Synthesis, complete NMR spectral assignments, and antifungal screening of new 2,4-diaryl-3-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-9-one oxime derivatives

Parthiban, Paramasivam,Rathika, Paramasivam,Park, Keun Soo,Jeong, Yeon Tae Springer-Verlag 2010 Monatshefte für Chemie Vol.141 No.1

Effect of PDGF-B Gene-Activated Acellular Matrix and Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation on Full Thickness Skin Burn Wound in Rat Model

Paramasivam Tamilmahan,Maiti Swapan Kumar,Palakkara Sangeetha,Rashmi,Mohan Divya,Manjunthaachar H. V.,Karthik K.,Kumar Naveen 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2021 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.18 No.2

Background: Full thickness burn wounds are lack of angiogenesis, cell migration, epithelialisation and finally scar tissue formation. Tissue engineered composite graft can provide sustained release of growth factor and promote the wound healing by cell migration, early angiogenesis and proliferation of extracellular matrix and wound remodeling. The objective of this study was to evaluate the gene embedded (pDNA-platelet-derived growth factor, PDGF-B) porcine acellular urinary bladder matrix with transfected mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSC) on healing of full thickness burn wound in rat model. Methods: Full thickness burn wound of 2 × 2 cm size was created in dorsum of rat model under general anesthesia. Burn wounds were treated with silver sulfadiazine; porcine acellular urinary bladder matrix (PAUBM); PAUBM transfected with pDNA-PDGF-B; PAUBM seeded with rBMSC; PAUBM seeded with rBMSC transfected with pDNA-PDGF-B in groups A, B, C, D and E respectively. The wound healing was assessed based on clinical, macroscopically, immunologically, histopathological and RT-qPCR parameters. Results: Wound was significantly healed in group E and group D with early extracellular matrix deposition, enhanced granulation tissue formation and early angiogenesis compared to all other groups. The immunologic response against porcine acellular matrix showed that PDGF-B gene activated matrix along with stem cell group showed less antibody titer against acellular matrix than other groups in all intervals. PDGF gene activated matrix releasing the PDGF-B and promote the healing of full thickness burn wound with neovascularization and neo tissue formation. PDGF gene also enhances secretion of other growth factors results in PDGF mediated regenerative activities. This was confirmed in RT-qPCR at various time intervals. Conclusion: Gene activated matrix encoded for PDGF-B protein transfected stem cells have been clinically proven for early acceleration of angiogenesis and tissue regeneration in burn wounds in rat models. Background: Full thickness burn wounds are lack of angiogenesis, cell migration, epithelialisation and finally scar tissue formation. Tissue engineered composite graft can provide sustained release of growth factor and promote the wound healing by cell migration, early angiogenesis and proliferation of extracellular matrix and wound remodeling. The objective of this study was to evaluate the gene embedded (pDNA-platelet-derived growth factor, PDGF-B) porcine acellular urinary bladder matrix with transfected mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSC) on healing of full thickness burn wound in rat model. Methods: Full thickness burn wound of 2 × 2 cm size was created in dorsum of rat model under general anesthesia. Burn wounds were treated with silver sulfadiazine; porcine acellular urinary bladder matrix (PAUBM); PAUBM transfected with pDNA-PDGF-B; PAUBM seeded with rBMSC; PAUBM seeded with rBMSC transfected with pDNA-PDGF-B in groups A, B, C, D and E respectively. The wound healing was assessed based on clinical, macroscopically, immunologically, histopathological and RT-qPCR parameters. Results: Wound was significantly healed in group E and group D with early extracellular matrix deposition, enhanced granulation tissue formation and early angiogenesis compared to all other groups. The immunologic response against porcine acellular matrix showed that PDGF-B gene activated matrix along with stem cell group showed less antibody titer against acellular matrix than other groups in all intervals. PDGF gene activated matrix releasing the PDGF-B and promote the healing of full thickness burn wound with neovascularization and neo tissue formation. PDGF gene also enhances secretion of other growth factors results in PDGF mediated regenerative activities. This was confirmed in RT-qPCR at various time intervals. Conclusion: Gene activated matrix encoded for PDGF-B protein transfected stem cells have been clinically proven for early acceleration of angiogenesis and tissue regeneration in burn wounds in rat models.

