Biometry of width between labial transitional line angles in anterior teeth: an observational study

Chao Wen,Hongqiang Ye,Hu Chen,Yongsheng Zhou,Mingming Huang,Yuchun Sun 대한치과보철학회 2022 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.14 No.1

PURPOSE. The maximum width between the mesial and distal labial transitional line angles, described as “esthetic width” herein, could significantly influence the visual perception of the teeth and smile. This study aimed to conduct biometric research on esthetic width and to explore whether regular distribution exists in the esthetic width of human teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A total of 4,264 maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth were measured using the Geomagic studio software program. The proportions of maxillary to mandibular homonymous teeth and proportions between the adjacent teeth were calculated. Bilateral symmetry and the correlation between the esthetic and mesiodistal widths were both accounted for during the measurement procedures. RESULTS. The mean esthetic widths were 6.773 ± 0.518 mm and 4.329 ± 0.331 mm for maxillary and mandibular central incisors, respectively, 5.451 ± 0.487 mm and 5.008 ± 0.351 mm for maxillary and mandibular lateral incisors, respectively, and 3.340 ± 0.353 mm and 5.958 ± 0.415 mm for maxillary and mandibular canines, respectively. Except for the mandibular canines, no significant difference in esthetic width was found among homonymous teeth from the same jaw. A high linear correlation was found between the esthetic and mesiodistal widths of the same tooth, except for the maxillary canines. Esthetic width proportions among different tooth categories showed some regular patterns, which were similar to those of the mesiodistal width. CONCLUSION. Esthetic width is regularly distributed among the teeth in the Chinese population. This could provide an important reference for anterior dental restorations and dimension recovery in esthetic reconstruction of anterior teeth.

Purification and Identification of a Novel Antifungal Protein Secreted by Penicillium citrinum from the Southwest Indian Ocean

( Chao Wen ),( Wen Bin Guo ),( Xinhua Chen ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2014 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.24 No.10

A novel antifungal protein produced by the fungal strain Penicillium citrinum W1, which was isolated from a Southwest Indian Ocean sediment sample, was purified and characterized. The culture supernatant of P. citrinum W1 inhibited the mycelial growth of some plant pathogenic fungi. After saturation of P. citrinum W1 culture supernatants with ammonium sulfate and ion-exchange chromatography, an antifungal protein (PcPAF) was purified. The N-terminal amino acid sequence analysis showed that PcPAF might be an unknown antifungal protein. PcPAF displayed antifungal activity against Trichoderma viride, Fusarium oxysporum, Paecilomyces variotii, and Alternaria longipes at minimum inhibitory concentrations of 1.52, 6.08, 3.04, and 6.08 μg/disc, respectively. PcPAF possessed high thermostability and had a certain extent of protease and metal ion resistance. The results suggested that PcPAF may represent a novel antifungal protein with potential application in controlling plant pathogenic fungal infection.

A Study on the Failure Probability of Landslides Induced by Rainfall

( Chaowen Wang ) 대한지질공학회 2019 대한지질공학회 학술발표회논문집 Vol.2019 No.2

Recently, the trending of the extreme rainfall events is increasing, like the heavy rain in July Heisei30 in West Japan and soon. Some of countries has made the hazard map of the sediment-related disasters to the emergency plan during rainfall. It is very useful to help people evacuating before the occurrence of disasters. However, the hazard map is a very large scale potential analysis of the disasters for a region like a village, town or bigger unit. It means that in the analysis unit, it maybe use the same conditions to evaluate the risk of the sediment-related disaster. For decision makers, it may be easy to use and operate, but for the high risk area, it may need more detail or accuracy analyses. On the other hand, most of past studies of disaster evaluation like flood or landslides are usually calculated by deterministic method, its result is dichotomy, safe or failure. In fact, there are a lot of uncertainty factors existing including of the limitation of observation/experiment or the deviation of data. For example in the real environment, there are a lot of uncertainty factors that would affect the occurrence of landslides. Therefore in the study, the author considers the both uncertainty of rainfall and soil parameters to evaluate the occurrence probability of landslides. Moreover, combing the spatial analysis, it would be easy to understand the probability distribution to help the decision making.

