Joint Energy Efficiency Optimization with Nonlinear Precoding in Multi-cell Broadcast Systems

Gui, Xin,Lee, Kyoung-Jae,Jung, Jaehoon,Lee, Inkyu The Korea Institute of Information and Commucation 2016 Journal of communications and networks Vol.18 No.6

In this paper, we focus on maximizing weighted sum energy efficiency (EE) for a multi-cell multi-user channel. In order to solve this non-convex problem, we first decompose the original problem into a sequence of parallel subproblems which can optimized separately. For each subproblem, a base station employs dirty paper coding to maximize the EE for users within a cell while regulating interference induced to other cells. Since each subproblem can be transformed to a convex multiple-access channel problem, the proposed method provides a closed-form solution for power allocation. Then, based on the derived optimal covariance matrix for each subproblem, a local optimal solution is obtained to maximize the sum EE. Finally, simulation results show that our algorithm based on non-linear precoding achieves about 20 percent performance gains over the conventional linear precoding method.

Estimation of the Spatio-Temporal Characteristics of Anthropogenic Heat Emission in the Qinhuai District of Nanjing Using the Inventory Survey Method

Guixin Zhang,Yanghuan Luo,Shanyou Zhu 한국기상학회 2020 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.56 No.3

Taking the Qinhuai District of Nanjing, China, as the study area, this research adopted the bottom-up energy inventory method to estimate the anthropogenic heat emission at the spatial resolution of 100 m during the daytime and nighttime. Land use data derived by the visual interpretation from high resolution imagery was combined with the field investigation as well as statistical population data to estimate the spatial distribution of the population, which was then used to calculate the human metabolism. The traffic heat emission estimation was mainly based on the interpretation of different levels of roads and the statistical vehicle volume from field video recordings. The spatialized population, the collected energy consumption statistical data, the corresponding function and the number of floors in the buildings were combined to compute the industrial and the building heat emissions, respectively. The results illustrate the detailed spatio-temporal distribution variances of each type of anthropogenic heat emission during the daytime and the nighttime, which show a higher reasonability and precision. During the daytime, the high intensity of anthropogenic heat emissions is mainly distributed in the southwest of the study area, while the heat intensity is uniformly distributed during the nighttime. The average anthropogenic heat flux densities are 33.45 W/m2 and 15.34 W/m2 in the daytime and the nighttime, respectively. The highest heat flux density with the value of 14.93 W/m2 is released by commercial buildings during the daytime, while the traffic heat is the highest with the average value of 5.17 W/m2 during the nighttime.

중의 약재로부터 피부 미백제의 탐색

( Guixin Chou ),( Enyuan Zhu ),이수연 ( Su Yeon Lee ),김영희 ( Young Heui Kim ),박선기 ( Sun Ki Park ),오선택 ( Sun Tack Oh ),김기호 ( Ki Ho Kim ) 대한화장품학회 2009 대한화장품학회지 Vol.35 No.4

본 연구에서는 미백 화장품 원료를 개발하기 위해 중국에서 전통적으로 사용되어 오던 47종의 천연약재 또는 복합처방 중에서 멜라닌 생성 저해 효과를 지닌 원료를 찾고자 하였다. 그 중 버섯 티로시나제 활성 실험에서는 저해효과를 보이지 않았으나, B16-F10 멜라닌 생성세포(B16-F10 melanoma cell)를 이용하여 류기노와 단삼을 선별하였으며 단삼에서 단삼소(丹蔘素, α,3,4-trihydroxybenzenepropanoic acid sodium salt)를 분리하여 B16-F10 멜라노마 세포를 이용하여 멜라닌 생성 억제에 관한 실험을 실시하였다. 류기노와 단삼소는 농도에 따라 멜라닌 생성을 억제하였으며, 류기노는 300 μg/mL의 농도에서 약 60%, 단삼소는 100 μg/mL의 농도에서는 약 50 %의 멜라닌 생성 저해 효과를 보였다. 따라서 연구 결과로써 얻어진 2종의 원료는 새로운 천연 미백 소재로 적용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. In order to search for new whitening cosmetic ingredients from Chinese herbal extracts including Chinese herbs and complex prescriptions from TCM (Traditional Chinese Medicine), we screened about 47 TCM extracts collected from China. We tested their inhibitory effects on melanogenesis by using in vitro tyrosinase inhibition assay and B16 melanoma cells. We selected Siphonostegia chinensis and Salvianic miltiorrhiza Bunge. We isolated Danshensu (α,3,4-trihydroxybenzenepropanoic acid sodium salt) from Salvianic miltiorrhiza Bunge extract and tested its inhibitory effect on melanin formation in B16-F10 melanoma cells. Danshensu suppressed melanin synthesis up to about 50 % at a concentration of 100 μg/mL. Siphonostegia chinensis suppressed melanin synthesis up to about 60 % at a concentration of 300 μg/mL. The results showed that these extracts could be used as new natural active ingredients for whitening cosmetics.

