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Chalapathy, R.B.V.,Gang, Myeng Gil,Hong, Chang Woo,Kim, Ji Hun,Jang, Jun Sun,Yun, Jae Ho,Kim, Jin Hyeok Elsevier 2018 SOLAR ENERGY -PHOENIX ARIZONA THEN NEW YORK- Vol.159 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this work, earth-abundant CZTSSe thin film solar cells were fabricated by sulfo-selenization of the Mo/Zn/Cu/Sn/Cu metallic precursors. The influences of morphological and compositional properties of the absorbers on performance of solar cells were investigated by tuning Cu content in the films. The Raman analysis showed that absorbers consist of a kesterite CZTSSe phase with ZnSe as a minor secondary phase. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses revealed that the surfaces are Cu depleted and Zn enriched compared with the bulk composition of the absorbers. The results indicate that during sulfo-selenization the Cu diffused into the film and the Zn towards the film surface. The performance of the solar cells initially improved with the increasing of the Cu content and then decreased. By tuning the Cu content in the absorbers, the minority-carrier life time improved from 0.8 to 1.6 ns. The power conversion efficiency increased from 5.1 to 8.03% with fine controlling of Cu composition of the CZTSSe absorbers. The diode-ideality factors are higher than 2, suggesting an increased interfacial recombination in the devices. The high ideality-factors A and low minority carrier life times may originate from surface and bulk related defects, which in turn limits the V<SUB>oc</SUB> and the achievable high conversion efficiency for the CZTSSe thin film solar cells.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> CZTSSe thin film solar cells were fabricated by sulfo-selenization of sputtered metallic Mo/Zn/Cu/Sn/Cu precursors. </LI> <LI> The surface composition of the absorbers was Cu depleted and Zn rich compared to the bulk of the absorbers. </LI> <LI> The ideality factors ‘A’ over 2 suggest that increased interface recombination in the devices which reduced the open circuit voltage of the devices. </LI> <LI> By tuning the Cu content in the absorbers solar cells with conversion efficiency about 8.03% was obtained. And the best efficiency of 8.17% was achieved without an antireflection coating. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Clinical Comparison of Posterolateral Fusion with Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion
Kim, Chang-Hyun,Gill, Seung-Bae,Jung, Myeng-Hun,Jang, Yeun-Kyu,Kim, Seong-Su The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2006 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.40 No.2
Objective : The purpose of this study is to compare the outcomes of two methods for stabilization and fusion : Postero-Lateral Fusion [PLF, pedicle screw fixation with bone graft] and Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion [PLIF, cage insertion] for spinal stenosis and recurred disc herniation except degenerative spondylolisthesis. Methods : Seventy one patients who underwent PLF [n=36] or PLIF [n=35] between 1997 and 2001 were evaluated prospectively. These two groups were compared for the change of interbody space, the range of segmental angle, the angle of lumbar motion, and clinical outcomes by Prolo scale. Results : The mean follow-up period was 32.6 months. The PLIF group showed statistically significant increase of the interbody space after surgery. However, the difference in the change of interbody space between two groups was insignificant [P value=0.05]. The range of segmental angle was better in the PLIF group, but the difference in the change of segmental angle was not statistically significant [P value=0.0l7]. Angle of lumbar motion was similar in the two groups. Changes of Prolo economic scale were not statistically significant [P value=0.193]. The PLIF group showed statistically significant improvement in Prolo functional scale [P value=0.003]. In Prolo economic and functional scale, there were statistically significant relationships between follow-up duration [P value<0.001]. change of interbody space [P value<0.001], and range of segmental angle [P value<0.001]. Conclusion : Results of this study indicate that PLIF is superior to PLF in interbody space augmentation and clinical outcomes by Prolo functional scale. Analysis of clinical outcomes showed significant relationships among various factors [fusion type, follow-up duration, change of interbody space, and range of segmental angle]. Therefore, the authors recommend instrumented PLIF to offer better clinical outcomes in patients who needed instrumented lumbar fusion for spinal stenosis and recurred disc herniation.
김은영,,신재욱,주연호,이주용,김지훈,박윤정,배명남,배상묵 Ewha Womans University School of Medicine 2013 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.36 No.S
Intraductal tubulopapillary neoplasm (ITPN) of the pancreas has been recently reported. It is very rare, therefore clinical behavior and prognosis has not yet been characterized. We experienced a case of ITPN of the pancreas which presented with acute pancreatitis and treated with Whipple’s operation. Histopathologic finding showed papillary hyperplasia with carcinomatous change. The tumor recurred after 47 month of operation, and she underwent total pancreatectomy. Pathologic finding revealed tubulopapillary growth with high grade dysplasia. Immunohistochemial staining was not performed, however gross and microscopic findings were compatible with ITPN of the pancreas. We report a case of ITPN of the pancreas.