The Learnability of English Dative Alternation by Intermediate Korean University Students

SiYeon Pyo 한국영어어문교육학회 2017 영어어문교육 Vol.23 No.1

This study explores the learnability of English dative alternation by Korean EFL learners at intermediate levels by examining whether they are aware of the syntax and semantic constraints on English ditransitive verbs. Analysis of essays revealed the students’ strong propensity to use prepositional dative constructions more often than double object forms. Such a finding can be interpreted due to Korean postpositions, -eykey and –ulwihay, as counterparts of to and for in English respectively. The results of the AJT to examine the participants’ sensitivity to semantic constraint were obviously contrasted between licit and illicit forms. As for licit forms, the accuracy in goal verbs was much higher than that in benefactive ones; however, in terms of illicit forms, the result was completely opposite. Different semantic properties between L1 and L2 on ditransitive verb types are assumed to make L2 learners have difficulties in narrowing down the semantic value scope by positive evidence only, especially in benefactive ones. Based on the Subset Principle (Berwick, 1985) and the Tolerance Principle (Yang, 2005, 2016), such results suggest providing L2 learners with more opportunities to encounter L2 input in consideration of distributional properties of it to make them gradually retreat from overgeneralization on English dative alternation.

Does Missing Verbal Inflection Reflect the Absence of TP in L2 Grammar?

Siyeon Pyo 한국응용언어학회 2010 응용 언어학 Vol.26 No.4

This article reports on an experiment which investigated L2 syntactic knowledge of the Tense Phrase (TP) projection by Korean adult learners of English. The results from cross-sectional data obtained by 183 Korean college students provide compelling evidence for the presence of the TP projection. With their frequent use of uninflected verbs, they produced various substitute forms for finite inflected verbs as defective ones. Also, the errors regarding V-raising, ellipsis of subject or verb and the nominative case were close to zero in all groups although the errors regarding tense or agreement inflection were much more. Finally, both inflected and uninflected forms were used in the same context. These findings provide evidence for extended phrase structure of functional categories despite deficient morphological production caused by difficulties in realizing overt inflectional morphology.

Inhibitory Effects of Curcuma xanthorrhiza Supercritical Extract and Xanthorrhizol on LPS-Induced Inflammation in HGF-1 Cells and RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis in RAW264.7 Cells

( Siyeon Kim ),( Kyo Eun Kook ),( Changhee Kim ),( Jae-kwan Hwang ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2018 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.28 No.8

Periodontal disease is triggered by the host immune response to pathogens in the microbial biofilm. Worsening of periodontal disease destroys the tooth-supporting tissues and alveolar bone. As oral inflammation can induce systemic diseases in humans, it is important to prevent periodontal disease. In this study, we demonstrated that Curcuma xanthorrhiza supercritical extract (CXS) and its active compound, xanthorrhizol (XAN), exhibit anti-inflammatory effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated human gingival fibroblast-1 cells and anti-osteoclastic effects on receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL)-treated RAW264.7 cells. LPS-upregulated inflammatory factors, such as nuclear factor kappa B p65 and interleukin-1β, were prominently reduced by CXS and XAN. In addition, RANKL-induced osteoclastic factors, such as nuclear factor of activated T-cells c1, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, and cathepsin K, were decreased in the presence of CXS and XAN. CXS and XAN inhibited the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/activator protein-1 (AP-1) signaling pathway. Collectively, these results provide evidence that CXS and XAN suppress LPS-induced inflammation and RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis by suppressing the MAPK/AP-1 pathway.