Dynamic reverse proxy chain generation for networks in data centers

Yang Bai,Guixin Guo,Yong Wang,Kangyou Zhong,Jiang Li,Yunfei Du 한국통신학회 2020 한국통신학회 APNOMS Vol.2020 No.09

Reverse proxy, as one of the important components required by the data center to provide application services, has functions of access control, load balancing, connecting to different types of networks, etc. In the future, as the application services requiring reverse proxy further increase, network types become more and more diverse and complex, and the network hierarchy becomes higher and higher, reverse proxy will change from a single layer to multiple layers to form a reverse proxy chain. The construction of the reverse proxy chain will become one of the bottlenecks of data center networking operation and maintenance. In this paper, we propose a method of automatically constructing reverse proxy chains to avoid the problem of manual static configuration of the reverse proxy chain which is time-consuming, laborious, and difficult to maintain. In our software-defined networking experiment, we simulated a full-binary-tree-like topology of 1534 nodes. We recorded the time to generate and remove proxy chains of various lengths. The average time to generate all reverse proxy chains in the topology consisting of 1534 nodes with 100ms delay is around 5100ms, much smaller than manual configuration, which usually needs several hours.

A biothiols and H 2 O 2 responsive fluorescence probe for selective cancer imaging

Yin Nan,Qin Guixin,Wang Yuting,Tang Jiali,Yao Xin,Xu Qingling 대한화학회 2024 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.45 No.3

Identification of cancer from normal tissues is important for early diagnosis of cancer. Combined detection of multiple tumor markers is important for accurate diagnosis. It is urgent to develop fluorescent probes that are responsive to multiple cancer characterizations for selective cancer imaging. Herein, we designed a novel near‐infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe ( IRAPA ) using a hemi‐cyanine skeleton as fluorophore and 3‐acrylamidopropanoic ester as recognizing unit that is responsive to both oxidative and reductive molecules. IRAPA has faint fluorescence emission as the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) process is blocked. H 2 O 2 , glutathione (GSH) and cysteine (Cys) can individually induce the hydrolysis of ester bond and give fluorescent NIR IROH . IRAPA shows low cytotoxicity and produces strong fluorescence specifically in cancer cells/tissues. While the normal cells/tissues showed very weak fluorescence. Moreover, IRAPA shows higher differences between cancer and normal cells compared to probes that only response to biothiols or ROS. Identification of cancer from normal tissues is important for early diagnosis of cancer. Combined detection of multiple tumor markers is important for accurate diagnosis. It is urgent to develop fluorescent probes that are responsive to multiple cancer characterizations for selective cancer imaging. Herein, we designed a novel near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe (IRAPA) using a hemicyanine skeleton as fluorophore and 3-acrylamidopropanoic ester as recognizing unit that is responsive to both oxidative and reductive molecules. IRAPA has faint fluorescence emission as the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) process is blocked. H2O2, glutathione (GSH) and cysteine (Cys) can individually induce the hydrolysis of ester bond and give fluorescent NIR IROH. IRAPA shows low cytotoxicity and produces strong fluorescence specifically in cancer cells/tissues. While the normal cells/tissues showed very weak fluorescence. Moreover, IRAPA shows higher differences between cancer and normal cells compared to probes that only response to biothiols or ROS.

