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The Impact of the EU’s Trade Discrimination Policy on Foreign Direct Investment Mechanisms
이종원,Norifumi Kawai 한국무역학회 2007 Journal of Korea trade Vol.11 No.1
Professor, Dept. of International Trade, Suwon University, e-mail: jwlee@suwon.ac.kr* Ph.D Candidate, Depr. of East Asian Economic Studies (Japan/Korea), Universitaet Duisburg- Essen, Germany, E-mail: norifumi.kawai@uni-duisburg-essen.de攀攀The goal of this research is to highlight the variation in Korean manufacturing foreign direct investment (FDI) for the period of 1990-1997 in 14 European nations. Our special attention is dedicated to the examination of whether Korean investors’ attitudes are affected by the discriminatory trade measures imposed by the EU Commission. Our econometric results, tested by the application of ordinary least squares (OLS) with panel-corrected standard errors (PCSE), support the hypothesis that the internationalization of production of Korean multinationals in Europe is influenced by the intensity of the EU’s antidumping actions.
ACAUSAL MODELING METHOD AND ITS VERIFICATION OF ENGINE CYCLE SIMULATION FOR EMISSIONS PREDICTION
Norifumi Mizushima,Mitsuharu Oguma 한국자동차공학회 2021 International journal of automotive technology Vol.22 No.2
In recent years, acausal modeling languages such as Modelica and VHDL-AMS have been used for model- based development. In this research, a cycle simulation model using an acausal modeling language for predicting the emissions of an internal combustion engine was developed for application to a vehicle simulation model for energy and emissions analysis. In order to develop simulation models with higher versatility and extensibility using an acausal modeling language, it is necessary to design the structure and hierarchy by understanding its rules and constraints. Hence, the modeling method of the engine cycle simulation using the acausal modeling language Modelica for emissions prediction was discussed. Furthermore, nitrogen oxide emissions were calculated using the developed model, and their accuracy was validated by comparison with experimental data on a spark ignition engine.
Effects of Polymer Adsorption on Stabilities and CMPPerformance of Ceria Abrasive Particles
Norifumi Shimono,Masami Kawaguchi,Naoyuki Koyama 한국전기전자재료학회 2006 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.7 No.3
In this paper we present that the effects of polymer adsorption on stabilities and CMP performance of ceria abrasive particles. Characterization of ceria abrasive particles in the presence of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) was performed by the measurements of adsorbed amounts of PVP, average sizes, and the back scattering intensities of the ceria abrasive particles as functions of PVP molecular weight and PVP concentration. The ceria abrasive particles in the presence of PVP were used to polish SiO2 and Si3N4 films deposited on Si wafers in order to understand the effect of PVP adsorption on chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) performance, together with ceria abrasive particles without PVP. Adsorption of PVP on the ceria abrasive particles enhanced the stability of ceria abrasive particles due to steric stabilization of the thick adsorbed layer of PVP. Removal rates of the deposited SiO2 and Si3N4 films by the ceria abrasive particles in the presence of PVP were much lower than those in the absence of PVP and their magnitudes were decreased with an increase in the concentration of free PVP chains in the dispersion media. This suggests that the CMP performance in the presence of PVP could be mainly controlled by the hydrodynamic interactions between the adsorbed PVP chains and the free ones. Moreover, the molecular weight dependence of PVP on the removal rates of the deposited films was hardly observed. On the other hand, high removal rate selectivity between the deposited films in the presence of PVP was not observed.
Norifumi Fujii,Nobukazu Okimoto,Manabu Tsukamoto,Norimitsu Fujii,Kei Asano,Yoshiaki Ikejiri,Toru Yoshioka,Takafumi Tajima,Yoshiaki Yamanaka,Yukichi Zenke,Makoto Kawasaki,Junya Ozawa,Takuya Umehara,Sho 대한골다공증학회 2021 Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia Vol.7 No.4
Objectives: Physical activity to maintain bone mass and strength is important for hip fracture prevention. We aim to investigate the relationship between physical performance/activity status and bone mineral density (BMD)/hip structural analysis (HSA) parameters among postmenopausal women in Japan. Methods: Sixty-two postmenopausal women diagnosed with osteoporosis (mean age: 72.61 ± 7.43 years) were enrolled in this cross-sectional observational study. They were evaluated for BMD and HSA in the proximal femur by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and underwent several physical performance tests, the Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale of 25 questions (GLFS-25). Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to summarize data on the BMD/HSA parameters. Partial correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, and structural equation modeling (SEM) were performed to investigate the relationship between physical performance/activity status and BMD/HSA parameters of the proximal femur. Results: In a partial correlation analysis adjusted for age and body mass index (BMI), GLFS-25 scores were correlated with HSA parameter (|r| = 0.260-0.396, P < 0.05). Principal component 1 (PC1) calculated by PCA was interpreted as more reflective of bone strength based on the value of BMD/HSA parameters. The SEM results showed that the model created by the 3 questions (Q13, brisk walking; Q15, keep walking without rest; Q20, load-bearing tasks and housework) of the GLFS-25 had the best fit and was associated with the PC1 score (β = -0.444, P = 0.001). Conclusions: The GLFS-25 score was associated with the BMD/HSA parameter, which may reflect the bone strength of the proximal femur as calculated by PCA.