Selective Reduction of Orgainc Compounds with Al-Fluorodiisobutylalane Jin Soon Cha† and Seung Jin Park

Jin Soon Cha, Seung Jin Park 조선대학교 기초과학연구원 2009 조선자연과학논문집 Vol.2 No.3

The new MPV-type reagent, Al-fluorodiisobutylalane (DIBAF), has been prepared and their reducing characteristics in the reduction of selected organic compounds containing representative functional groups have been examined in order to find out a new reducing system with unique applicability in organic synthesis. In general, the reagent is extremely mild, showing only reactivity toward aldehydes, ketones, and epoxides. The reagent achives a clean 1,2-reduction of enals to the corresponding allylic alcohols in a 100% purity, but shows no reactivity toward enones. The reagent also shows an excellent regioselective cleavage of substituted epoxides. In addition, DIBAF produces the thermodynamically more stable alcohol epimer in high stereoselectivity in the reduction of cyclic ketones

Selective Reduction of Orgainc Compounds with Al-Fluorodiisobutylalane Jin Soon Cha† and Seung Jin Park

Jin Soon Cha,Seung Jin Park 조선대학교 기초과학연구원 2009 조선자연과학논문집 Vol.2 No.3

DMBA에 의해 유도된 생쥐 생식기 종양의 세포학적 연구

차동수,한상원,권장연,정인배,이영진,한혁동,정순희,등영건 연세대학교 원주의과대학 1993 원주의대논문집 Vol.6 No.1

GIS를 이용한 하천의 프랙탈 특성 분석

차상화,이순탁 嶺南大學校 工業技術硏究所 2001 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.29 No.2

This study analyzed fractal characteristics of river by using GIS. In this study, topographical factors in river basin was grid-analyzed for each cell size by using GIS and regression formula was derived by analyzing correlation among topographical factors and cell size which were calculated here. And, analysis of fractal characteristics of river by using the result calculated from 1) showed that among topographical factors, rover length only increases according as cell size increases. The result of calculating fractal dimension for each cell size shows that river length, basin area, and centroidal flow path are 1.028, 1.0026 and 1.0061 respectively.

都市主婦들의 肥滿實態 및 그에 관련된 要因에 관한 硏究

차복경,이순재 대구효성가톨릭대학교 1993 연구논문집 Vol.47 No.1

This study was undertaken to investigate the prevalence of obesity and the factors related to obesity of housewives in Chin-Ju City from January 10 to March 10.1991. In this study, 101 housewives were chosen from Buddhists of Chong Rhim Temple in Chin-Ju. Anthropometry including weight, height, waist, hip were measured and dietary intakes was surveyed by fook frequency method. Informations on the general background were obtained by questionnaires. A amounts of nutrients intake was calculated according to food composition tables. The percentage of body fat was measured by tetrapolar bioelectrical impendance method. The energy expenditrue was measured by calorie counter. Results were summrized as follows: 1. The average age, weight and height of the subjects were 46±8, 57.1±9.0㎏, 155.9±5.8㎝, respectively. Prevalence of obesity was 28.7% and 27.7% by criteria of BMI and RBW as obesity index respectively. 2. General environmental factors that numbers of children, educational levels, stop childbearing age, menarche age, menopause age and marriage age were investigated. The general environmental factors except menarche age and marriage age were not a distinguish difference. The sooner minarche age, the higher BMI. The xooner marriage age, the higher RBW. Therefore, the possibility of obesity was high as menarch or marriage was fast. 3. Average energy intake of subjects wass 2094.3±65.1Kcal/day, average energy expenditure of subjects was 2032.1±344.7Kcal/day and average energy expenditure/body weight was 35.7±5.3Kg/day. Energy expenditure/body weight is decreasing. 4. The serum lipid level of subjects (p<0.01) was a significant difference between level of triglyceride, total-cholesterol and BMI, RBW. The higher BMI and RBW, the higher TG, taotal-cholesterol level and the lower HDL-cholesterol level. 5. Nutrient intake of subjects represented that the higher educational levels, the higher intakes of lipid, vit.B₁,vit.B₂. The sooner marriage age, the olwer intakes of protein,lipid, calcium, vit.B₂, niacin.

