ON THE PERFORMANCE OF PERMEABLE PAVERS

BALL JAMES E,RANKIN K 한국수자원학회 2005 한국수자원학회 학술대회 Vol.2005 No.1

Surgical Rib Fracture Fixation: Early Operative Intervention Improves Outcomes

James Dixon,Iain Rankin,Nicholas Diston,Joaquim Goffin,Iain Stevenson 대한심장혈관흉부외과학회 2024 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.57 No.2

Background: This study aimed to assess the outcomes of patients with complex rib fractures undergoing operative or nonoperative management at our major trauma center. Methods: A retrospective review of all patients who were considered for surgical stabilization of rib fractures (SSRF) at a single major trauma center from May 2016 to September 2022 was performed. Results: In total, 352 patients with complex rib fractures were identified. Thirty-seven patients (11%) fulfilled the criteria for surgical management and underwent SSRF. The SSRF group had a significantly higher proportion of patients with flail chest (32 [86%] vs. 94 [27%], p<0.001) or Injury Severity Score (ISS) >15 (37 [100%] vs. 129 [41%], p<0.001). No significant differences were seen between groups for 1-year mortality. Patients who underwent SSRF within 72 hours were 6 times less likely to develop pneumonia than those in whom SSRF was delayed for over 72 hours (2 [18%] vs. 15 [58%]; odds ratio, 0.163; 95% confidence interval, 0.029–0.909; p=0.036). Prompt SSRF showed non-significant associations with shorter intensive care unit length of stay (6 days vs. 10 days, p=0.140) and duration of mechanical ventilation (5 days vs. 8 days, p=0.177). SSRF was associated with a longer hospital length of stay compared to nonoperative patients with flail chest and/or ISS >15 (19 days vs. 13 days, p=0.012), whilst SSRF within 72 hours was not. Conclusion: Surgical fixation of complex rib fractures improves outcomes in selected patient groups. Delayed surgical fixation was associated with increased rates of pneumonia and a longer hospital length of stay.

Risk Reduction Behavior and Work-Related Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Korean Blue Collar Workers

Won Ju Hwang,Oisaeng Hong,Sally H Rankin,Mi Ja Kim 한국간호과학회 2011 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2011 No.10

Effects of pressure on structure and extinction limits of counterflow nonpremixed water-laden methane/air flames

Lee, Seungro,Ha, Heonrok,Dunn-Rankin, Derek,Kwon, Oh Chae Pergamon Press 2017 Energy Vol.134 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Structure and extinction limits of counterflow nonpremixed water (H<SUB>2</SUB>O)-laden methane (CH<SUB>4</SUB>)/air flames at various pressures are computationally investigated to better understand combustion processes of fuel having naturally high H<SUB>2</SUB>O (vapor) content under elevated pressures. Using a detailed kinetic mechanism and a statistical narrow-band radiation model, the flame structure and extinction limits are predicted for elevated pressures and a wide range of flame strain rates and compared with those at atmospheric pressure. Results show that with increasing pressure the maximum flame temperature increases and the extinction limits are generally extended due to the reduced amount of dissociation and the enhanced radiation reabsorption of H<SUB>2</SUB>O, indicating that flames can sustain more H<SUB>2</SUB>O vapor at elevated pressure. The concentration of active radicals and the flame thickness decrease with increasing pressure. The observed flammable range of the H<SUB>2</SUB>O to CH<SUB>4</SUB> molar ratio at elevated pressures is comparable to that found in self-sustained combustion of CH<SUB>4</SUB> hydrates at atmospheric pressure, and the chemical effects of H<SUB>2</SUB>O addition on flame structure are insignificant. Elevated pressure enhances the formation of soot precursors such as acetylene (C<SUB>2</SUB>H<SUB>2</SUB>), implying an opposite tendency from the water addition effects.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Maximum flame temperature increases with increasing pressure. </LI> <LI> Extinction limits are extended with elevated pressure. </LI> <LI> Enhanced recombination and radiation reabsorption of H<SUB>2</SUB>O cause these tendencies. </LI> <LI> Elevated pressure enhances formation of soot precursor C<SUB>2</SUB>H<SUB>2</SUB>. </LI> <LI> Thermal effect of H<SUB>2</SUB>O addition on flame structure at elevated pressure is dominant. </LI> </UL> </P>

