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Xian song Chen 한국서예학회 2018 서예학연구 Vol.33 No.-
The Weili zhi dao 為吏之道 (The Way of Being an Official), as a part of the Qin bamboo slips from Shuihudi 睡虎地 (excavated in 1975) documents, is the first discovery of Qin bamboo slips in China, which is of great significance. From the analysis of the calligraphy features of the Weili zhi dao, we can divide it into three styles. But through the careful analysis of its handwriting, I believe that these bamboo slips were probably wrote by one person——Xi 喜, who was the owner of the Shuihudi Tomb. And he wrote these slips in different periods of time. From the analysis of calligraphy features, We can find the following obvious characteristics: the use of right-falling stroke and left-falling stroke, the use of point stroke, the change of stroke weight and the lateral tendency of the characters. These features indicate that the Weili zhi dao was a typical representative in the stage of Libian 隸變 (one phase of the changing of calligraphy which evolved from the ancient characters to the Lishu.) From the analysis of the content of its text, we could learn that there are many similarities with the Confucian classics, such as The Analects, and Confucianism. It shows that the introduction and absorption of Confucianism by the Shuihudi documents. 《为吏之道》为云梦县睡虎地秦简中的一部分。从书法风格上来说,可以分为三种,但通过字迹分析,认为其书手为一人,很可能是墓主人“喜”在不同时间段所书。书法特征上,其中波笔和掠笔的使用、点的运用、笔画粗细的变化以及横向取势等特征,说明其夹杂着篆书和隶书,是处于隶变阶段的一个典型代表。内容上,其中有很多与儒家经典和儒家思想相似之处,反映了睡虎地秦律对儒家思想的引用、吸收。
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Chen, Xian-Kai,Kim, Dongwook,Bré,das, Jean-Luc American Chemical Society 2018 Accounts of chemical research Vol.51 No.9
<P><B>Conspectus</B></P><P>Since the seminal work of Tang and Vanslyke in 1987 on small-molecule emitters and that of Friend and co-workers in 1990 on conjugated-polymer emitters, organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) have attracted much attention from academia as well as industry, as the OLED market is estimated to reach the $30 billion mark by the end of 2018. In these first-generation organic emitters, on the basis of simple spin statistics, electrical excitation resulted in the formation of ∼25% singlet excitons and ∼75% triplet excitons. Radiative decay of the singlet excitons to the singlet ground state leads to a prompt fluorescence emission, while the triplet excitons only lead to weak phosphorescence due to the very small spin-orbit couplings present in purely organic molecules. The consequence is a ca. 75% energy loss, which triggered wide-ranging efforts to try and harvest as many of the triplet excitons as possible. In 1998, Thompson, Forrest, and their co-workers reported second-generation OLED emitters based on coordination complexes with heavy transition metals (e.g., iridium or platinum). Here, the triplet excitons stimulate efficient and fast phosphorescence due to the strong spin-orbit couplings enabled by the heavy-metal atoms. Internal quantum efficiencies (IQE) up to 100% have been reported, which means that for every electron injected into the device, a photon is emitted. While these second-generation emitters are those mainly exploited in current OLED applications, there is strong impetus from both cost and environmental standpoints to find new ways of exploiting purely organic emitters, which in addition can offer greater flexibility to fine-tune the electronic and optical properties by exploiting the synthetic organic chemistry toolbox.</P><P>In 2012, Adachi and co-workers introduced a promising strategy, based on thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), to harvest the triplet excitons in purely organic molecular materials. These materials now represent the third generation of OLED emitters. Impressive photophysical properties and device performances have been reported, with internal quantum efficiencies also reaching nearly 100%.</P><P>Our objectives in this Account are threefold: (i) to lay out a comprehensive description, at the molecular level, of the fundamental photophysical processes behind TADF emitters; (ii) to discuss some of the challenges facing the design of TADF emitters, such as the need to balance the efficiency of thermal activation of triplet excitons into the singlet manifold with the efficiency of radiative transition to the ground state; and (iii) to highlight briefly some of the recent molecular-design strategies that pave the way to new classes of TADF materials.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
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Chen, Ji-Dong,Xiong, Yan-Qun,Dong, Ke,Luo, Jun,Yue, Lin-Xian,Chen, Qin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.11
Objective: To investigate the changes of serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), soluble interleukin-2 receptor (SIL-2R) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) contents in patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) before and after percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy (PMCT) and determine their clinical significance. Materials and Methods: Fasting venous blood (3 mL) from 81 patients with primary HCC diagnosed by pathology was collected in the mornings 1 day before PMCT, and 1 day, 7 days and 1 month after PMCT, and then the serum was separated and stored in $-70^{\circ}C$. The contents of VEGF, SIL-2R and HGF were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The serum VEGF, SIL-2R and HGF contents in 81 patients with primary HCC had obviously dynamic changes before and after PMCT. By comparison to 1 day after PMCT with pre-operation, there was no statistical significance regarding VEGF and SIL-2R contents (P>0.05), but HGF content showed significant difference (P<0.01). Compared with pre-operation, VEGF, SIL-2R and HGF contents 7 days and 1 month after PMCT all manifested significant differences (P<0.01). By comparison to 7 days with 1 month after PMCT, there was no statistical significance regarding the VEGF content (P>0.05), whereas SIL-2R and HGF contents showed significant change (P<0.01). Conclusions: The contents of serum VEGF, SIL-2R and HGF have obviously dynamic changes in primary HCC before and after PMCT, and their joint detection is expected to be an effective hematologic evaluation index of PMCT for primary HCC.