대학생의 노인복지에 대한 인식도

차병준,김무룡,김기열,차경미,김귀희,김현실,서인선,임상규,이순자,위광복,남철현 慶山大學校 保健福祉硏究所 1999 保健福祉硏究 Vol.2 No.-

The purpose of this study is to grasp the change of consciousness of young people in order to seek new approach of policy for aged era. 1,200 students attending collages and universities in three small or medium sized cities were inquired for 2 months, from October 1 to November 30, 1996. The result is as follows. 1. The characteristic of the respondents of this survey is that they include 72.1% of women, 40.4% of people aged between 20 to 21, and 49.1% of people who do not have any religion. Those who are from big cities and those who are form farming villages or fishing village occupy equally 40.2%, those who reside in that cities for a long period 49.0%, and those who live with their family 60.9%. 2. The family feature of the subject is that 31.5% of them are those whose father is the age of 55 and more than 55, 10% of them are those whose mothers age is so, 33.1% of them have 5 family members, 29.5% of them have the family income of 1,000,000 to 1,490,000 won, 83.9% of them are from middle class, 47.7% of them are the people whose grand parents have passed away, 70.4% of them live apart from their grand parents, and 60.9% of them are second child. 3. 64.0% of males, 70% of respondents who are aged over 24, 58.1% of respondents who are from rural communities, 62.4% of respondents who live in rural area, and 58.3% of respondents who live alone, prefer to live with grand parents, marked higher rate than other groups. The groups whose father and mother are the age of more than 55 marked higher rate of 55.9% and 58% each than any other groups(p<0.05). The groups whose family member is less than three, whose grand parents both have passed away in middle class, who live with their grand parents, and who are second children, give more positive answers than any other groups. 4. Those who are older, who are buddhists, who are from rural area or live in rural area, whose family is small, whose family income is small, who are from lower class and whose grand parents are still alive, shows preference to support their parents after marriage. 5. Females(89.4%), those who are from small or medium sized cities(89%), who live with their family(85.6%), whose father is the age of 55 and more than 55, whose mother is the age of 54 and less than 54, whose family member is 6, who are from middle class, whose grandparents are still alive and who are the eldest child in their family, give more response that they prefer to live apart from their children in their old age than any other groups. 6. What elderly people need most right now is past time(42.3%), and the respondents whose age is 20 to 21, who are buddhists, who are from middle sized cities and live alone, whose parents are the age of more than 55, who have small family income, who live with their grand parents and who are second children show higher level than any other groups. 7. 76.8% of respondents answer that they do not need their parent's fortune, marked still higher rate than the opposite answer. Those who are older, who are buddhists, who are from big cities, who reside in rural area, who live alone and have smaller family, who are in bad family economic conditions and who live with grand parents present higher rate of positive response. 8. 59.3% of respondents reply that they think about death from time to time, and those who are female, who are in the age of 20 to 21, who are christian, who live with their family, whose siblings or other family members offer their education expenses show higher rate than any other groups. 9. 92.3% of respondents answer that the budget for welfare facility for elderly people is very small. The younger the respondents are and the worse economic condition they have among those who live in big cities, the more answered that. 10. 50% of respondents think social security should provide for their old age, and 42.8% of them believe they themselves provide against it. The respondence that social security ought provide for it appeared more among those whose age are over 24, who are female, who reside in rural area, who are christian, who are in bad economic condition, and who ever used medical institutions in recent one month, marked higher level than other groups. 11. The adequate time of retirement is 59.97±5.60 for public officers, the highest and 59.28±6.35 for teachers, the next. 12. 35.2% of respondents reply that the adequate budget for the old age after their retirement at the age of 60 is 220 million won, showed the highest level of respondence. 13. The factors which affect on the old people in the charged welfare facilities are sex(p<0.01), the type of housing(p<0.05) and whole family income(p<0.05). 14. The factors which affect on remarriage are sex(p<0.05) and religion(p<0.05). For varying old population and expanded welfare service for them, government and relevant authority should give more attention to secure the budget, establish effective plans to expand various program and the facilities for elderly people in order that elderly people spend the rest of life time more happily and more fruitfully. To do that, each college and university should open Health courses, and educate and inform about health and welfare.

신뢰성 기준을 적용한 용수공급능력의 해석 : 낙동강유역을 중심으로 for the Nakdong River Basin

차상화,지홍기,이순탁 한국환경과학회 2002 한국환경과학회지 Vol.11 No.12

In general, the evaluation of water supply capacity is important factor to establish various establishment of water resource supply plan include water resource security and determination of dam's mass. But former researchs about estimation of water supply capacity were lack in continunity of evaluation basis, and didn't excute analysis on reliability criteria also. In this study, Nakdong river was selected for study basin, and then water supply capacity was analyzed by HEC-5 model using indentical reliability criteria.

지르코늄―나이트렌 화합물 합성

차경환,김의진,이순원 성균관대학교 기초과학연구소 1993 論文集 Vol.44 No.2

Zr(acac)Cl_3(THF) 및 Zr(acac)_2Cl_2(acac=acetylactate, CH_3COCHCOCH_3^1) 화합물이 [Li(THF)_x][PhNN=NNPh], Ⅰ, 리간드와 반응하여 각각 Zr(=NPh)(acac)CI(THF), Ⅱ, 및 Zr(=NPh)(acac)_2, Ⅲ, 착화합물을 생성하였다. 이들을 ^1H-NMR, FTIR 스펙트럼으로 분석하였다. Reactions between Zr(acac)CI_3(THF) and Zr(acac)_2Cl_2(acac=CH_3 COCHCOCH_3^1) with [Li(THF)_x][PhNN=NNPh], Ⅰ, led to Zr(=NPh)(acac) Cl(THF), Ⅱ, and Zr(=NPh)(acac)_2, Ⅲ, respectively. They have been characterized by ^1H-NMR and FTIR spectroscopy.