Development of Antibiotic-Protected Antimicrobial Tetracycline-Loaded GU (Guar Gum) Gel for Long-Term Storage

Paramasivam Gokul,Dhamodharan Duraisami,변헌수 한국화학공학회 2024 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.41 No.3

Gels are widely used in our everyday lives, spanning personal care, cosmetics, oral care, food and beverages, household products, medical supplies, electronics, and arts and crafts. Their adaptable characteristics contribute to improved product performance, user satisfaction, and overall convenience. However, generation of microbial invasion is a common obstacle observed on gels and its formulations. Antibiotic loaded on gels is a better alternative to chemical-based preservative for long-term storage of gels. In this research, the gel was fabricated with two diff erent components with guar gum (GU) and tetracycline (TC) and its antimicrobial ability was tested over a period of time. We conducted morphological analyses that revealed a solid and rough surface on both GU and reduced sign of microbial attack on TC/GU-based gels. Identifi cation of functional groups is observed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy that confi rms the gel is well hydrated and make it suitable to deliver antimicrobial agents. Antimicrobial ability performed by antibiotics was tested using disc diff usion method. The unloaded GU gel does not exhibit an observed antimicrobial property, whereas GU/TC gel reveals a better antibacterial effi ciency on S. aureus compared to E. coli . Our fi ndings suggest that GU/TC gel can eff ectively safeguard gels from microbial attacks during long-term storage. Furthermore, this GU/TC gel can be used as a drug transport system for bioactive agents in biomedical applications.

Synthesis of an antibiotic-preserving antimicrobial tetracycline-loaded gellan gum gel

Paramasivam Gokul,Dhamodharan Duraisami,Kishore Somasundaram Chandra,변헌수 한국화학공학회 2023 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.40 No.9

Gels play a significant role in our daily lives as they provide stability and desired features to various items of regular use, such as cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, household items, and agricultural products. However, a microbial attack on gels commonly occurs during gel-based formulations. Antibiotic-loaded gels can reportedly be stored for a long time. In this study, we fabricated a tetracycline-loaded gellan gum (TC/GG) gel and assessed its long-term stability against microbial attack. Morphological analyses revealed a firm and smooth texture with multifold bumpy surfaces on the GG and TC/GG gels. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic analysis showed that the gel was well hydrated and thus suitable for releasing antibiotics. The feasibility of inhibiting microorganisms was qualitatively examined using the disk diffusion method. Interestingly, the unloaded GG gel itself exhibited an antimicrobial effect, while the loaded TC/GG gel showed a better antibacterial effect on S. aureus than on E. coli. TC/GG can be used to store and protect gels from microbial attacks for a long duration. In addition, it is suitable for storing bioactive agents, which are used in the biomedical field.

Coming to Grips with the Analysis of Language and Power

Paramasivam, Shamala 한국응용언어학회 2006 응용 언어학 Vol.22 No.2

This theoretical paper describes and discusses Locher’s (2004) framework for understanding and investigating power in discourse. Empirical evidence to exemplify the suitability of her framework for analyzing power in interactions in an Asian context is also presented using business negotiations between Malay and Japanese businessmen as data.

In Vitro Anti-Neuroblastoma Activity of Thymoquinone Against Neuro-2a Cells via Cell-cycle Arrest

Paramasivam, Arumugam,Raghunandhakumar, Subramanian,Priyadharsini, Jayaseelan Vijayashree,Jayaraman, Gopalswamy Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.18

We have recently shown that thymoquinone (TQ) has a potent cytotoxic effect and induces apoptosis via caspase-3 activation with down-regulation of XIAP in mouse neuroblastoma (Neuro-2a) cells. Interestingly, our results showed that TQ was significantly more cytotoxic towards Neuro-2a cells when compared with primary normal neuronal cells. In this study, the effects of TQ on cell-cycle regulation and the mechanisms that contribute to this effect were investigated using Neuro-2a cells. Cell-cycle analysis performed by flow cytometry revealed cell-cycle arrest at G2/M phase and a significant increase in the accumulation of TQ-treated cells at sub-G1 phase, indicating induction of apoptosis by the compound. Moreover, TQ increased the expression of p53, p21 mRNA and protein levels, whereas it decreased the protein expression of PCNA, cyclin B1 and Cdc2 in a dose-dependent manner. Our finding suggests that TQ could suppress cell growth and cell survival via arresting the cell-cycle in the G2/M phase and inducing apoptosis of neuroblastoma cells.

Non-Intrusive Residential Load Monitoring System Using Appliance: Based Energy Disaggregation Models

Paramasivam Mohan Devie,Sundaram Kalyani 대한전기학회 2023 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.18 No.5

With large scale implementation of smart metering technology, the implications demand to account the energy consumption at every node of the system, but the device scalability is of great concern. Energy Disaggregation serves the purpose of finding the appliance level energy consumption from the aggregate energy, which helps to unlock the interactions between the devices through load characterization. This paper proposes a decision tree-based approach for identifying the device operations thereby effectively categorizing the load. A balanced data learning approach is adopted for data processing to eliminate the outliers during training and testing phase of classifier and also improve the classifier performance. The proposed model was evaluated using Reference Energy DisaggregationDataset (REDD) and Retrofit DecisionSupport Tools for UK Homes using Smart Home Technology (REFIT) Dataset. The performance metrics has been obtained for individual appliance using decision tree, naïve bayes and k-nearest neighbor classifiers andanalysed for validation. The proposed disaggregation approach has proven to give promising results in terms of better and accurate detection of appliance operation. The load monitoring system is developed to detect the appliance operation by sensing the voltage, current and power data at defined sampling rate of frequency. Even with large training dataset, the results obtained during testing phase with unseen dataset were viable for further allegations of proposed load model.

