A Study of Emulsification with Ultrasonic WavesⅠ

Harald M, Beal,Donald M. Skauen 성균관대학교 1967 成均藥學 Vol.8 No.-

PROCEEDINGS (1) : Sport for all & Leisure Studies ; Leisure in Germany ; A Cross - national Survey

(Harald Michels) 한국체육학회 2001 The 2001 Seoul International Sport Science Congres Vol.- No.-

Structure, Thermodynamic, and Thermomechanical Characteristics of Semiconducting Polymers: Nomenclature and Property Conundrums

Harald Ade 한국고분자학회 2023 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.48 No.1

South Korea`s Pivot toward Iran: Resource Diplomacy and ROK-Iran Sanctions

( Harald Olsen ) 한국국방연구원 2013 The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis Vol.25 No.1

As United States-led sanctions on Iran tightened in 2012, South Korea stood out among U.S. allies for its reluctance to cut financial ties and reduce imports of Iranian oil. With import numbers dropping, South Korea struggled to find ways to overcome European Union shipping insurance restrictions and maintain a significant trade relationship with Iran. Given the close relations between the United States and South Korea, there were rising concerns over the possibility that the initiator of the sanctions might have to block South Korea from its domestic financial market in retaliation for continued trade with Iran. This paper explores the reasons behind South Korea`s reluctance to join sanctions on Iran; namely long-held realist assessments of Middle Eastern threats, inflated perceptions of the effect of oil price hikes on the domestic economy, and an established practice of circumventing U.S. sanctions in order to maximize economic security. Muchof the evidence concerning Korea`s motivations in Iran unveiled in this paper has been overlooked or inaccessible to Western analysts. Using recently declassified cables from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade and other Korean sources never before translated, this paper explains why South Korea seeks to maintain links to Iran, even at the risk of disrupting its alliance with America.

Interregional Migration and Real Estate Markets Evidence from German Case

( Harald Nitsch ),( Kyungsun Park ) 한국EU학회 2018 EU학연구 Vol.23 No.1

인구 변동은 부동산 수요를 움직이는 중요한 요인이다. 인구 변동은 자연적인 인구 변동뿐 아니라 지역간 인구 이동에 의해 영향을 받는다. 지역간 인구이동은 자연적인 인구변동보다 부동산 수요에 더 빠른 속도로 영향을 미친다. 이러한 측면에서 본 논문은 독일 통일 이후 지역간 인구이동이 부동산 시장에 미친 영향을 분석하고 있다. 먼저 논문에서는 Mankiw and Weil (1989)의 모형을 변형하여 통화정책과 경기순환 그리고 지역의 인구변동이 부동산 시장에 미친 영향을 이론적으로 설명한 후, 1989 부터 2009 년까지의 독일 부동산 중계협회의 임대료 자료를 이용하여 통독 이후 독일의 통화 긴축정책, 경기순환 그리고 지역간 인구 이동이 서독지역 도시와 주(state)들의 임대료를 상승시켰음을 보여주고 있다. Demography is a driving force in the demand for real estate. However, demography is only partly driven by natural population growth, but also by migration, and there is the potential, that the interregional shift of population causes similar effects as changes in natural growth - but at a higher speed. With this prospect, we want to observe the impact of demography on a regional level. In order to do this, we choose a case study of relatively high interregional migration: German reunification. Using a modified model by Mankiw and Weil (1989) we derive the following implications. First, that rents should be positively related to monetary policy rates. Second, rents should be positively related to the business cycle. Third, rents are positively related to the development of the local population. We test empirically with data set from IVD (Immobilien Verband Deutschland) from 1989 to 2009. We found that rents are positively related to monetary policy and business cycle. And also population change has impact on rent in West Germany cities and states after German reunification.

Economic Integration in Southern Africa -a Risk of Strong Polarisation Effects or a Chance for Joint Development?

( Harald V. Proff ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 1998 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.13 No.4

Despite negative experiences with regional integration in sub-Saharan Africa the SADC members announced in August 1996 to make the entire region a free trade area in the next eight years. This article evaluates the opportunity and threats of SADC in order to answer the question whether this integration will lead to strong polarisation effects or an opportunity for joint development in the region. It becomes clear that neither generalisations on welfare gains of regional integration nor generalisations on the distribution of the gains from integration are possible. However a clear tendency for mutual economic benefits of SADC can be deduced. (JEL Classifications: F15, O14)

A framework for negative knowledge to support hybrid geometric modeling education for product engineering

Harald E. Otto,,Ferruccio Mandorli 한국CDE학회 2018 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.5 No.1

