The “Skipped Segment Screw” Construct: An Alternative to Conventional Lateral Mass Fixation– Biomechanical Analysis in a Porcine Cervical Spine Model

Kedar Prashant Padhye,Yuvaraja Murugan,Raunak Milton,N. Arunai Nambi Raj,Kenny Samuel David 대한척추외과학회 2017 Asian Spine Journal Vol.11 No.5

Study Design: Cadaveric biomechanical study. Purpose: We compared the “skipped segment screw” (SSS) construct with the conventional “all segment screw” (ASS) construct for cervical spine fixation in six degrees of freedom in terms of the range of motion (ROM). Overview of Literature: Currently, no clear guidelines are available in the literature for the configuration of lateral mass (LM) screwrod fixation for cervical spine stabilization. Most surgeons tend to insert screws bilaterally at all segments from C3 to C6 with the assumption that implants at every level will provide maximum stability. Methods: Six porcine cervical spine specimens were harvested from fresh 6–9-month-old pigs. Each specimen was sequentially tested in the following order: intact uninstrumented (UIS), SSS (LM screws in C3, C5, and C7 bilaterally), and ASS (LM screws in C3– C7 bilaterally). Biomechanical testing was performed with a force of 2 Nm in six degrees of freedom and 3D motion tracking was performed. Results: The two-tailed paired t -test was used for statistical analysis. There was a significant decrease in ROM in instrumented specimens compared with that in UIS specimens in all six degrees of motion (p <0.05), whereas there was no significant difference in ROM between the different types of constructs (SSS and ASS). Conclusions: Because both configurations provide comparable stability under physiological loading, we provide a biomechanical basis for the use of SSS configuration owing to its potential clinical advantages, such as relatively less bulk of implants within a small operative field, relative ease of manipulating the rod into position, shorter surgical time, less blood loss, lower risk of screw-related complications, less implant-related costs, and most importantly, no compromise in the required stability needed until fusion.

The use of laser in garment manufacturing: an overview

Rajkishore Nayak,Rajiv Padhye 한국의류학회 2016 Fashion and Textiles Vol.3 No.1

Laser is being used in apparel industry from nineteenth century for various garment manufacturing applications. There are several advantages of using laser over the conventional processes in cutting, engraving, embossing, denim fading and other applications. In addition, product damage potential is reduced, no/less consumables are needed and no problem of toxic by-product disposal as found in some processes. Today’s laser equipment is a result of continuous research and development of earlier products, which has undergone several changes. The initial laser systems were cumbersome, hard to run and difficult to maintain. However, the modern laser systems are simpler in operation and maintenance. Furthermore, the earlier systems were involved with more safety issues and needed the gasses to be constantly replenished. The garment manufactures around the globe should take the advantage of laser application in the post multi-fibre agreement regime to make their products more competitive. This review focuses on the technology of laser including various classifications. In addition it includes the applications of laser in garment manufacturing, their potential hazards and health related concerns.

Functional Dyeing of Cellulose-based (Linen) Fabric Using Bombax Ceiba (Kapok) Flower Extract

Arsheen Moiz,Rajiv Padhye,Xin Wang 한국섬유공학회 2019 Fibers and polymers Vol.20 No.2

Linen fiber, which is claimed to be more comfortable than cotton, is an important textile fiber obtained from Linum usitatissimum (Flax) plant. However, the lack of functional properties of linen limits its application in functional textile products. Nowadays, use of natural colorant for textile dyeing has become an attractive option for sustainable textilecoloration. Kapok flower is an unexplored source of natural dyestuff which can also be utilized for functionalization of cellulose-based textiles. In the current work, kapok flower extract (KFC) was utilized as a functional dye for dyeing of linen fabric in the presence of metallic mordants. The dyed fabrics were evaluated for coloration properties (color values, color coordinates, and fastness properties) as well as functional properties viz. antibacterial activity, UV protection, and antioxidant activity. The satisfactory level of dyeing with acceptable fastness ratings was achieved on linen fabrics. The dyed fabrics displayed an excellent antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The efficient level of UV protection and radical scavenging (antioxidant activity) was also obtained. The mechanism of functional modification of linen using KFC was discussed.

Cryptanalysis of ID based Proxy-Blind signature scheme over lattice

Swati Rawal,Sahadeo Padhye 한국통신학회 2020 ICT Express Vol.6 No.1

In this article we review the ID Based Proxy-Blind signature scheme proposed by Zhang et al. and we give an attack on the scheme revealing the master secret key used in the construction of their scheme.

A Comparative Study on the Effect of Surface Functionalization on the Versatile Protection of Textiles

Arsheen Moiz,Rajiv Padhye,Xin Wang 한국섬유공학회 2019 Fibers and polymers Vol.20 No.2

Tailoring the surface of fibrous materials has brought special performance to textiles, endowing protection against threats from either environment or in wearer’s daily routine. Different functionalization techniques, including plasma treatment, pad-knife-pad coating and laminating, have been widely used to engineer the surface of fabrics for this purpose. This study contributes a comprehensive comparison of fabrics treated by these different techniques, in terms of surface morphology, chemical components, handle, superhydrophobicity and its durability, and resistance against water, liquid, oil, chemicals and soil. The comfort of the fabrics, including air permeability and moisture management properties, was also analyzed. It has been found that these functionalization techniques brought different levels of versatile protection to textiles with the sacrifice of comfort due to the change of the surface of fabrics.

