http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
( Daniel Son ),( Young Han Lee ) 한국환경농학회 2010 한국환경농학회지 Vol.29 No.1
Organic farming system in rice paddy is rapidly expanding in Korea. This study was to find out optimum japonica rice cultivars for organic farming. A field research was conducted to evaluate the characteristics of japonica rice cultivars under no-tillage paddy at Doo-ryangmyeon, Sacheon, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea. The experimental soil was Juggog series (silty clay loam: 56.0% silt, 31.2% clay and 12.8% sand). In experiment, ten lines of Japanese rice cultivars were tested under no-tillage amended with rye (NTR) and no-tillage without cover crop treatment (NTNT). In addition, two Korean japonica rice cultivars as check cultivars were used in this study. The grain yield in NTR was significantly higher in 6.13 Mg ha-1 for Kinuhikari, 5.30 Mg ha-1 for Komekogane, 5.25 Mg ha-1 for Kosihikari, 5.22 Mg ha-1 for Mazizbare and 5.12 Mg ha-1 for Akitakomachi compared to two Korean rice cultivars (4.57 Mg ha-1 for Hwayoungbyeo and 4.00 Mg ha-1 for Ilmibyeo) in that order. While, grain yield in NTNT was significantly higher in 4.90 Mg ha-1 for Akitakomachi 3.81 Mg ha-1 for Hinohikari, 3.74 Mg ha-1 for Umezkusi, 3.67 Mg ha-1 for Kosihikari and 3.54 Mg ha-1 for Dondokuri compared to 3.02 Mg ha-1 for Ilmibyeo and 2.36 Mg ha-1 for Hwayoungbyeo, respectively. The number of panicle per m2 and grain number per panicle were indispensible for increasing the yield of rice. These results were able to find out optimum japonica rice cultivar Akitakomachi for organic farming in no-tillage paddy.
Long-term Assessment of Chemical Properties from Paddy Soils in Gyeongnam Province
Daniel Son,Yeon-Kyu Sonn,Seong-Soo Kang,Jae-Young Heo,Dae-Ho Kim,Yong-Jo Choi,Sang-Dae Lee,Yong Sik Ok,Young Han Lee 한국토양비료학회 2016 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.49 No.2
Field monitoring was performed to evaluate the chemical properties of 260 paddy soils every 4 years from 1999 to 2015 in Gyeongnam province. Soil chemical properties, including soil pH, electrical conductivity, amount of organic matter (OM), available phosphate (P₂O₅), exchangeable potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and sodium (Na), and available silicate (SiO₂) were analyzed. In 2015, the average values of pH, OM, available P₂O₅, exchangeable K, Ca, and Mg, and available SiO₂ was 5.8, 30 g ㎏<SUP>-1</SUP>, 222 ㎎ ㎏<SUP>-1</SUP>, 0.37 cmolc ㎏<SUP>-1</SUP>, 6.5 cmolc ㎏<SUP>-1</SUP>, and 1.4 cmolc ㎏<SUP>-1</SUP>, 252 ㎎ ㎏<SUP>-1</SUP>, respectively. The frequency distribution within optimum range of paddy soils was 49.2%, 20.8%, 18.5%, and 5.8% for soil pH, OM, available P₂O₅, and available SiO₂, respectively. The available P₂O₅ concentrations in 2015 was excess level with portion of 58% and did not alter significantly during the experimental period. Although the average of available SiO₂ concentration has tended to increase with every year, the insufficient proportion of available SiO₂ concentration in 2015 was 48%. These results indicated that a balanced management of soil chemical properties can properly control the amount of fertilizer applied for sustainable agriculture in paddy field.
Impacts of Soil Organic Matter on Microbial Community of Paddy Soils in Gyeongnam Province
Daniel Son,Yeon-Kyu Sonn,Hang-Yeon Weon,Jae-Young Heo,Dae-Ho Kim,Yong-Jo Choi,Sang-Dae Lee,Yong Sik Ok,Young Han Lee 한국토양비료학회 2016 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.49 No.6
Agricultural management of paddy soil depends on the effects of soil microbial activities. The present study evaluated the soil microbial community of 25 paddy soils in Gyeongnam Province by fatty acid methyl ester (FAME). The average of microbial communities in paddy soils were 32.2% of total bacteria, 16.7% of Gram-negative bacteria, 12.9% of Gram-positive bacteria, 2.0% of actinomycetes, 14.9% of fungi, and 1.3% of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. The communities of total bacteria (34.9%) and Gram-negative bacteria (19.4%) in soils with 30∼35 g kg<SUP>-1</SUP> of organic matter were significantly larger than those in soils with other organic matter levels. However, soils with 20∼30 g kg-1 of organic matter had significantly low ratio of cy17:0 to 16:1ω7c and cy19:0 to 18:1ω7c as compared with soils with 30∼35 g kg<SUP>-1</SUP> of organic matter, indicating microbial stress decreased (p < 0.05). In principal component analyses of soil microbial communities, Gram-negative bacteria should be considered as a potential responsible factor for the obvious microbial community differentiation that was observed between the two different organic matter levels in paddy fields. Thus, soils containing 20∼30 g kg<SUP>-1</SUP> of organic matter were responsible for strong effect on microbial biomass and stress in paddy fields.
