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Nie, Chengrong,Yang, Xing,Niazi, Nabeel Khan,Xu, Xiaoya,Wen, Yuhui,Rinklebe, Jö,rg,Ok, Yong Sik,Xu, Song,Wang, Hailong Elsevier 2018 CHEMOSPHERE - Vol.200 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In the current study, we conducted a field experiment using the test plant, <I>Brassica chinesis</I> L. (pak choi), to investigate the effect of sugarcane bagasse-derived biochar on the bioavailability of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu) and lead (Pb), and the health of soil microbiota in a contaminated soil. Biochar application significantly (<I>P</I> < 0.05) increased pak choi yield. Bioavailability of heavy metals to plant shoots and roots decreased with increasing biochar application rates (at 0, 1.5, 2.25 and 3.0 t ha<SUP>−1</SUP>). Sequential extraction of the biochar-treated and -untreated soil revealed that exchangeable Cd reduced whereas organically-bound fraction increased with increasing biochar rate. The labile fractions of Cu and Pb decreased, but the residual fraction increased in biochar-treated soils compared to the control. Urease, catalase and invertase activities, and the populations of bacteria and actinomycetes were significantly enhanced, whereas fungi population declined in biochar-treated soils. This study highlights that sugarcane bagasse biochar has the potential to support the remediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals, and as such can improve the yield and quality of agricultural crops.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Sugarcane bagasse biochar amendment reduced availability of Cd, Cu and Pb in soils. </LI> <LI> Heavy metals were less labile in the biochar-treated soils. </LI> <LI> Biochar amendment induced an increase in soil enzyme and microbial activity. </LI> <LI> Edible part of pak choi was safer for human consumption after biochar amendment. </LI> </UL> </P>
Study of PD Location in Generators by PD Pulses Propagation
YangChun Cheng,ChengRong Li,Wei Wang 한국전기전자재료학회 2006 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.7 No.5
When a partial discharge takes place at the stator of a generator, the electrical pulse will propagate along the stator bars and the capacitor chains formed by the end part of the stator winds. On the first path, the pulse propagates as a travel wave at slow speed. On the second path, the pulse propagates at quick speed. Based on the data of the experiments on a real 50 MW steam generator, the author has found the pulses can propagate by magnetic field of the stator winding. It was studied that how to locating the partial discharge by signals coming from the different paths, including the features of signals on the two paths at time domain and frequency domain, the measurement frequency rang of the signals, the blind area, the advantage and disadvantage of this method.
Study on the Mass Transfer Behavior of AQ and Its Effectiveness during AQ-Kraft Pulping Process
XIANNAN HUANG,HAINONG SONG,CHENGRONG QIN,SUNG-HOON YOON,XIN-SHENG CHAI 한국펄프·종이공학회 2006 한국펄프종이학회 기타 간행물 Vol.- No.-
Studies of the effectiveness of anthraquinone (AQ) in kraft-AQ pulping in terms of its mechanism of mass transfer have been conducted. Experiments performed have demonstrated an “apparent solubility” of AQ in caustic solutions of wood lignin. The adsorption behavior of AQ species was also analyzed. Anthraquinone-2-sulfonic acid (AQ-S), a watersoluble derivative of AQ, showed selective adsorption on wood. A mechanism for the transport of AQ into wood chips during kraft pulping are proposed, and some explanations for previously unexplained observations are addressed.
Muhammad Rafq,Yuzhen Lv,Chengrong Li 대한전기학회 2020 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.15 No.1
The Al2O3 nanoparticles (NPs) with favorable features were prepared in our lab to develop transformer oil/paper insulation system with better insulation performance. The nanofuids (NFs) were prepared with diferent shapes (nanorods, nanoplates), surface modifcations (oleic acid, C2, C18) and concentrations (0.6 g/L, 0.8 g/L, 1.2 g/L) of Al2O3 NPs. The positive lightning impulse (LI) breakdown voltages (VBDs) of mineral oil were improved by 1.11 times with nanorod shape, oleic acid surface modifcation and 0.8 g/L concentration of NPs. The efects of Al2O3 NPs with diferent gap distances on insulating properties of NFs under LI voltage were examined. It was noted that after Al2O3 NPs suspension, the positive LI VBDs of transformer oil (TO/MO) were enhanced but the negative LI VBDs of were decreased. The signifcant improvement in insulating performance of NFs is interpreted in light of electron traps theory. It was found that suspended NPs can enhance the shallow trap desity. The generated electrons would lose their kinetic energy through repeatedly trapping and de-trapping process, leading to decline in elcetron mobility. The higher trap density of NPs will lower average energy, and lower mobility of electrons are obtained. The electrons with lower energy are easy to be captured by those molecules with high electron afnity, and be converted into negative space charges. These negative space charge decreases the electrical feld strength at the front of positive streamer and therefore reduce the propagating velocity of positive streamer.
Yang Hu,Jian Cai,Chengrong Bai,Keqiang Shao,Xiangming Tang,Guang Gao 한국미생물학회 2018 The journal of microbiology Vol.56 No.2
The patterns of macrobiota in lotic ecosystems have been extensively explored, however, the dynamics of microbiota remain poorly investigated, especially in the high-elevation region. To address this deficit, we collected eight samples to unveil the bacterial and archaeal community in the Kaidu river, located at the arid region of northwestern China (an average of 2,500 m a.s.l.). For the bacterial community, phylogenetically Betaproteobacteria prevailed, followed by Alphaproteobacteria and Actinobacteria; at the finer genus level, Limnohabitans and Variovorax were prominent. Along the river, the bacterial community showed a continuous succession. Specifically, their α- and β-diversity gradually increased, suggesting a distance-decay pattern. Additionally, there was an ecological transition between the dominant and the rare sub-community along the river: the relative abundance of the dominant members gradually decreased as the rare members increased. We report that temperature and spatial distance were significantly related to the variation of bacterial community. Variance partitioning analysis showed that the environmental factors contributed more to the bacterial community than did the spatial distance. In the case of the archaeal community, the methanogenic groups, mainly Methanosaeta and Methanosarcina, were prominent within the Kaidu river. Unlike the continuous change in the patterns of the bacterial community, the archaeal community showed a constant pattern along the river. Our results showed that the archaeal community was independent of the environmental and spatial factors. We propose that the inoculation of soil-derived archaea is responsible for the archaeal community in the Kaidu river. Together, our study demonstrated that the bacterial community in the high-elevation Kaidu river is a continuum, whereas the archaeal community is not.