Unplanned 30-Day Hospital Readmissions of Symptomatic Carotid and Vertebral Artery Dissection

Tapan Mehta,Smit Patel,Shailesh Male,Romil Parikh,Kathan Mehta,Kamakshi Lakshminarayan,Ramachandra Tummala,Mustapha Ezzeddine 대한뇌졸중학회 2018 Journal of stroke Vol.20 No.3

Treatment of Thoracolumbar Spinal Fracture Accompanied by Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis Using Transdiscal Screws for Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis: Preliminary Results

Mehta Gaurav,Hisanori Ikuma,Shinichiro Takao,Yoichi Inoue,Tomohiko Hirose,Keitaro Matsukawa,Keisuke Kawasaki 대한척추외과학회 2021 Asian Spine Journal Vol.15 No.3

Study Design: This retrospective case series enrolled 13 patients who underwent posterior fixation with both transdiscal screws for diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (TSDs) and pedicle screws (PSs) to treat spinal injury accompanied by diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH). Purpose: To describe the usefulness, feasibility, and biomechanics of TSD. Overview of Literature: Vertebral bodies accompanied by DISH generally have lower bone mineral density than normal vertebral bodies because of the stress shielding effect. This phenomenon tends to makes screw fixation challenging. To our knowledge, solutions for this issue have not previously been reported. Methods: Patients were assessed using the data on surgical time, estimated intraoperative blood loss, mean number of stabilized intervertebral segments, number of screws used, perioperative complications, union rate, and the three-level EuroQol five-dimensional questionnaire (EQ5D-3L) score at the final follow-up. The Hounsfield unit (HU) values of the screw trajectory area, and the actual intraoperative screw insertion torque of TSDs and PSs were also analyzed and compared. Results: The surgical time and estimated intraoperative blood loss were 165.9±45.5 minutes and 71.0±53.4 mL, respectively. The mean number of stabilized intervertebral segments was 4.6±1.0. The number of screws used was 4.9±1.3 for TSDs and 3.0±1.4 for PSs. One death occurred after surgery. The union rate and EQ5D-3L scores were 100% and 0.608±0.128, respectively. The HU value and actual intraoperative screw insertion torque of TSDs were significantly better than those of PSs (p<0.001, p=0.033). Conclusions: We were able to achieve stable surgical outcomes using the combination of TSDs and PSs. The HU value and actual intraoperative screw insertion torque were significantly higher for TSDs than for PSs. Based on these results, when treating thoracolumbar spinal fractures accompanied by DISH in elderly populations, the TSD could be a stronger anchor than the PS.

Highly Sensitive Ratiometric Fluorescent Detection of Indium(III) Using Fluorescent Probe Based on Phosphoserine as a Receptor

Mehta, Pramod Kumar,Hwang, Gi Won,Park, Joohee,Lee, Keun-Hyeung American Chemical Society 2018 ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY - Vol.90 No.19

<P>Indium is one of the most widely used scarce metals for manufacturing various electronic devices including notebooks, mobile phones, and PC monitors. Recent studies revealed that indium and its compound could cause several toxicities to human beings and animals. However, there is no report about ratiometric fluorescent detection of In(III) in aqueous solutions. We synthesized a fluorescent probe (<B>1</B>) for In(III) based on a phosphoserine as a receptor with a pyrene fluorophore using solid phase synthesis. <B>1</B> showed highly sensitive ratiometric response to In(III) in purely aqueous solutions by increasing excimer emission intensity at 476 nm with a concomitant decrease in monomer emission intensity at 395 nm. <B>1</B> showed sensitive ratiometric responses to In(III) over a wide range of pH (2 < pH < 8) and exhibited a highly selective ratiometric response to In(III) among 18 tested metal including Al(III) and Ga(III). Job’s plot analysis indicated that <B>1</B> preferred to form a 2:1 complex with In(III) and the binding affinity for In(III) was measured to be 2.3 × 10<SUP>12</SUP> M<SUP>-2</SUP> (<I>R</I><SUP>2</SUP> = 0.989). <B>1</B> showed linear ratiometric responses to nanomolar concentrations (0-750 nM) of In(III) and the detection limit was calculated to be 64 nM (<I>R</I><SUP>2</SUP> = 0.992) in aqueous solution. The binding mode study using NMR, IR, and CD spectroscopies revealed that the phosphate and the amide groups of the receptor of <B>1</B> played an important role for the binding with In(III). Moreover, <B>1</B> was suitable for the ratiometric detection of In(III) in tap water and groundwater. <B>1</B> showed much better detection properties than those of the colorimetric methods using EDTA with Eriochrome black T (EBT) and 4-(2-pyridylazo) resorcinol (PAR) for the detection of In(III) in tap water and groundwater.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