Relationship between Molecular Structure Characteristics of Feed Proteins and Protein In vitro Digestibility and Solubility

Bai, Mingmei,Qin, Guixin,Sun, Zewei,Long, Guohui Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2016 Animal Bioscience Vol.29 No.8

The nutritional value of feed proteins and their utilization by livestock are related not only to the chemical composition but also to the structure of feed proteins, but few studies thus far have investigated the relationship between the structure of feed proteins and their solubility as well as digestibility in monogastric animals. To address this question we analyzed soybean meal, fish meal, corn distiller's dried grains with solubles, corn gluten meal, and feather meal by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to determine the protein molecular spectral band characteristics for amides I and II as well as ${\alpha}$-helices and ${\beta}$-sheets and their ratios. Protein solubility and in vitro digestibility were measured with the Kjeldahl method using 0.2% KOH solution and the pepsin-pancreatin two-step enzymatic method, respectively. We found that all measured spectral band intensities (height and area) of feed proteins were correlated with their the in vitro digestibility and solubility ($p{\leq}0.003$); moreover, the relatively quantitative amounts of ${\alpha}$-helices, random coils, and ${\alpha}$-helix to ${\beta}$-sheet ratio in protein secondary structures were positively correlated with protein in vitro digestibility and solubility ($p{\leq}0.004$). On the other hand, the percentage of ${\beta}$-sheet structures was negatively correlated with protein in vitro digestibility (p<0.001) and solubility (p = 0.002). These results demonstrate that the molecular structure characteristics of feed proteins are closely related to their in vitro digestibility at 28 h and solubility. Furthermore, the ${\alpha}$-helix-to-${\beta}$-sheet ratio can be used to predict the nutritional value of feed proteins.

BEFS-PPARγ2 Cells Incubated with trans-11 C18:1 Exhibit More Beneficial Fatty Acid Synthesis

Tao Wang,이홍구,LiFang Wu,GuiXin Qin,Yujie Lou,Zewei Sun,Wei Guo,Jian Yang 한국식품과학회 2015 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.24 No.5

Responses of the PPARγ2 (an adipogenic lineage determinant) over-expressed immortalized bovine embryonic fibroblast cell line (BEFS-PPARγ2 cells) to trans-11 C18:1 (TVA) incubation were evaluated. BEFS-PPARγ2 cells were well differentiated. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1, an endoplasmic reticulum enzyme that can catalyze conversion of TVA into cis-9, trans-11 CLA, exhibited a significantly (p<0.05) higher mRNA expression after 4 h, compared with controls. Enzyme activity peaked, and was significantly (p<0.05) higher after 6 h, compared with controls. With extension of the incubation time, TVA absorption into cells was significantly (p<0.05) higher with significantly (p<0.05) more conversion into cis-9, trans-11 CLA, compared with shorter incubation times. TVA incubated cells exhibited significantly (p<0.05) higher levels of arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic acids than controls. BEFS-PPARγ2 cells can be used as a model system and TVA incubation is a good approach for research into cis-9, trans-11 CLA-fortified beef production.

New Polyphase Complementary Sequence Sets for Wireless Communication Systems

Fanxin Zeng,Xiaoping Zeng,Zhenyu Zhang,Guixin Xuan 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.7 No.1

Attack Graph Algorithm in the Application of Intrusion Detection System

Luo Zhiyong,You Bo,Xu Jiazhong,Yu Guixin,Liu Yahui 보안공학연구지원센터 2013 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.7 No.5

Effects of protein content and the inclusion of protein sources with different amino acid release dynamics on the nitrogen utilization of weaned piglets