Due to the full integration of CAD systems into modern product development and engineering, the competency to create usable geometric models has become an essential requirement for current CAD users. To avoid serious repercussions for future engineering labor, the focus of CAD education needs to be raised from the teaching of knowledge that is merely aimed at operating a system, to the development of basic strategic knowledge. From a pedagogical point of view, this situation represents a challenging task that requires new, innovative teaching methodologies. These new methodologies must facilitate the development of know-how and cognitive ability to organize domain knowledge within a holistic mental model allowing for accurate perception of the significance of circumstances and the possible consequences of actions. In this paper a new direction for CAD education is presented, based on the integration of traditional teaching methods with an educational approach based on negative knowledge. Analysis of first empirical results of this newly developed and implemented approach showed promising results. Improvements were observed in a better understanding of issues related to the usability of CAD models and an increased capability to recognize critical modeling situations and thus prevent the mistakes typically made by novices. Also, successful autonomous attempts could be observed of recovery from situations caused either by an accumulation of small mistakes or by severe modeling errors, which usually require remedial intervention by academic supervisors.

서울 오피스의 월세 및 전세시장: 통합된 시장인가 아니면 분리된 시장인가?

( Harald Nitsch ),( Kyung Sun Park ) 한독경상학회 2008 經商論叢 Vol.26 No.2

한국의 오피스 임대시장은 전세와 월세가 공존하고 있다. 최근 오피스시장에서 오피스 임대시장의 통합된 지수산출과 관련하여 이 두 시장을 하나의 시장으로 볼 수 있는가가 관심의 대상이 되고 있다. 본고에서는 이를 위해 지금까지의 접근법과는 달리 새로운 두 단계 접근법으로 전세와 월세 오피스시장에서의 임대료결정구조가 동일한지를 분석하고 있다. 첫째, 전세와 월세가 혼합된 서울의 오피스 임대시장에서 우선 월세 오피스시장을 설명하는 헤도닉모델을 구성하고, 이를 이용하여 전세 계약 오피스 임대의 가상적인 월세를 도출한다. 둘째, 전세 보증금과 가상적인 월세와의 관계를 회귀분석을 통하여 분석하였다. 회귀분석 결과 월세가 전세보증금에 대해 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미친다는 것을 발견할 수 있었다. 전세보증금과 가상적 월세간의 비교에 근거해서 통합된 오피스 임대 지수 산출을 위한 전세보증금의 월세 전환식을 제시하였다. In the Korean office market, the “Jeonse” deposit and a monthly rental payment scheme coexist. An ongiong discussion is whether the markets for real estate under these two arrangements are integrated or separated. The practical relevance of this question lies in the necessity to make the contracts comparable-converting the Jeonse deposit into equivalent rents -, when they are to be integrated in an indicator of the office market. We propose a new two stage approach to this problem: For a mixed data set comprising rented and Jeonse offices in Seoul, we construct a hedonic model of office rents. This model is used to construct hypothetical rents for those offices in the data set, that are let under an Jeonse arrangement. In a second step we regress the Jeonse deposits on the hypothetical rents. In these regressions, we find a significant impact of rent on Jeonse deposits. Based on the comparison of Jeonse deposits and hypothetical rents we propose a formula for converting deposits into rents for the purpose of aggregation in an office rent index.

The Physics of Flavor - Callenge for the Future

Harald Fritzsch 한국물리학회 2004 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.45 No.2

This is the Summary Talk for the theoretical part of ICFP03. The contents of the talk are reviewed, and a general outlook is given.

Optical Magnification Should Be Mandatory for Microsurgery: Scientific Basis and Clinical Data Contributing to Quality Assurance

Harald Schoeff l,Davide Lazzeri,Richard Schnelzer,Stefan M. Froschauer,Georg M. Huemer 대한성형외과학회 2013 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.40 No.2

Background  Microsurgical techniques are considered standard procedures in reconstructive surgery. Although microsurgery by itself is defined as surgery aided by optical magnification, there are no guidelines for determining  in which clinical situations a microscope or  loupe should be used. Therefore, we conducted standardized experiments to objectively assess the impact of optical magnification in microsurgery. Methods  Sixteen participants of microsurgical training courses had to complete 2 sets of experiments. Each set had to be performed with an unaided eye, surgical loupes, and a regular operating microscope. The first set of experiments included coaptation of a chicken femoral nerve, and the second set consisted of anastomosing porcine coronary arteries. Evaluation of the sutured nerves and vessels were performed by 2 experienced microsurgeons using an operating microscope. Results  The 16 participants of the study completed all of the experiments. The nerve coaptation and vascular anastomoses exercises showed a direct relationship of error frequency and lower optical magnification, meaning that the highest number of microsurgical errors occurred with the unaided eye. For nerve coaptation, there was a strong relationship (P<0.05) between the number of mistakes and magnification, and this relationship was very strong  (P<0.01) for vascular anastomoses. Conclusions  We were able to prove that microsurgical success  is directly related to optical magnification. The human eye’s ability to discriminate potentially  important anatomical structures  is  limited, which might be detrimental for clinical results. Although not  legally mandatory, surgeries such as reparative surgery after hand trauma should be conducted with magnifying devices for achieving optimal patient outcomes.