Optimal Packet Scheduling Algorithms for Token-Bucket Based Rate Control

Mehta Neerav Bipin,Karandikar Abhay The Korea Institute of Information and Commucation 2005 Journal of communications and networks Vol.7 No.1

In this paper, we consider a scenario in which the source has been offered QoS guarantees subject to token-bucket regulation. The rate of the source should be controlled such that it conforms to the token-bucket regulation, and also the distortion obtained is the minimum. We have developed an optimal scheduling algorithm for offline (like pre-recorded video) sources with convex distortion function and which can not tolerate any delay. This optimal offline algorithm has been extended for the real-time online source by predicting the number of packets that the source may send in future. The performance of the online scheduler is not substantially degraded as compared to that of the optimal offline scheduler. A sub-optimal offline algorithm has also been developed to reduce the computational complexity and it is shown to perform very well. We later consider the case where the source can tolerate a fixed amount of delay and derive optimal offline algorithm for such traffic source.

Evaluation of Diagnostic Accuracy of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Posterior Ligamentum Complex Injury of Thoracolumbar Spine

Mehta Gaurav,Shetty Utsav Chandrashekar,Meena Dharamraj,Tiwari Ashok Kumar,Nama Kishan Gopal,Aseri Dharmendra 대한척추외과학회 2021 Asian Spine Journal Vol.15 No.3

Study Design: Prospective diagnostic imaging study. Purpose: The stability of the thoracic and lumbar spine depends significantly on the posterior ligamentum complex (PLC). Therefore, it is essential to diagnose PLC injuries accurately before deciding on a treatment plan for thoracolumbar injury patients. However, the efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in diagnosing PLC remains undetermined. Overview of Literature: MRI has become the ultimate tool in diagnosing spine injury cases, as previous literature suggests that it has very high sensitivity and specificity. But this is still controversial and as many surgeons rely on just MRI for selecting the patient for surgery, it becomes important to know the diagnostic accuracy of it. Methods: Patients who sustained injuries from T1 to L3 and required posterior surgery were prospectively studied. The treating surgeon and musculoskeletal radiologist participating in the study reviewed preoperative MRI images to characterize the level(s) of injury and the integrity of the six components of the PLC. These were classified as intact, incompletely disrupted, or disrupted. During the surgical procedure, the surgeon also classified each component of the PLC, and the radiologist’s and surgeon’s findings were compared. Results: Out of 66 patients, 46 were males (69.7%) and 20 were females (30.3%), and the average age was 34.12 years. According to the kappa score, there was a moderate level of agreement between the radiologist’s interpretation and the intraoperative findings for all PLC components except for the thoracolumbar fascia and ligamentum flavum for which there was a slight agreement. The sensitivity for the intact PLC components ranged from 100% (supraspinous ligament) to 66.67% (ligamentum flavum). The specificity ranged from 100% (interspinous ligament) to 52% (thoracolumbar fascia). The Spearman’s rank correlation ranged from 0.061 for the thoracolumbar fascia to 0.918 for the interspinous ligament, and the percentage agreement ranged from 81.82% (interspinous ligament to 36.36% (thoracolumbar fascia). Conclusions: The sensitivity and specificity of MRI for diagnosing injury of the PLC in this study were lower than those previously reported in the literature. The integrity of the PLC as determined by MRI should not be used in isolation to determine treatment.