The impact of heteroatom substitution on cross-conjugation and its effect on the photovoltaic performance of DSSCs - a computational investigation of linear <i>vs.</i> cross-conjugated anchoring units

Paramasivam, Mahalingavelar,Chitumalla, Ramesh Kumar,Jang, Joonkyung,Youk, Ji Ho The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Physical chemistry chemical physics Vol.20 No.35

<P>The unusual bonding pattern and proximal heteroatom substitution in π-cross conjugation produced distinct changes in the energy levels and photophysical behaviour of the dyes. To seek an understanding of the origin of these fluctuations, we have carried out a detailed computational investigation on a series of D-π1-π2 (A1)-A2 structured dyes comprised of common donor-spacer (auxiliary acceptor) units but varied the anchoring parts. In this study, we introduced a novel dimethylamino substituted fluorene-based triarylamine donor unit and evaluated its donating strength. Based on the comparison of DFT computed energy levels with experimental results, we have proposed an orbital splitting pattern to explain the energy level and photophysical properties of the linear <I>vs.</I> cross-conjugated dyes with respect to the linking position of the anchoring unit and benzo[1,2,5]thiadiazole (BTD) substitution. The smallest HOMO-LUMO gap of B3 mainly originated from the weak overlap of the directionality mismatch of the orbital interaction imposed by cross-conjugation. The inefficient overlap in B3 can possibly influence the energy levels but failed to enhance the charge transfer transitions upon photoexcitation. On the other hand, β-heteroatom substitution in bridged dyes partially enhanced π-delocalization over the cross conjugation and produced a significant ICT absorption with an optoelectronic response in the NIR region. BTD acceptor substitution increased the HOMO-LUMO gap of the bridged dyes. NBO analysis was performed to corroborate our predictions. DOS-PDOS analysis of the dyes@TiO2 was employed to investigate the electron injection rate of linear <I>vs.</I> bridged dyes. The anchoring pattern and large torsional deviation of the carboxylate anchoring group upon TiO2 adsorption drastically decreased the photovoltaic performance of the bridged dyes. The results obtained from this study provided a detailed understanding of how to surmount the cross-conjugation with the aid of β-heteroatom substitution. These design guidelines would be helpful in developing novel NIR dyes with better hole mobility for various optoelectronic applications. Furthermore, π-delocalization over the cross-conjugation concept opens a new pathway in the field of functional molecular devices to increase the charge conductance over several orders of magnitude with a significant reduction of destructive quantum interference at the molecular junction.</P>

Techniques of Laparoscopic Trans-Choledochal Common Bile Duct Exploration and Its Complications

( Paramasivam Sivamayuran ),( Lip Seng Lee ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1

Aims: Laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) has been proven to be a technically demanding but cost-effective option for the management of common bile duct (CBD) stones. It can be performed trans-cystically for stones that are small (< 6mm) or trans-choledochally for bigger stones ( >10mm). Laparoscopic trans-choledochal CBD exploration requires more technical skills and it is also associated with specific complications e.g. bile duct stricture, bile leak and rarely injury to the posterior wall of CBD or injury to portal vein Methods: In Changi General Hospital, CBD exploration for CBD stones is usually reserved for stones failed to be removed via endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) or stones identified on intraoperative cholangiogram (IOC). The patients who had laparoscopic trans-choledochal CBD exploration were retrospectively reviewed. The techniques and complications of trans-choledochal LCBDE were described. Results: We identified 2 cases with complications. First one had bile leak from the choledochotomy site, requiring to undergo ERCP and stenting postoperatively. The second one had a very rare posterior CBD wall injury during choledochotomy, which was converted to open biliary bypass. Conclusions: Laparoscopic trans-choledochal CBD exploration is technically demanding. Care should be taken during choledochotmy. This technique should be reserved for cases with dilated CBD.

A Discourse-oriented Model for Analysing Power and Politeness in Negotiation Interaction: A Cross-linguistic Perspective

Shamala Paramasivam 세종대학교 언어연구소 2007 Journal of Universal Language Vol.8 No.1

This paper draws on linguistic theories that have universal statusLochers (2004) approach to power, Brown and Levinsons (1987) theory for politeness, Watts (1991) notion of social network and Goffmans (1974, 1981) understanding of framein order to develop a model that enables power and politeness to be analysed through language use in negotiation interaction. The model forwards a theoretical framework as well as a method for analysis that enables the identification and delineation of power practices in negotiation discourse. Together, the theoretical framework and the method for analysis form a microscope that facilitates a discourse analysis of power and politeness in negotiation talk. Data from negotiation interaction between Malay and Japanese businessmen are presented to illustrate the model.