The “Mechanical Operation” of Air and Madness in Swift`s Early Satire on Natural Philosophy

( Siyeon Lee ) 한국18세기영문학회 2015 18세기영문학 Vol.12 No.2

This paper proposes a new reading of Jonathan Swift’s early satire on Modern “Madness” in A Tale of a Tub, The Battel of the Books, and A Discourse Concerning the Mechanical Operation of the Spirit in the specific intellectual contexts of the vacuum debates and associated pneumatic experiments over the crucial decades leading to the consolidation of the new, experimental philosophy. The great vacuum debates prompted by Evangelista Torricelli’s 1644 baroscope experiment and continued by Robert Boyle’s air pump experiments in the 1660s and the subsequent Boyle-Hobbes controversy were at the center of seventeenth-century natural philosophical inquiry into the nature of “matter” in relation to “spirit” and the cause of “motion.” These were issues of immense theological and cosmological importance for every keen intellectual in the “pre-disciplinary” milieu of the time, and Swift was a fascinated if disapproving reader of the new philosophy that evolved around what he referred to as the “long Dispute among the Philosophers about a Vacuum.” His early satire on the typically Modern “Madness” as “Mechanical Operation of the Spirit” or “Vapours” mocks both the mechanical and discursive expertise of pneumatic experiments and debates in palpable detail. His satire in the Tale, Battel, and Discourse operates by confronting the philosophers against one another, that is, the dualist Descartes against the anti-dualist Hobbes and the experimentalist Boyle against the anti-experimentalist Hobbes, in such a manner that they mutually subvert their contentions and dissensions, which he ridicules are but the same “Madness” caused by the rise of “Vapours” from “within,” just like the air mechanically pumped up and down within Boyle’s “pneumatic engine.”

What Drives the Increase of Health Care Expenditures for the Elderly?

( Siyeon Ju ),( Jieun Song ),( Kyoungsun Park ) 한양대학교 경제연구소 2021 JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH Vol.26 No.3

This paper examines the driving forces behind the recent increase in health care expenditures (HCE) for elders, using the Korea mandatory health insurance data over 2004-2018 together with the Korean Health Panel (6-12^th waves). Our findings are two-fold. First, decomposing the total HCE into three factors, a demographic factor (the number of the elderly) and two non-demographic ones (the frequency of health care utilization and the price of medical treatments), we find that their relative contribution to the annual HCE increase accounts for 38.5%, 22.0%, and 39.5%, respectively. Second, from our two-part regression of time-to-death and age on the HCE growth, we find that proximity to death is a key force even after controlling for aging, morbidity, and income. These two results jointly imply that the HCE growth for the elderly has been accelerated by rising health care price and intensifying treatment particularly near to one’s end-of-life as well as the population aging.

Progress of Misogyny: Representing Prostitutes and the Pox in the Early Eighteenth Century

( Siyeon Lee ) 한국18세기영문학회 2018 18세기영문학 Vol.15 No.2

This study investigates how early eighteenth-century representations of London prostitutes captured the concomitant progress of the expansion of street prostitution and feminization of venereal disease onto the diseased prostitute body. The number of urban prostitutes, especially streetwalkers, sharply increased as they emerged as a compelling presence in London’s nightscape in this period, giving birth to the prototype of “Covent Garden nymphs,” the common subject of William Hogarth’s A Harlot’s Progress (1732) and Jonathan Swift’s prostitute poems. Hogarth’s pictorial narrative of Moll Hackabout pursues her progress from arrival in London to syphilitic death in six densely historicizing images, each centering on Moll’s body, inevitably diseased and degenerating. The diseased prostitute body appears larger than life in Swift’s “A Beautiful Young Nymph Going to Bed” (1731) and “Progress of Beauty” (1719), where the “rotting” flesh and “running sores” threaten to liquefy the venereal bodies of Covent Garden prostitutes, similarly to that of Hogarth’s dying Moll. In both Hogarth’s and Swift’s representations, the London prostitute is no longer the archetypal whore or the Restoration courtesan but one among the legion of poor and diseased streetwalkers. The dominant image of the diseased prostitute body evolved alongside a new theory of venereal disease, which pathologized the (overheated) womb as ‘cause’ of venereal disease by mixing and thereby ‘putrefying’ semen from numerous men. This theory, informed by the new science of iatrochemistry of the late seventeenth century, quickly displaced Renaissance venereological discourse and myths with a ‘Modern’ and essentially misogynous view of the female, implicitly prostitute, body. The unnerving parallels between Hogarth’s Harlot and the Lady in Marriage a la Mode and between Swift’s nymphs and the Lady of “The Lady’s Dressing Room” show how the progress of misogyny reached much farther than the precincts of Covent Garden.

