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A DESIGN OF FAST-SEARCH IMAGE VQ ENCODER
Fang, Sang En,Jing, Wu,Yu, Qiao Xiao 대한전자공학회 1992 HICEC:Harbin International Conference on Electroni Vol.1 No.1
To meet the requirements of underwarter image communication, a design of image vector quantization (VQ) encoder by using Linde-Buzo-Gray (LBG) algorithm is discussed and a new fast-search codebook is proposed in this paper.
Causes and Responses : Reflection on China s Coal Mine Disasters 2005-2014
En Fang Qiang 위기관리 이론과 실천 2015 Journal of Safety and Crisis Management Vol.5 No.1
The constant and numerous mine disasters and thousands dead miners shocked China and world repeatedly in 2005. The Chinese Central Government made great efforts to resolve this problem, but produced little effect. The miners of China have made enormous contribution to the economic growth of China, but their lives cannot get basic guarantee from governments. This paper examines five mine disasters occurred in 2005, and attempted to provide the immediate causes of the problem. Moreover, this article checks the relationships among the Central Government with local governments, and Central Government with officials of local government. It also accesses the responses of Chinese government to the mine disasters. At last it draws the conclusion that it is the “government failure” and “market failure” cause the mine disasters, and that’s why Chinese coal mine disasters continue to now.
En Fang Qiang 위기관리 이론과 실천 2012 Journal of Safety and Crisis Management Vol.2 No.2
In China, more than 30 years of rapid socioeconomic development has achieved a world’s second economy and formed a distribution system of social wealth without fair and justice. Benefited by the education and IT revolution, the poor people and rural citizens are stressing rights, equality, expression, and participation much more than before and older generations. They are losing the public trust in government which threatens the government legitimacy. This paper examines the relationship between the wealth distribution system with Gini coefficient and gap between the rich and the poor. Using survey data collected from 2010, I examine rural citizens’ trust in government institutes, such as the central government, local government, the court, and public servants. This study also provides some strategic suggestions on rebuild public trust in government by rebuilding moral trust, economic trust, political trust, social trust, and technological trust.
Stakeholders in Natural Disaster Management of China : A Case of Wenchuan Earthquake
En Fang Qiang 위기관리 이론과 실천 2009 Crisisonomy Vol.5 No.2
Natural disaster management is one of the important contents of public emergency management system of Chinese government. The whole society must be involved in the process to response the natural disaster efficiently, effectively, and economically. This paper employs the stakeholder theory, and divides the stakeholders in natural disasters into primary stakeholder and secondary stakeholder. Taking the Wenchuan Earthquake for example, the primary stakeholders in natural disaster management in China are classified into central government, local government, army and armed police, NGO, community, private sector, victims, media, and environment, and the roles of them are discussed. This paper also gives political suggestions on study of strengthening the stakeholders system, focusing the primary stakeholder, and expanding the spectrum of stakeholders.
From “Hard” to “Soft” Values Transformation in Disaster Management of Chinese Government
En Fang Qiang 충북연구원 2016 지역정책연구 Vol.27 No.1
The 2011 Wenzhou bulletin train collision was a deadly high-speed railway accident which shocked China and the world. The rail authority declared that train crash was a natural disaster, but the central government investigation team believes that the accident was “a completely avoidable accident” and “should not have happened”. This paper introduces value theory into emergency and disaster management field to assess why different government organizations have two different disaster reason explanations. There are eight core values in public administration, among them, economy, efficiency, effectiveness, and leadership can be classified into hard values, and accountability, transparency, ethics, and professionalism can be classified into soft values. Due to the analysis of train disaster management process, this study found a value transformation in disaster management process, which is in the mitigation, preparation, and response stages, the Chinese government mainly focuses on hard values and lost public trust, and in the recovery stages, the Chinese government turns to soft values and tries to gain the public trust that will answer the question of two explanations. The soft value-oriented disaster management model will also make China safer and lead to good governance.
Control Ability: Core Capability of Chinese Disaster Management Cooperation System
En-Fang Qiang 위기관리 이론과 실천 2017 Journal of Safety and Crisis Management Vol.7 No.1
Government capacity implies the quality of being capable, and are very important for executing the political will, especially in the extremely situation, such as in crisis and emergency, and among the capabilities, core capability determines the success or not of the disaster relief and reduction. Core capability mostly depends on the emergency management system is an integrated model or segregated model. The emergency management systems of Korea and US are integrated one and China’s system is segregated one. Based on the analysis of Chinese government disaster reduction system, this study compared the China’s Eastern Star cruise ship wreck accident and Korea’s Sewol sank accident, which both killed hundreds of people, we can see that China’s disaster reduction was much more efficient and effective than Korea did. The main reason is China has a much stronger control ability than Korean government, which make a good cooperation among agencies at the state level, between central government and local government, and among agencies at local level. Through the study, we can see that the Chinese political system gives the government a very strong control ability, that is the core competitiveness of Chinese disaster management cooperation system. That is to say that successful disaster management needs successful cooperation among government agencies, cooperation needs the control ability, the control ability needs the political system to give guarantee.