Ratiometric fluorescent probe based on symmetric peptidyl receptor with picomolar affinity for Zn²⁺ in aqueous solution

Mehta, Pramod Kumar,Oh, Eun-Taex,Park, Heon Joo,Lee, Keun-Hyeung Elsevier 2017 Sensors and actuators. B Chemical Vol.245 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>It is still a significant challenge to synthesize ratiometric fluorescent probes based on the new receptor with potent and tunable binding affinities for Zn<SUP>2+</SUP>. A fluorescent probe (<B>1</B>) based on the symmetric peptide receptor bearing two imidazole and two sulfonamide groups was synthesized for the ratiometric detection of Zn<SUP>2+</SUP> in aqueous solution. <B>1</B> selectively and sensitively detected Zn<SUP>2+</SUP> among biological relevant metal ions by a ratiometric response. Upon addition of Zn<SUP>2+</SUP>, monomer emissions of the pyrenes at 379 and 399nm increased significantly and the excimer emission at 508nm decreased with a blue shift. About 1 equiv of Zn<SUP>2+</SUP> ions completely induced the ratiometric response of <B>1</B>. Job’s plot analysis indicated that <B>1</B> formed a 1:1 complex with Zn<SUP>2+</SUP>. The dissociation constant for Zn<SUP>2+</SUP> was found to be 300 pM. The binding mode study revealed that two imidazole and two sulfonamide groups of the peptide receptor played an important role in the binding with Zn<SUP>2+</SUP>. The peptidyl probe successfully penetrated and detected intracellular Zn<SUP>2+</SUP> in live cells.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The fluorescent probe based on the peptide receptor with tunable binding affinities for Zn<SUP>2+</SUP>. </LI> <LI> Highly sensitive ratiometric response to Zn<SUP>2+</SUP> in aqueous solutions at physiological pH. </LI> <LI> A picomolar binding affinity (300 pM) for Zn<SUP>2+</SUP> in aqueous solutions and formation of a 1:1 complex. </LI> <LI> Highly selective response to Zn<SUP>2+</SUP> among various biological relevant metal ions. </LI> <LI> Cell penetration and detection of intracellular Zn<SUP>2+</SUP> in live cells. </LI> </UL> </P>

The Role of Remittances in Financial Development: Evidence from Nonlinear ARDL and Asymmetric Causality

MEHTA, Ahmed Muneeb,QAMRUZZAMAN, Md.,SERFRAZ, Ayesha,ALI, Asad Korea Distribution Science Association 2021 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.8 No.3

This study's impetus is to explore fresh evidence to answer the question, i.e., whether remittances asymmetrically influence financial development in Bangladesh from 1975 to 2019. The study employs several tests, i.e., nonlinear unit root test, Autoregressive Distributed Lagged (ARDL), NARDL, and asymmetric causality test for establishing the pattern of association. Nonlinear unit root tests confirm that variables follow a nonlinear system of being stationary after the first difference. nonlinearity among variables is investigated by performing the BDS test and nonlinear OLS. Directional causality is investigated through both linear and nonlinear effects of remittance inflows by following the non-granger casualty test. The test statistics of Fpass and tBDM showed the Long-run cointegration in the empirical model and positive effect running from remittances inflow to financial development both in the long-run and short-run. Furthermore, the results of a standard Wald test divulge the presence of long-run and short-run asymmetry. Asymmetry causality test established unidirectional causality due to positive and negative shocks in remittances inflows to Bank-based financial development and feedback hypothesis hold for explaining causality between positive and negative shocks in remittance inflows and Stock-based financial development.

Ratiometric detection of Cu⁺ in aqueous buffered solutions and in live cells using fluorescent peptidyl probe to mimic the binding site of the metalloprotein for Cu⁺