Clinical Experience of Surgical Management of Hyperparathyroidism in a Single Institution

SIYEON LEE 대한외과학회 2022 대한외과학회 학술대회 초록집 Vol.2022 No.5

The Englishman in the New Worlds: Reforming Aliens and Savages in English New-World Fictions

( Siyeon Lee ) 한국근대영미소설학회 2021 근대 영미소설 Vol.28 No.3

This essay examines four English ‘new world’ fictions―New Atlantis, The Man in the Moone, Robinson Crusoe, and Gulliver’s Travels―against the backdrop of early modern Europe’s shifting outlooks on the new worlds and their inhabitants. The unique Earth-centered finite universe/world envisioned by pre-modern Christendom became increasingly untenable with discoveries of new worlds on Earth by Columbus and in the moon and beyond by Copernicans, thus giving way to the idea of plural Earths/worlds. Encounters with new world inhabitants also raised questions as to their origins and salvific status, for they did not fit into the biblical history of all humanity as Adam’s descendants in need of salvation for their Original Sin. Concurring with the Reformation and Counter-Reformation era, these developments ushered in a race of missions, to the New World in particular, between Catholics and Protestants. Seen in this context, the English new world fictions proceed from depicting Spanish travelers’ ill-fated mission to exulting at the culmination of the English mission in Crusoe’s Protestant Friday. Gulliver’s inverted conversion to Houyhnhnmism serves as a two-way critique of Spanish atrocities in the New World and the Protestant mission, as projected by Robert Boyle, to reform the (new) world in the image of the Englishman.

Smart Fitness Wear Embedded with Conductive Films based-sEMG Electrodes and Its Validity Tests on the Muscle Activity Measurements: A pilot study

Siyeon Kim(김시연),Juyoung Chun(천주영),Daeyoung Lim(임대영),Euichul Kwon(권의철),Wonyoung Jeong(정원영) 대한인간공학회 2019 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2019 No.10

Werewolves, Giants, and Gulliver: Marvelous Bodies in the Posthuman Predicament

( Siyeon Lee ) 한국18세기영문학회 2021 18세기영문학 Vol.18 No.2

This essay proposes to reappraise the monstrous creatures at the liminality of humanity in Gerald of Wales’s Topography of Ireland and Jonathan Swift’s Gulliver’s Travels as marvelous bodies in the posthuman predicament, particularly at the intersection of the posthuman and the colonial. Apart from its latest theoretical sophistication and primary associations with the cyborgic human, posthuman thinking is not confined to the present century but stimulates new readings of older texts, committed to reconsidering the human itself and the human-nonhuman boundaries, challenging the unitary, normative subject of the Enlightenment, and understanding bodies of difference from non-normative perspective. This essay focuses on the different ways Gerald’s and Swift’s monstrous creatures appear to viewers, for the monstrous is associated both etymologically and cognitively with morphological transgression and constructed as such in certain frames of view. Despite the manifestly colonial agenda of the Topography as a whole, the story of the werewolves of Ossory grants them potent subjectivity in both text and illustration, and Gerald’s own intervention in the story suggests ambiguity, thus partially conceding to the ailing she-wolf demanding to die a human. In contrast, Gulliver is the first giant in the Travels whose voracious body and behavior, threatening carnage and cannibalism, embodies the very monstrous, and he further suffers a series of dysmorphic transformation. Oblivious to his own posthuman shapeshifting, Gulliver turns to all other bodies than his own the dehumanizing view of a micrographer like Robert Hook, denying their wholeness in difference. It is this Gulliverian eye that reduces Irish bodies to mere edibles, wearables, and biodegradables in A Modest Proposal. Gulliver is subjected to that very microscopic inspection by Brobdingnaggian philosophers and labelled Lusus Naturæ. It turns out that monstrosity is in the enhanced and Enlightened eye of the beholder, like the deformed eyes of the Laputans.