The Vegetable Cultivation System in Two Villages in Sichuan Province, China Constraints and Recommendations

Chaowen Lin,Arij Everaarts,Yibing Chen,Jianhua Zhang 한국원예학회 2006 한국원예학회 기타간행물 Vol.- No.-

Prediction on Hourly Cooling Load of Buildings Based on Neural Networks

Hu Chaowen,Wei Dong 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Smart Home Vol.9 No.2

Energy conservation and indoor environment concerns have motivated extensive research on various aspects of control of Heating, Ventilating and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) and building systems. The study on optimal operation as well as modeling of HVAC and building systems is one of the fastest growing fields that contribute to saving energy and improving indoor environment of buildings. The reasonable operation adjustment is one of the main methods to improve the energy efficiency. Cooling load prediction is the foundation of the optimization operation. This paper is devoted to the development of a comprehensive modeling of cooling load for a large building with ice-storage systems in Beijing, China. The models describe the dynamics of cooling load, outdoor climate parameters and indoor parameters as one multi-variable nonlinear system in a way that is useful for prediction analysis. The cooling load data collected is from June to September, and then the method of similarity for both longitudinal and transverse waveforms is used to judge whether there is abnormal data. The optimal parameter setting in the proposed model is studied. Principle Component Analysis (PCA) method was applied to select input parameters. A load prediction model has been constructed based on BP neural networks. Taking account of the generalization ability of neural networks, this paper has chosen the bayesian regularization algorithm, which can get better fitting effect than other training algorithms, to train the neural networks. Then, the BP neural network model is used for the summer hourly cooling load prediction of the business building. Evaluation of the prediction accuracy of the proposed models is based on the root mean square error (RMSE). The results show that the prediction model can accurately predict the future hourly load of 1 week and 1 day, with the prediction error at 1.60% and 1.18% respectively. The analysis shows that this model is suitable for the practical engineering application and can provide a basis for optimal operation of air conditioning control systems of large public buildings.

수구여신(修舊如新) 관점에서의 문화재 복원에 관한 디자인 연구 - 3D 스캐닝과 3D 프린팅의 복합적 적용을 중심으로 -

배초문 ( Pei Chaowen ),권효선 ( Kwon Hyosun ) 디자인융복합학회(구.한국인포디자인학회) 2022 디자인융복합연구 Vol.21 No.3

3차원 모델을 이용한 래피드 프로토타이핑 기술이 빠르게 발전함에 따라 3D 스캐닝과 3D 프린팅 기술이 문화재 보호 분야에서 광범위하게 응용되고 있다. 다양한 문화재 중 청동기 유물에 대한 전통 복원 과정은 복원 재료가 원본 문화재를 부식시키고 복원 과정을 조작하기 어렵다는 문제점이 존재한다. 본 연구에서는 3D 스캐닝과 3D 프린팅 기술을 활용하여 중국 고대 청동기 시대의 문화재 복원 과정을 소개한다. 특히, 본 연구는 수구여신(修舊如新) 방식에 입각하여 훼손된 문화재에 신기술을 적용하여 복원하는 방식의 가치를 재고한다. 3D 프린터를 이용해 저렴한 비용으로 제작 가능한 3D 스캐너를 개발하고 이를 활용하여 문화재의 형태적 특징과 구조를 다각도에서 신속하게 촬영하는 방식을 확인한다. 또한, 대중적인 3D CAD 소프트웨어를 사용해 문화재의 가상 모형을 복원할 수 있는 가능성을 보였다. 가상 복원을 마친 3D 모델을 3D 프린터로 출력하여 실제 문화재 복원에 적용하였다. 본 연구는 맞춤 제작 가능한 3D 스캐너를 제안하여 기존의 첨단 3D 스캐너의 비용적 한계를 극복하고, 3D 프린팅 기술을 활용하여 전통 문화재 복원 작업에서 디지털 기술의 대중화 가능성을 시사하였다. Rapid Prototyping technology, including 3D scanning and 3D printing, has been widely applied in the field of cultural heritage restoration. Many artifacts from Chinese Bronze Age have been found with corrosions and losses that make archaeologists difficult to work through the restoration process. In this study, we developed a bespoke and affordable 3D scanner made with 3D printers. We examined our scanner in the restoration of an ancient Chinese object, which has been passed down from the Chinese Bronze Age. We captured and recorded the morphological features and structural information of the damaged artifact. We then employed the photos in restoring the virtual model of the artifact using 3D CAD software. The completed model was 3D printed and applied to the restoration of the original artifact. Our research addresses how digital technology can make cultural heritage restoration widely available to designers and researchers who wish to engage in this area.