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Xian Chen,Zhong Zhong,Wei Lu 한국기상학회 2018 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.54 No.4
In the case study of this paper, sensitivity experiments are carried out using the mesoscale non-hydrostaticWeather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model to investigate the impact of tropical cyclone (TC) Soudelor (2003) on the East Asian subtropical upper-level jet (EASJ) before TC Soudelor transformed into an extratropical cyclone. The physical mechanism for changes in the EASJ intensity and position caused by TC Soudelor is explored. Results indicate that TC Soudelor would warm the air in the middle and upper troposphere over the Japan Sea and the adjacent areas through stimulating northward propagating teleconnection pattern as well as releasing large amounts of latent heat, which led to increase (decrease) the meridional air temperature gradient to the south (north) below the EASJ axis. As a result, the geopotential height abnormally increased in the upper troposphere, resulting in an anomalous anticyclonic circulation belt along the EASJ axis. Correspondingly, the westerly winds to the north (south) of the EASJ axis intensified (weakened) and the EASJ axis shifted northward by one degree. The case study also suggests that before the extratropical cyclone transition of TC Soudelor, the TC activities had exerted significant impacts on the EASJ through thermodynamic processes.
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Xian Lin,Jinling Chen,Gengsheng Xiao,Yujuan Xu,Daobang Tang,Jijun Wu,Jing Wen,Weidong Chen 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.3
Ultrasonic-microwave synergistic extraction (UMSE) was optimized for the extraction of oligosaccharides from longan pulp (OLP). Box-Behnken design was used to evaluate the effects of temperature (35-55oC), ultrasonic time (5-25 min), and water to material ratio (10-30 mL/g) on the extraction efficiency of crude OLP. A regression model was developed and its validity was statistically demonstrated. Significant interaction between temperature and water to material ratio was observed. The following optimal conditions for the extraction yield of crude OLP were determined: extraction temperature 55oC, ultrasonic time 18.52 min, and water to material ratio 10 mL/g. The extracted OLP were purified for the determination of molecular weight distribution and antioxidant activity. Results of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry revealed that the molecular weight distribution of the purified OLP ranged from m/z 495.138 to 795.511. The purified OLP exhibited a dose-dependent behavior in 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity.
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Chen, Pengqi,Xu, Xian,Wei, Bangzheng,Chen, Jiayu,Qin, Yongqiang,Cheng, Jigui Korean Nuclear Society 2021 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.53 No.5
Oxide dispersion strengthening (ODS) tungsten alloys are highly desirable in irradiation applications. However, how to improve the properties of ODS-tungsten alloys efficiently has been worth studying for a long time. Here we report a nanostructuring approach that achieves W-La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> alloy with a high level of flexural strength and Vickers hardness at room temperature, which have the maximum value of 581 MPa and 703 Hv, respectively. This method named solution combustion synthesis (SCS) can generate 30 nm coating structures W-La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> composite powders by using Keggin-type structural polyoxometalates as raw materials in a fast and low-cost process. The composite powder can be fabricated to W-La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> alloy with an optimal microstructure of submicrometric W grains coexisting with nanometric oxide particles in the grain interior, and a stability interface structure of grain boundaries (GBs) by forming transition zones. The method can be used to prepare new ODS alloys with excellent properties in the future.
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Zhao, Xian-Da,He, Yu-Yu,Gao, Jun,Zhao, Chen,Zhang, Ling-Lin,Tian, Jing-Yuan,Chen, Hong-Lei Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.20
Background: The prognostic value of Bcl-2 protein expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is under debate. We therefore systematically reviewed the evidence for Bcl-2 protein effects on NSCLC survival to elucidate this issue. Materials and Methods: An electronic search in Pubmed and Embase complemented by manual searches in article references were conducted to identify eligible studies to evaluate the association between Bcl-2 protein expression and overall survival (OS) as well as disease free survival (DFS) of NSCLC patients. Combined hazard ratios (HRs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were pooled using the random-effects model. Results: A total of 50 trials (including 52 cohorts) encompassing 7,765 patients were pooled in the meta-analysis regarding Bcl-2 expression and OS of NSCLC patients. High expression of Bcl-2 protein had a favorable impact (HR=0.76, 95%CI=0.67-0.86). In the group of Bcl-2 expression and DFS, 11 studies including 2,634 patients were included. The synthesized result indicated high expression of Bcl-2 protein might predict good DFS (HR=0.85, 95%CI=0.75-0.95). Conclusions: Our present meta-analysis demonstrated favorable prognostic values of Bcl-2 expression in patients with NSCLC. Further prospective trails are welcomed to validate the utility of assessing Bcl-2 in NSCLC patient management.
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