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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : James H. Johnston (검색결과 4 건)
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Nano-structured composite calcium silicate and some novel applications
James H. Johnston,Thomas Borrmann,Daniel Rankin,Mathew Cairns,James E. Grindrod,Andrew Mcfarlane 한국물리학회 2008 Current Applied Physics Vol.8 No.3,4
Composite nano-structured calcium silicate materials have been prepared by reaction of a silica-containing solution with calcium ionsat elevated pH, characterised and tested in metal adsorption and anti-microbial applications. The material comprises nano-size plateletsthat self-assemble into particles of about 15l m in size with an open framework structure. These exhibit a high pore volume and liquidabsorption of about 500600 g oil 100 g. 1 silicate and a high accessible surface area of up to about 600 m2 g. 1trollable in the synthesis process. It has a high whiteness and brightness. XRD shows only short range order. The surface of the nano-sizeplatelets contain both silanol (SiOH) groups and Ca2+ ions which provide bonding sites for the adsorption of metal cations. As such,the nano-structured calcium silicate exhibits an excellent ability to recover metal cations from solutions such as Cu2+ down to the1mgkg. 1 level, demonstrating its potential in environmental clean-up applications. Similarly, silver ions can be adsorbed with the result-ing nano-structured calcium silicatesilver composites showing excellent antimicrobial activity againstStaphylococcus aureus(ATCC25923) down to very low silver levels of 1 mg kg. 1. The silver cannot be leached out easily. These composite particles can be incorporatedinto surface coatings, plastics and food packaging as an easily useable, eective and durable anti-microbial agent.
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Conducting polymer composites with cellulose and protein fibres
James H. Johnston,John Moraes,Thomas Borrmann,David Flynn,Fern M. Kelly 한국물리학회 2006 Current Applied Physics Vol.6 No.3
Conducting polymer–fibre composites with polypyrrole cellulose (paper) and protein (wool) fibres have been produced by polymerizing pyrrole with ferric chloride as the oxidant around separated individual cellulose (wood) fibres from bleached Pinus radiata Kraft pulp, and merino wool fibres respectively to generate new composite materials that retain the inherent properties of the polymer and individual fibres. For the polypyrrole–cellulose composite, the polypyrrole consisted of spheres of about 100 nm in size fused together to form a continuous coating that fully encapsulates the cellulose fibre and associated finer fibrils. For the polypyrrole–wool composite the polypyrrole formed a similar coating of about 200 nm spheres. Electrical conductivities of the composites were substantially increased over those of the precursor fibres.
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James H. Johnston,James E. Grindrod,Margaret Dodds,Katrin Schimitschek 한국물리학회 2008 Current Applied Physics Vol.8 No.3,4
A new nano-structured calcium silicate (NCS) phase change composite material has been developed to provide eective thermalbuering for paperboard packages during the transport and temporary storage of chilled perishable food from the supplier to the market.volume and liquid absorbency. Alkane phase change materials (PCMs) which absorb and release latent heat energy (. 160190 J g. 1) canbe used in heat storage and release applications as they are non-toxic and their operating temperature range can be tuned by the hydro-carbon chain length. The major practical problem of containing the liquid phase has been overcome here by incorporating the alkanePCM (Rubitherm RT6, melting point 8.C) into the highly porous NCS matrix to a level of about 300 wt% of NCS. A paperboard con-tainer constructed and lined with six bubble wrap ‘‘Post-It’’ bags containing 400 g NCS-300PCM composite provided sucient thermalbuering capacity to maintain the temperature inside the container at 10.C for some 5 h after the outside temperature had increased toabout 23 .The NCS-300PCM composite therefore provides sucient thermal buering to ensure perishable food in a paperboard container remainsbelow 10 .C during transport and temporary storage en route from the supplier to the market.
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Novel hybrid materials of cellulose fibres and doped ZnS nanocrystals
Aaron C. Small,James. H. Johnston 한국물리학회 2008 Current Applied Physics Vol.8 No.3,4
During the past decade semiconductor nanocrystals have been studied extensively, in particular ZnS nanocrystals doped with opti-cally active luminescent centres. Such materials have created new opportunities in the areas of photo-voltaic solar cells and light-emittingdiodes. In this study, photoluminescent cellulose bres were prepared by coating bleached Kraft bres (Pinus radiata) with ZnS nano-crystals doped with Mn2+ and Cu2+ ions. In doing so, the inherent properties of the bre (such as tensile strength and exibility) havebeen preserved, but imparted to it are the photoluminescent properties of the coating. A wet chemical synthesis method was used infrom 0.1 to 2 wt%. After successive washings and sonication, the particles remained bonded to the surface of the bre, and the bres wereable to be formed into a paper sheet. Samples were characterized by photoluminescence spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diraction, energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
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