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Replication of butterfly wing microstructures using molding lithography
Shao-Hui Kang,Tzu-Yao Tai,Te-Hua Fang 한국물리학회 2010 Current Applied Physics Vol.10 No.2
This study employed a soft lithography technique to fabricate a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) replica of the multi-layered scales on the upper surface of a Morpho butterfly. The bionic photonic crystal microstructure of the replicated scales was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The absorptivity, reflectivity and fluorescent characteristics of the wing were measured. The results showed that the microstructural and optical characteristics of the replicated wing qualitatively agree with those of the actual wing. The contact angle for the natural wing structure and the replicated wing were about 143˚ and 120˚, respectively. As a result, it can be inferred that the soft lithography technique employed in this study represents a viable approach for the mass production of artificial photonic crystal structures for a variety of commercial applications, including optical elements for computing and communications purposes, photonic integrated circuits, anti-counterfeiting mechanisms, and so forth.
Wu Sing-Shan,Tseng Ching-Tzu,Yang Yu-Hung,Liu Yao-Chia,Chang Ju-Chun,Gyawali Purushottam,Li Yi-Hsuan,Yang Tzu-Hao,Tsai Yi-Fang,Tang Li-Cheng,Nai Yu-Shin 한국응용곤충학회 2022 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.25 No.4
The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, is an emerging invasive pest in Taiwan that feeds on a wide range of crops and causes serious damage. Herein, an entomopathogenic fungal library (EFLib) was constructed to identify potential microbes to control FAW. Twenty-eight indigenous entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) were iso lated and investigated for their potential pathogenicity, with Metarhizium pinghaense (Mp-NCHU-124) and Beauveria bassiana (Bb-NCHU-157) exerting dose-dependent effects on the 4th instar FAW larvae. The non-ionic surfactant Silwet L-77 rapidly killed FAW larvae after spraying at a concentration of 300 mg/kg and the toxic effect of Silwet L-77 on FAW larvae was dose-dependent. When the EPF isolates (10 6 conidia/mL) were applied to FAW larvae in combination with the non-ionic surfactant Silwet L-77 (30–90 mg/kg), the mortality rate dramatically increased and the LT 50 reduced, with increased fungal mycosis (Mp-NCHU-124: 38% to 72% and Bb-NCHU-157: 20 to 62%), indicating the high compatibility of EPF with the non-ionic surfactant. Thus, the Silwet L-77+EPF combined formulation has potential for practical field application for FAW pest control and sustainable agriculture in the future.
Chyong-Huey Lai,Elizabeth Vallikad,Hao Lin,Lan-Yan Yang,Shih-Ming Jung,Hsueh-Erh Liu,Yu-Che Ou,Hung-Hsueh Chou,Cheng-Tao Lin,Huei-Jean Huang,Kuan-Gen Huang,Jiantai Qiu,Yao-Ching Hung,Tzu-I Wu,Wei-Yang 대한부인종양학회 2020 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.31 No.1
Objectives: An Asian Gynecologic Oncology Group phase III randomized trial was conducted to determine whether maintenance chemotherapy could improve progression-free survival (PFS) in stages III/IV ovarian cancer. Methods: Between 2007 and 2014, 45 newly-diagnosed ovarian cancer patients were enrolled after complete remission and randomized (1:1) to arm A (4-weekly carboplatin area under the curve 4 and pegylated liposomal doxorubicin [PLD] 30 mg/m2, n=24) for 6 cycles or arm B (observation, n=21). The primary end-point was PFS. A post hoc translational study was conducted to deep sequence BRCA/homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) genes, because BRCA/HRD mutations (BRCA/HRDm) are known to be associated with better prognosis. Results: Enrollment was slow, accrual was closed when 7+ years had passed. With a median follow-up of 88.9 months, the median PFS was significantly better in arm A (55.5 months) than arm B (9.2 months) (hazard ratio [HR]=0.40; 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.19–0.87; p=0.020), yet the median overall survival was not significantly different in arm A (not reached) than arm B (95.1 months) (p=0.148). Overall grade 3/4 adverse events were more frequent in arm A than arm B (60.9% vs 0.0%) (p<0.001). Quality of life was generally not significantly different. Distribution of BRCA1/2m or BRCA/HRDm was not significantly biased between the two arms. Wild-type BRCA/non-HRD subgroup seemed to fare better with maintenance therapy (HR=0.35; 95% CI=0.11–1.18; p=0.091). Conclusions: Despite limitations in small sample size, it suggests that maintenance carboplatin-PLD chemotherapy could improve PFS in advanced ovarian cancer.