大學病院 入院患者 保護者의 常住理由와 이에 따른 問題點 및 看護役割

車順玉,朴正漢 대한보건협회 1991 대한보건연구 Vol.17 No.1

To define the reason for guardians attending on the patients of a university hospital, their nursing role and problems associated with their attendance, a personal interview was conducted with all the newly admitted patients to the departments of internal medicine, general surgery, orthopedics, and neurosurgery of a university hospital in Taegu for four weeks from 20 March to 1 April and 10 April to 22 April 1989. Selection criteria of the patients were agreeing to respond to interview and having operation in case of surgical patients. One hundred eighty three patients were interviewed twice; on the second and fourth hospital days for the patients of internal medicine, on the first and fourth post-operation days for the patients of surgical departments. The proportion of guardians who stayed with the patients over 21 hours in a day was 78.7% and 1.6% of the patients had no guardians. Suppose the hospital takes full responsibility of the patient nursing care, 74.3% of the guardians still intend to stay with the patients. Major reasons for staying with the patients are to soothe the patient (20.1%), to detect the critical status of patient and report to the nursing station (19.7%) and facilitate communication between patient and medical staff (19.4%). Those who do not intend to stay stated that they have to take care of the home affairs (52.4%) and go to work (33.2%). Guardians brought their meals from home in 35.9% and 13.4% of them cooked their meals in the ward. Such practices have problems of food storage in the multi-occupant rooms which have no refrigerator and have risk of fire. Twenty percent of the guardians of multi-occupant rooms slept on the floor of patient room or corridor or on the patient's bed. Such practices impede the environnmental management of the wards. Nursing activities that were carried out by the guardians of the medical patients were less than 10% for the most of the nursing contents in both the second and the fourth hospital days and most of the nursing contents were carried out by the patients themselves. In cases of the general surgery and orthopedic patients, the percentages of nursing activities that were carried out by the guardians were higher and the self-care percentages were much lower than in cases of the medical patients. However, the self-care percentages for cleaning the body, having meals, and toilet care were increased in the fourth post-operation day. In cases of the neurosurgical patients, the percentages of nursing activities that were carried out by the guardians ranged between 30% and 79% in the first post-operation day and these percentages remained almost the same in the fourth post-operation day. Likewise, a significant portion of the nursing activities was delegated to the guardians but there were no sleeping and boarding facilities for them in the hospital. Considering that the hospital is not capable to provide the patients a comprehensive nursing care and a guardian is needed due to the cultural factor, it is desirable to provide the guardians with sleeping and boarding facilities and promote the environmental and safety controls of the hospital.

Cimetidine과 Phenobarbital 이 Acetaminophen에 依한 急性 肝毒性에 미치는 影響에 關한 硏究

車淳道,姜大榮 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1988 충남의대잡지 Vol.15 No.1

In an attempt to elucidate the biochemical mechanism and efffects of phenobarbital and cimetidine on acetaminophen-induced hepatic necrosis, the present study in rats was undertaken to evaluate the relation between serum transaminase and pathologic change of the liver at 3, 6, 12 and 24 hours after acetaminophen administration with pretreatment of phenobarbital and cimetidine. The results were as follows: 1. Twenty--four hour mortalities in acetaminophen 600mg/kg administrated groups are 3..3% for the control group, 3.3% for cimetidine pretreatment group and 16.6% for the phenobarbital pretreatment group, respectively. In acetaminophen 1200mg/kg administrated groups, the mortalities are 33.3%, 6.6% and 43%, respectively. 2. The sGOT activity is increased at 3 hours after acetaminophen administration, and is in proportion to the dose of the drugs. In animals pretreated with cimetidine the elevation of the sGOT is decreased, but is increased in phenobarbital preated groups. The change of the sGPT is similiar to the sGOT, and reveal striking elevation at 24 hours after acetaminophen administration. 3. In animals receiving acetaminophen 600mg/kg, the necrotic change of the liver is not observed in the cimetidine pretreated group, but present in the phenobarbital pretreated group at 12 hours afterr acetaminophen administration. 4. In animals receiving acetaminophen 1200mg/kg, necrotic change is well demonstrated in the experimental and control group at 12 hours and 24 hours after acetaminohen administration. The severity of necrotic change is mild in the cimetidine pretreated group but severe in the phenobarbital. pretreated group in contrast to the control group. In summary, the results obtained by the present study indicate the severity of hepatic necrosis in the acetaminophen overdose treated rats is in proportion to the dose, increased by Phenobarbital and decreased by cimetidine.