Hu Nianzhi,Shen Zhiwen,Pan Li,Qin Guixin,Zhao Yuan,Bao Nan 아세아·태평양축산학회 2022 Animal Bioscience Vol.35 No.2

Objective: We aimed to investigate the effect of the differing amino acid (AA) release dynamics of two protein sources on the growth performance, nitrogen deposition, plasma biochemical parameters, and muscle synthesis and degradation of piglets when included in their diets at normal and low concentrations. Methods: Forty-eight piglets (Duroc×Landrace×Large White) with initial body weight of 7.45±0.58 kg were assigned to six groups and fed one of 6 diets. The 6 dietary treatments were arranged by 3×2 factorial with 3 protein sources and 2 dietary protein levels. They are NCAS (a normal protein content with casein), NBlend (a normal protein content with blend of casein and corn gluten meal), NCGM (a normal protein content with corn gluten meal), LCAS (a low protein content with casein), LBlend (a low protein content with blend of casein and corn gluten meal), LCGM (a low protein content with corn gluten meal). The release dynamics of AA in these diets were determined by in vitro digestion. The digestibility, utilization and biological value of nitrogen in piglets were determined by micro Kjeldahl method. Plasma insulin was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. The protein expression of mediators of muscle synthesis and degradation was determined by western blotting. Results: Although the consumption of a low-protein diet supplemented with crystalline AA was associated with greater nitrogen digestion and utilization (p<0.05), the final body weight, growth performance, nitrogen deposition, and phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 and eIF4E binding protein 1 in the muscle of pigs in the low-protein diet-fed groups were lower than those of the normal-protein diet-fed groups (p<0.05) because of the absence of non-essential AA. Because of the more balanced release of AA, the casein (CAS) and Blend-fed groups showed superior growth performance, final body weight and nitrogen deposition, and lower expression of muscle ring finger 1 and muscle atrophy F-box than the CGM-fed groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: We conclude that the balanced release of AA from CAS containing diets and mixed diets could reduce muscle degradation, favor nitrogen retention, % intake and improve growth performance in pigs consuming either a normal- or low-protein diet. Objective: We aimed to investigate the effect of the differing amino acid (AA) release dynamics of two protein sources on the growth performance, nitrogen deposition, plasma biochemical parameters, and muscle synthesis and degradation of piglets when included in their diets at normal and low concentrations.Methods: Forty-eight piglets (Duroc×Landrace×Large White) with initial body weight of 7.45±0.58 kg were assigned to six groups and fed one of 6 diets. The 6 dietary treatments were arranged by 3×2 factorial with 3 protein sources and 2 dietary protein levels. They are NCAS (a normal protein content with casein), NBlend (a normal protein content with blend of casein and corn gluten meal), NCGM (a normal protein content with corn gluten meal), LCAS (a low protein content with casein), LBlend (a low protein content with blend of casein and corn gluten meal), LCGM (a low protein content with corn gluten meal). The release dynamics of AA in these diets were determined by in vitro digestion. The digestibility, utilization and biological value of nitrogen in piglets were determined by micro Kjeldahl method. Plasma insulin was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. The protein expression of mediators of muscle synthesis and degradation was determined by western blotting.Results: Although the consumption of a low-protein diet supplemented with crystalline AA was associated with greater nitrogen digestion and utilization (p<0.05), the final body weight, growth performance, nitrogen deposition, and phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 and eIF4E binding protein 1 in the muscle of pigs in the low-protein diet-fed groups were lower than those of the normal-protein diet-fed groups (p<0.05) because of the absence of non-essential AA. Because of the more balanced release of AA, the casein (CAS) and Blend-fed groups showed superior growth performance, final body weight and nitrogen deposition, and lower expression of muscle ring finger 1 and muscle atrophy F-box than the CGM-fed groups (p<0.05).Conclusion: We conclude that the balanced release of AA from CAS containing diets and mixed diets could reduce muscle degradation, favor nitrogen retention, % intake and improve growth performance in pigs consuming either a normal- or low-protein diet.