Assessment of Heavy Metal Concentrations in Greenhouse Soils of Gyeongnam Province
Daniel Son,Hyeon-Ji Cho,Jae-Young Heo,Byeong-Jeong Lee,Kwang-Pyo Hong,Young Han Lee 한국토양비료학회 2017 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.50 No.5
Heavy metal contamination of soil might be a cause of serious concern due to the potential health impacts of consuming contaminated products. In this study, the total content of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, As, and Hg) in soils was analyzed, and the difference of heavy metal contents depending on crops, soil characteristics, and topography was compared in 169 greenhouse soils obtained from Gyeongnam Province. The concentrations of the heavy metals were 0.25 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP> (ranged 0.01~0.44) for Cd, 28.94 (0.53~72.63) mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP> for Cr, 26.03 (0.5~166.13) mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP> for Cu, 14.91 (1.27~33.22) mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP> for Ni, 15.76 (0.43~57.1) mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP> for Pb, 119.72 (6.33~239.39) mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP> for Zn, 2.54 (0.01~23.57) mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP> for As, and 0.049 (0.012~0.253) mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP> for Hg in topsoils. The concentrations of Pb and As in topsoil were highest in green pepper and those of Cd, Cr, and Ni were highest in melon. In addition, the concentrations of Cr and Ni were highest in diluvial terrace compared with the other topographies. Higher concentrations of Cd, Cr, and Ni were found in silty clay loam and silt loam soils than sandy loam and loam soils.
Numerical procedures for extreme impulsive loading on high strength concrete structures
Kent T. Danielson,Mark D. Adley,James L. O'Daniel 사단법인 한국계산역학회 2010 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.7 No.2
This paper demonstrates numerical techniques for complex large-scale modeling with microplane constitutive theories for reinforced high strength concrete, which for these applications, is defined to be around the 7000 psi (48 MPa) strength as frequently found in protective structural design. Applications involve highly impulsive loads, such as an explosive detonation or impact-penetration event. These capabilities were implemented into the authors’ finite element code, ParaAble and the PRONTO 3D code from Sandia National Laboratories. All materials are explicitly modeled with eight-noded hexahedral elements. The concrete is modeled with a microplane constitutive theory, the reinforcing steel is modeled with the Johnson-Cook model, and the high explosive material is modeled with a JWL equation of state and a programmed burn model. Damage evolution, which can be used for erosion of elements and/or for postanalysis examination of damage, is extracted from the microplane predictions and computed by a modified Holmquist-Johnson-Cook approach that relates damage to levels of inelastic strain increment and pressure. Computation is performed with MPI on parallel processors. Several practical analyses demonstrate that large-scale analyses of this type can be reasonably run on large parallel computing systems.
Khalaf, Racha,Karjoo, Sara,Danielson, Paul,Wilsey, Michael,Shakeel, Fauzia The Korean Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology 2017 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.20 No.1
Intestinal hypoganglionosis is a rare innervation disorder that provides numerous nutritional, medical and surgical challenges. In this case report, we present a case of a newborn with intestinal hypoganglionosis leading to intestinal failure and intestinal failure-associated liver disease who responded to $Omegaven^{TM}$, a fat emulsion comprised of omega-3 fatty acids. $Omegaven^{TM}$ has been shown to be beneficial in the management of cholestatic liver injury. Clinical success with $Omegaven^{TM}$ was seen in this patient with a clear decrease in aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and complete resolution of cholestasis with a direct bilirubin of zero within two weeks of initiation of $Omegaven^{TM}$. No current guidelines for the diagnosis and management of hypoganglionosis are available. We recommend a multidisciplinary approach and the use of novel therapies such as fat emulsions composed of omega-3 fatty acids for improved patient outcomes. Appropriate compassionate use protocols should be obtained from the Food and Drug Administration prior to initiation of $Omegaven^{TM}$.