Effects of Cognitive Behavior Therapy on Heart Rate Variability in Young Females with Constipation-predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Parallel-group Trial

( Aelee Jang ),( Sun-kyung Hwang ),( Nikhil S Padhye ),( Janet C Meininger ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2017 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.23 No.3

Background/Aims The relation between heart rate variability (HRV) as non-invasive biomarkers of autonomic function and cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) as non-pharmacological treatments has rarely been examined in patients with constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-C). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of an 8-week CBT intervention on HRV and IBS symptoms, and the correlation of changes in HRV with changes in IBS symptoms among young female nursing students with IBS-C. Methods This study consisted of an exploratory subgroup analysis of 43 participants with IBS-C who had been randomly assigned to receive either 8 weeks of CBT (n = 23) or general medical information (control, n = 20). At baseline and 8, 16, and 24 weeks, participants completed a questionnaire assessing their gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, anxiety, depression, and stress, and their HRV was measured via electrocardiography. Results At the 8-week follow-up, the high-frequency (HF) power was significantly higher, and the low-frequency (LF)/HF ratio was lower in the CBT group than in the control group (P < 0.001 for both), and the severity of GI symptoms (P = 0.003), anxiety (P < 0.001), depression (P < 0.001), and stress (P < 0.001) was significantly lower in the CBT group than in the control group. Changes in the HF power were significantly and inversely associated with changes in GI symptoms, anxiety, depression, and stress at 16 and 24 weeks (P < 0.05 for all; range of r from -0.37 to -0.68). Changes in the LF/HF ratio were also significantly and positively associated with changes in GI symptoms, anxiety, depression, and stress at 16 and 24 weeks (P < 0.05 for all; range of r from 0.38 to 0.60). Conclusions CBT was effective in managing symptoms in young IBS-C patients and the improvement of symptoms was sustained at 24 weeks following the completion of CBT. Furthermore, indirect measurement of autonomic function using HRV may be a useful objective parameter for assessing response to CBT in young IBS-C patients. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2017;23:435-445)

RFID in textile and clothing manufacturing: technology and challenges

Rajkishore Nayak,Amanpreet Singh,Rajiv Padhye,Lijing Wang 한국의류학회 2015 Fashion and Textiles Vol.2 No.1

In the field of textile and clothing, radio frequency identification (RFID), which is one of the most promising technological innovations, is used in manufacturing, inventory control, warehousing, distribution, logistics, automatic object tracking and supply chain management. Various retailers and manufacturers (of clothing as well as consumer goods) such as CVS, Tesco, Prada, Benetten, Wal-mart and Procter & Gamble, are now implementing the technology and exploring the impact of the technology on their business. RFID technologies may improve the potential benefits of supply chain management through reduction of inventory losses, increase of the efficiency and speed of processes and improvement of information accuracy. The basic of success lies in understanding the technology and other features to minimize the potential problems. Although the technology existed for several years, the technological challenges and cost issues are the major hurdles for the widespread use of RFID. In this paper, the authors have addressed the technology of RFID and various applications related to inventory management, production control, retail management, brand segregation etc. in textile and clothing industry. In addition, the disadvantages, challenges and future directions of RFID technology have also been highlighted.

Lamp Type and Lighting Period Influence Flowering and Stem Extension in Some Floriculture Crops

Wook Oh,Erik S. Runkle,Sonali R. Padhye 한국원예학회 2009 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2009 No.5

Effect of Dye Solution Ionic Strength on Dyeing of Cotton with Reactive Dyes

Awais Khatri,Max White,Rajiv Padhye 한국섬유공학회 2018 Fibers and polymers Vol.19 No.6

The controlling effect for dye exhaustion (adsorption) and diffusion (absorption) in a reactive dyeing of cotton is shown to be exerted by ionic strength in the dye solution rather than concentration of inorganic salts used as electrolytes. The study showed that the conclusion applies to both exhaust dyeing for dye exhaustion and pad dyeings for dye diffusion. Further, the addition of an alkali, even though it is not used as an electrolyte, increased the extent of exhaustion (in exhaust dyeing) and diffusion (in pad dyeing) due to increase in ionic strength of the dye solution. Hence, the total ionic strength of reactive dye solution for dye exhaustion and diffusion must be taken into account in order to ensure optimum reproducibility. Means for determining the total ionic strength of exhaust or pad dye solutions for different electrolytes are given.

Do Political Disruptions Affect Supply Chain Performance? A Qualitative Case Study of the Textile Supply Chain in Pakistan

Muhammad Asif,프렘 체트리,Rajiv Padhye 인하대학교 정석물류통상연구원 2019 JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LOGISTICS AND TRADE Vol.17 No.3

This paper explores the interaction and impact of political disruptions on textile supply chain performance in Pakistan. A qualitative approach is adopted to explore the linkages and relationships between political disruptions and supply chain disruptions and performance. Semi-structured interviews were conducted at 25 different textile manufacturing firms. This study confirmed the prevalence of severe and variegated impacts of political disruptions on the textile supply chain. Supply chain disruption is found to be a key mediating factor that directly and indirectly affect supply chain performance through an increased production and delivery lead-time, transportation delays, interruptions of raw material supplies to plants and distributors and the restricted access to workplaces for suppliers and workers. The linkages are represented through vicious circles that illustrate the interactions and inter-relationships between disrupted supply chain and performance. This study provides empirical evidence to help government to formulate pertinent labour laws and industrial policy to mitigate political disruptions and minimise deleterious effects of supply chain disruption on production and distribution networks whilst respecting and protecting the democratic rights of people.