Predictors of Health-Promoting Behavior Associated With Cardiovascular Diseases Among Korean Blue-Collar Workers

Hwang, Won Ju,Hong, Oi Saeng,Rankin, Sally H. SAGE Publications 2015 Asia-Pacific journal of public health Vol.27 No.2

<P>The aim of this study was to investigate the contribution of actual cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks, psychosocial and work-related factors as predictors of health behavior. A sample of 234 Korean blue-collar workers, who worked in small companies, was included in this cross-sectional study. Data collection included a survey; anthropometric and blood pressure measures; and blood sampling. Multiple regression analyses showed that the model explained 30% of the variance in health behavior of blue-collar workers. The significant predictors for health behavior included education level, perceived general health, greater family function, higher social support, decision latitude, and non-shift work. Future research should focus on incorporating these significant predictors into effective behavioral interventions designed to promote cardiovascular health in this population.</P>

Preoperative Bariatric Surgery Predictors of Type 2 Diabetes Remission

Joshua Fultang,Ugochukwu Chinaka,Jean Rankin,Andisheh Bakhshi,Abdulmajid Ali 대한비만학회 2021 The Korean journal of obesity Vol.30 No.2

Obesity represents a significant proportion of the global public health burden, with the World Health Organization (WHO) estimating more than 600 million people are affected worldwide. Unfortunately, the epidemic of obesity is linked to the increased prevalence of associated metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Bariatric surgery as an intervention has been shown to provide sustainable weight loss, and also leads to superior short- and long-term metabolic benefits including T2DM remission. Despite this added advantage conferred by bariatric surgery, emerging evidence has shown that not all patients with T2DM achieve remission postoperatively. As such, to improve patient selection and optimize preoperative counselling, research has focused on the preoperative predictors of T2DM remission following bariatric surgery. Herein, we provide a critical review of the current literature addressing preoperative predictors of T2DM remission and highlight the current gaps in the literature. The review comprised a multistage advanced electronic search of the Ovid/Medline, Embase, and Cochrane online libraries to identify available studies published over the last decade.

Nano-structured composite calcium silicate and some novel applications

James H. Johnston,Thomas Borrmann,Daniel Rankin,Mathew Cairns,James E. Grindrod,Andrew Mcfarlane 한국물리학회 2008 Current Applied Physics Vol.8 No.3,4

Composite nano-structured calcium silicate materials have been prepared by reaction of a silica-containing solution with calcium ionsat elevated pH, characterised and tested in metal adsorption and anti-microbial applications. The material comprises nano-size plateletsthat self-assemble into particles of about 15l m in size with an open framework structure. These exhibit a high pore volume and liquidabsorption of about 500600 g oil 100 g. 1 silicate and a high accessible surface area of up to about 600 m2 g. 1trollable in the synthesis process. It has a high whiteness and brightness. XRD shows only short range order. The surface of the nano-sizeplatelets contain both silanol (SiOH) groups and Ca2+ ions which provide bonding sites for the adsorption of metal cations. As such,the nano-structured calcium silicate exhibits an excellent ability to recover metal cations from solutions such as Cu2+ down to the1mgkg. 1 level, demonstrating its potential in environmental clean-up applications. Similarly, silver ions can be adsorbed with the result-ing nano-structured calcium silicatesilver composites showing excellent antimicrobial activity againstStaphylococcus aureus(ATCC25923) down to very low silver levels of 1 mg kg. 1. The silver cannot be leached out easily. These composite particles can be incorporatedinto surface coatings, plastics and food packaging as an easily useable, eective and durable anti-microbial agent.