Mehta, Pramod Kumar,Oh, Eun-Taex,Park, Heon Joo,Lee, Keun-Hyeung Elsevier 2018 Sensors and actuators. B Chemical Vol.256 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Ratiometric detection of Cu<SUP>+</SUP> in aqueous buffered solutions and live cells is highly recomended. We synthesized a fluorescent probe (<B>1)</B> based on the peptide receptor to mimic the binding site of the metalloprotein (CusF) for Cu<SUP>+</SUP>. <B>1</B> sensitively and selectively detected Cu<SUP>+</SUP> among various biological relevant metal ions in aqueous solutions at physiological pH through a ratiometric response. Job’s plot analysis indicated that <B>1</B> formed a 2:1 complex with Cu<SUP>+</SUP> and the binding affinity of <B>1</B> for Cu<SUP>+</SUP> was measured to be 5.73×10<SUP>−21</SUP> M<SUP>2</SUP> from a competition experiment with bathocuproine disulfonate. The probe showed significant ratiometric responses to Cu<SUP>+</SUP> over a wide range of pH (6.5∼10.5). The binding mode study showed that the imidazole and indole groups of the peptide receptor played a critical role in the tight binding to Cu<SUP>+</SUP>. <B>1</B> penetrated successfully in living A549 cells and detected intracellular Cu<SUP>+</SUP> ions in Golgi apparatus through ratiometric response. Giving the recent growing interests in fluorescent imaging of Cu<SUP>+</SUP>, the development of a fluorescent ratiometric probe (<B>1)</B> based on the peptide receptor to mimic the binding site of the metalloprotein for Cu<SUP>+</SUP> will provide a potential tool for detection of intracellular metal ions in live cells.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The fluorescent peptidyl probe for Cu(I) was easily synthesized in high yield (75%). </LI> <LI> Highly sensitive and selective response to Cu(I) among various biological relevant metal ions. </LI> <LI> Ratiometric response to Cu(I) and the intensity ratio (I<SUB>472</SUB>/I<SUB>396</SUB>) at 472 and 396nm increased by about 130 fold. </LI> <LI> Cell penetration and ratiometric detection of intracellular Cu(I) in the Golgi apparatus in live cells. </LI> </UL> </P>

Recent advances in enzyme immobilization techniques: Metal-organic frameworks as novel substrates

Mehta, J.,Bhardwaj, N.,Bhardwaj, S.K.,Kim, K.H.,Deep, A. Elsevier Publishing Company 2016 Coordination chemistry reviews Vol.322 No.-

<P>In the past few years, metal organic frameworks (MOFs) have drawn increasing research interest as bioimmobilization support materials. The unique properties of MOFs, including tunable porosity, desirable functionality, extremely high surface area, and chemical/thermal stability, have motivated a considerable interest in exploiting them as a potential matrix for enzyme immobilization. Improvements in the biocatalyst efficiency, promising recyclability, enhanced accessibility to active sites, and a high loading capacity are the main features of the novel MOF-enzyme supports. This review aims to cover the recent progress in the application of MOFs as enzyme immobilization supports. We discuss different approaches used in the development of MOF-enzyme biocatalytic supports, such as surface adsorption, diffusion, and in-situ encapsulation. The trends in current developments and the significance of each strategy are critically reviewed in this paper. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

Graphene quantum dot modified screen printed immunosensor for the determination of parathion

Mehta, J.,Bhardwaj, N.,Bhardwaj, S.K.,Tuteja, S.K.,Vinayak, P.,Paul, A.K.,Kim, K.H.,Deep, A. Academic Press 2017 Analytical biochemistry Vol.523 No.-

<P>The widespread use of pesticides has immense effect on increased crop productions. However, they are also responsible for posing detrimental health hazards and/or for contaminating the environment with chemical residues. A routine and an on-field detection of pesticide residues in different food, water, and soil samples has become a need of the hour for which biosensors can offer a viable alternative. The present work reports a functionalized graphene quantum dot (GQD) based screen printed electro-chemical immunosensor for the detection of parathion. The application of GQDs has permitted the realization of a sensitive, robust, and reproducible sensor unlike those carried out earlier for the similar purposes. This immunosensor exhibited a dynamic linear response for parathion within the range of 0.01 -10(6) ng/L with a very low detection limit of 46 pg/L. According to the analysis of potential interferences, the proposed sensor was specifically detecting parathion even in the presence of its metabolite, paraoxon. The investigations of the proposed sensing approach with respect to stability, response reproducibility, and regeneration have fully supported its potential practical applicability. (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</P>