Geochronology, geochemistry and zircon Hf-isotopes of the early Mesoproterozoic Yaopengzi dolerite in SW Yangtze block (Sichuan, SW China): implications for the Columbia supercontinent breakup

Tianguo Wang,Chaowen Huang,Gaofeng Du,Yang Liu,Jianfeng Xie,Huan Li 한국지질과학협의회 2019 Geosciences Journal Vol.23 No.4

Magmatism in the Huili area (SW margin of the Yangtze block) was active during the early Mesoproterozoic, and has important implications on the early tectonic evolution of the Yangtze block. We report new data in petrology, whole-rock geochemistry, zircon U-Pb and Hf isotopes for the Yaopengzi dolerite in the Huili area. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating of the dolerite yielded an early Mesoproterozoic age of ca. 1515–1513 Ma, coeval with the Columbia supercontinent breakup. The dolerite belongs to the alkali basalt series, and is enriched in light rare earth elements (LREE) and large ion lithophile elements (LILE), resembling typical oceanic island basalt (OIB) in geochemistry. Zircons from the Yaopengzi dolerite yielded 176Hf/177Hf = 0.28192–0.28203 and εHf(t) = –0.3 to 5.3. Our integrated study suggests that parental magma of the Yaopengzi dolerite may have originated from the enriched mantle, and was slightly contaminated by crustal materials during its evolution. Combining with regional tectonic background, the early Mesoproterozoic mafic magmatism at/around Yaopengzi may have formed in a mantle plume-related intracontinental rift setting. This reflects that the early Mesoproterozoic extension in the Yangtze block may have resulted from mantle plume activities led by the Columbia supercontinent breakup.

Terminal Anomaly Detection System Based on Dynamic Taint Analysis Technology

Wang Yutong,Chang Chaowen,Han Peisheng 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.10 No.8

With the rapid development of computer systems, intrusion attack methods have become large-scale, distributed and complex. Traditional protection means such as vulnerability database, virus database and rule matching can’t cope with the attacks hidden inside the terminals. This paper proposed a terminal anomaly detection system based on dynamic taint analysis technology from the data dimension of the terminals. Firstly we built a standard data path model based on HMM and evaluated the deviation degree of the current operating mode with it to find the abnormal working status of the terminals. The experimental results show that the structure is valid to discover the intrusion attacks with a high detection rate and low false alarm rate.

Optimization of ultrasound-assisted magnetic retrieval-linked ionic liquid dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction for the determination of cadmium and lead in water samples by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry

Li Yao,Xie Wang,Haitao Liu,Chaowen Lin,Liangyu Pang,Junwei Yang,Qingbin Zeng 한국공업화학회 2017 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.56 No.-

A simple and efficient method for the determination of Cd and Pb in water samples was developed byultrasound-assisted magnetic retrieval-linked ionic liquid dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (UA-MR-IL-DLLME) preconcentration and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS)detection. Ionic liquid (IL) [Hmim] [PF6] was used as the extractant, ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (APDC) as the complexing agent and Fe3O4 nanoparticles as the sorbent, whileultrasound was applied to assist the dispersion of the extractant and accelerate the mass transfer process. The effect of different factors on the extraction efficiency including pH, IL volume, APDC amount,ultrasound extraction time, ultrasound desorption time and Fe3O4 amount was studied by a fractionalfactorial design to screen for the most important factors. Then a central composite design was used tooptimize the significant factors. Under the optimal conditions, the method has linear calibration curvesover the range of 0.3–20 ng/mL for Cd and 0.5–40 ng/mL for Pb, with correlation coefficients (R) of0.9990 and 0.9986 for Cd and Pb, respectively. The limits of detection were 0.1 ng/mL and 0.15 ng/mL withrelative standard deviations of 3.4% and 2.8% for Cd and Pb, respectively. Finally, the method wassuccessfully applied for the determination of Cd and Pb in the real water samples and satisfactoryrecoveries were achieved.

Establishment and Application of Polymerase Spiral Reaction Amplification for Salmonella Detection in Food

( Wenli Xu ),( Jun Gao ),( Haoyue Zheng ),( Chaowen Yuan ),( Jinlong Hou ),( Liguo Zhang ),( Guoqing Wang ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2019 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.29 No.10

Salmonella is a common zoonotic and foodborne pathogen that causes high morbidity and mortality in developing countries. In this study, we established and validated a polymerase spiral reaction (PSR) assay which targeted the conserved invasion gene (invA) of Salmonella by SYBR Green I indicator methods. Subsequently, assays for determination of the optimal conditions for optimal specificity and sensitivity of PSR were performed. We performed comprehensive evaluations using loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and realtime PCR. A total number of 532 samples of daily food were analyzed by PSR. Twenty-seven bacterial strains were tested in the specificity assay, from which positive results were obtained only for 14-Salmonella strains. However, none of the 13 non-Salmonella strains was amplified. Similarly with LAMP and real-time PCR, the detection limit of the PSR assay was 50 CFU/ml. The PSR method was also successfully applied to evaluate the contamination with Salmonella in 532 samples of daily food, corroborating traditional culture method data. The novel PSR method is simple, sensitive, and rapid and provides new insights into the prevention and detection of foodborne diseases.