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Public Finance in Korea since the Economic Crisis
Ilho Yoo 한국경제연구학회 2008 Korea and the World Economy Vol.9 No.1
Ten years have passed since the economic crisis hit Korea in 1997. To overcome the crisis, Korean government adopted many drastic reform measures mostly recommended by IMF. Since most of its reform measures were recommended by IMF, this policy stance to “escape” from the economic crisis is regarded as “neo-liberal.” Particularly, in the area of public finance, the principle of the “small government” was actively pursued. After two years, however, the policy stance began to be changed. Number of civil servants has increased. The size of the government increased as well, largely due to the increase in the welfare expenditure. Many new welfare programs, most important among them is NBLSS, has been introduced. Size of the government debt has increased. Do all these movements indicate that Korean government in last seven years has tried to be a big government? Although it is too early to tell, there is the strong evidence that the idea of European welfare state has prevailed.
Analysis of Self Heating Effect(SHE) according to Buried Oxide Thickness in SOI Nanowire FET
Ilho Myeong,Dokyun Son,Hyunsuk Kim,Myounggon Kang,Hyungcheol Shin 대한전자공학회 2017 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.17 No.5
In this paper, the Self Heating Effect (SHE) is investigated in silicon on insulator (SOI) nanowire MOSFETs. A comprehensive study of SHE in Nanowire FET (NWFET) was implemented by Technology Computer-Aided Design (TCAD) simulation. Through analysis of on-current (Ion), thermal resistance (RTH), and heat flux, the DC characteristics of SHE were investigated according to the increase of buried oxide thickness (Tbox). The results indicate that leakage current is not changed according to Tbox so that it is not necessary to increase Tbox. In conclusion, in case that Tbox was optimized by 1 nm, temperature and RTH were reduced by 152 K and 54.5% respectively. Also, Ion was increased by 5.84% maintaining leakage current compared with Tbox of 20 nm.
Ilho Kim,Jaiyeop Lee 대한환경공학회 2022 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.27 No.2
This study analyzed residues of PPCPs in secondary treated sewage water, and their amount eliminated by ozonation processes. A microbubble nozzle and ejector were used to dissolve ozone. To consider a low concentration of PPCPs, a SPE method was performed on samples prior to the analysis. The concentration of dissolved ozone was 4.00 mg/L in the microbubble and 2.49 mg/L in the ejector. To examine elimination trends, the experiment was also performed at a low concentration of ozone, 1/10 of its original concentration. The maximum elimination rate on average was 93.0% in the ejector, higher than that in the microbubble (90.1%), but 16 PPCPs were found to show a relatively high elimination rate in the microbubble, higher than the ejector. Elimination trends with respect to time were distinguished based on inflection point, and 11 PPCPs were concentrated on the latter half of the microbubble after the inflection point at the low concentration of ozone, which was compared to other cases. In the source water, concentrations of 2 PPCPs were higher than the reference toxic concentration based on the QSAR model, but after treatment, only bezafibrate was over the value when the ejector with low ozone injection concentration was applied.
IlHo Park,SunYoung Park,Sulkee Choi,SooYoung Lee,JaeJin Kim 대한신경정신의학회 2017 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.14 No.4
Objective-Conformity is defined as the act of adjusting one’s behavior to match the social responses of others. Patients with schizophrenia often adjust their maladaptive behaviors by conforming in group treatment settings. This study aimed to examine whether the opinions of group members influence conformity of patients with schizophrenia who attend day-hospital programs. Methods-Nineteen patients with schizophrenia from four different day-hospital programs and 23 healthy controls from four different social clubs completed the homographic meaning choice task under conditions of prior exposure to the pseudo-opinions of their group members, strangers, and unknown information sources. Group influences on conformity were observed when the level of group cohesiveness was high and the level of intimacy was low across participant groups. Results-Controls did not exhibit a significant effect of group influence on conformity, whereas patients were significantly influenced by their group members when making conformity-based decisions despite significantly lower intimacy and cohesiveness levels. Conclusion-These findings suggest that unlike controls, patients with schizophrenia tend to respond with conformity when influenced by the opinions of their affiliated group. In patients with schizophrenia group conformity may be used to select a more accurate decision and to enhance feelings of affiliation among them.
Bio Toxicity Assessment and Kinetic Model of 6 Heavy Metals Using Luminous Bacteria
Ilho Kim,Jaiyeop Lee 한국도시환경학회 2018 한국도시환경학회지 Vol.18 No.4
In addition to North America and Europe, Korea is also responding to the toxic damage caused by the production and distribution of chemicals. Methods for assessing bio-toxicity of harmful substances have been widely introduced, but it is required of quantitative and speedy information for modeling. For 6 heavy metals, as zinc, copper, chrome, cadmium, mercury and lead, bio-toxicity assessment and kinetics model were constructed using Vibrio fischeri which is widely used luminous bacteria. The degree of luminescence activity and the toxicity of heavy metals were relative limunescence unit, RLU measured as by using a photomultiplier embedded device. The toxicity was assessed by the concentration levels giving under 20% lethality and lethal concentration, EC50. In the results, the toxicity order were followed from mercury, lead, copper, chrome, zinc and cadmium. EC50, ∞ obtained by trends of EC50 by time follows had highly linear agreement with main parameters of bio-toxicity modelling. The average error rates of the reproduced lethality obtained from DAM and TDM model on the basis of body residue, were 10.2% for mercury, lead, copper, chrome and 20.0 for the all 6 methals.
Changes in Shared Bicycle Traffic Patterns Due to the Spread of COVID-19
Ilho Jeong(정일호),Sion Kim(김시온),Minje Choi(최민제),Donggyun KU(구동균),Seungjae LEE(이승재) 대한교통학회 2021 대한교통학회 학술대회지 Vol.85 No.-
서울시는 대중교통 활성화, 녹색교통진흥지역 구축, 공유자전거 이용 확대 등 친환경 교통정책을 추진 · 시행하고 있다. COVID-19 대유행과 확산으로 사회적 거리두기 정책을 엄격하게 시행하고 있다. 사람들의 움직임과 교통량이 크게 줄었다. 전염병으로 인해 사람들은 통행 관련 의사결정 경향을 바꿔야 했다. 이러한 배경에서, 본 연구는 대유행 기간 동안 서울의 공유 자전거 교통량의 변화를 분석하였다. 회귀분석을 이용하여 사회적 거리 수준과 공유 자전거 이용의 관계를 분석했다. 모란의 I 테스트와 핫스팟 분석을 통해 공간적으로 형성된 클러스터 분석을 실시했다. 그 결과는 COVID-19 확산과 자전거 공유 이용 사이의 중요한 상관관계가 발견되었음을 보여준다. 사회적 거리 두기 수준이 한 단계 높아지면 하루 자전거 공유 대여 건수는 약 1만 배 증가했다. 공간분석 결과 공유 자전거 이용량의 변화가 공간적으로 클러스터를 형성하고 있으며, 모란의 I 테스트에서는 p-값이 0에 매우 가까운 통계적으로 유의미한 결과를 보였다. 연구 결과는 특별한 상황에서 정부의 정책이 녹색 교통을 촉진하는 데 중요한 역할을 한다는 것을 보여준다. 녹색 교통의 이용은 도시의 대기 오염 감소와 직결된다. 그러한 교통수단은 환경에 큰 도움이 될 수 있다. 정부는 친환경 교통 활성화를 위해 지역적 특성을 고려하여 보다 효과적인 성과를 낼 수 있다.