Also, an increase in mRNA levels of CYP1A1 as well as CYP3A4, and a decrease in UGT along with GST were observed. Interestingly, supplementation with VC or/and VE prevented p,pʹ-DDT-caused alterations in DNA damage and phase metabolism gene expressions, and the combination of VC and VE had a more protective effect than VC or VE alone. These findings illustrated that VC or/and VE could be beneficial for the alleviation of p,pʹ-DDT-incurred toxicity in human liver cells.
( H S Xu1 ),( D B Sun ),( H Y Yu ),( H M Meng ) 한국부식방식학회(구 한국부식학회) 2015 Corrosion Science and Technology Vol.14 No.6
The capacity of passive metal to repassivate after film damage determines the development of local corrosion and the resistance to corrosion failures. In this work, the repassivation kinetics of 316L stainless steel (316LSS) was investigated in borate buffer solution (pH 9. 1) using a novel abrading electrode technique. The repassivation kinetics was analyzed in terms of the current density flowing from freshly bare 316L SS surface as measured by a potentiostatic method. During the early phase of decay (t < 2 s), according to the Avrami kinetics-based film growth model, the transient current was separated into anodic dissolution (idiss) and film formation (ifilm) components and analyzed individually. The film reformation rate and thickness were compared according to applied potential. Anodic dissolution initially dominated the repassivation for a short time, and the amount of dissolution increased with increasing applied potential in the passive region. Film growth at higher potentials occurred more rapidly compared to at lower potentials. Increasing the applied potential from 0 VSCE to 0. 8 VSCE resulted in a thicker passive film (0. 12 to 0. 52 nm). If the oxide monolayer covered the entire bare surface (θ=1), the electric field strength through the thin passive film reached 1. 6 × 107 V/cm.
강태경 ( T. G. Kang ),이상희 ( S. H. Lee ),최용 ( Y. Choi ),김진구 ( J. G. Kim ),현창식 ( C. S. Hyun ),안세웅 ( S. W. An ),김태형 ( T. H. Kim1 ) 한국농업기계학회 2020 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.25 No.1
고추는 국내 양념채소의 22%의 점유율을 가지고 있는 매우 중요한 작물이다. 하지만 고추의 재배면적은 2006년 53,097ha에서 2017년 28,337ha로 약 40% 감소하였으며, 이와 더불어 생산량 또한 2006년 352,977톤에서 2017년 241,946톤으로 30%이상 감소하였다, 이러한 현상의 문제점으로는 국내 농촌 노동력의 부족과 고령화현상이 있다. 또한 밭작물 중 고추의 기계화율은 46%로 타 작물들에 비해 현저하게 떨어지는 상황이다. 그 중 경운 및 정지(97.7%), 비닐 피복작업(58.5%), 방제(90.96%)를 제외하면 거의 기계화가 이뤄지지 않은 실정이며 파종 및 정식작업은 0%로 전혀 기계화가 진행되지 않았다. 고추 작물에 대한 기계화 요구는 높지만 농가의 재배 규모 또한 0.3ha이하가 92%를 차지하고 있어 임대사업에 포함이 가능한 고추 정식기 개발이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 묘 취출, 이송, 공급, 정식, 복토가 동시에 작업이 가능한 2조식 고추 정식기를 설계 및 제작하고 이에 대한 작동 실험을 진행하였다. 고추 정식기의 각 부는 체인 이송방식으로 제작한 육묘 트레이 이송부, 집게형 묘 취출 장치를 사용한 묘 취출부, 공급호퍼에서 1차로 묘를 받아서 수평으로 밀어주는 묘 이송부, 이송부에서 전달된 묘를 마지막으로 포장에 정식하는 식부부로 이루어져 있다. 각 부분에 대한 작동 실험 결과 육묘 트레이 이송부는 기체 주변의 간섭 없이 원활하게 작동되었으며, 묘 취출부에서도 1열에 5개씩을 정확하게 취출하여 이송부에 공급하였다. 하지만 묘 이송부 작동 실험과 식부부 실험에서는 횡 이송 호퍼 사이에 이탈된 묘가 끼는 현상이 발생하여 보완 제작 후 추가 실험을 진행할 예정이다.