만성 정신분열병 환자에서 다음증과 물중독 위험군의 임상적 특성-표준화 일중체중증가를 이용하여

김차식,김혜남,백기청 大韓神經精神醫學會 1996 신경정신의학 Vol.35 No.4

연구배경 : 만성 정신분열병 환자들에서 다음증과 물중독은 임상가의 인식부족 등의 이유로 흔히 간과되어 왔으며, 이들의 임상적 특성에 대해서는 논란이 되고 있다. 본 연구는 다음증과 물중독의 위험군을 검색하는 방법으로 경제적이고 간편하다고 알려진 표준화 일증체중증가를 이용하여 비정상적인 일중체중증가를 보이는 만성 정신분열병 환자들의 임상적 특성을 알아 보고자 하였다. 방법 : 1995년 7월에서 1995년 10월 사이에 국립서울정신병원에 입원한 2년 이상된 정신분열증 환자 156명을 대상으로 3주간 매주 1회씩 7 a. m.과 4 p.m.에 각각 체중을 측정하여 표준화 일중체중증가를 구하였다.표준화 일중체중증가는 오전 체중에 대한 오후 체중의 증가비율로서 4 a.m. 체중에서 7 p.m.체중을 뺀 후 100을 곱하였고 그 값을 7 p.m. 체중으로 나눈 값(%)인데, 비정상적 표준화 일중체중증가는 1.2% 이상을 기준으로 하였다. 이와 함께 향정신병 약물, 정신분열병의 예후예측변인 및 체형을 조사하여 비교하였다. 결과 : 대상 환자가운데 비정상적인 일중체중증가를 보이는 환자들은 35.9%를 차지하였고, 이들은 남자, 저역가 약물복용, 흡연, 장기간의 입원경력 및 상대적으로 마른 체형 등의 임상적 특성을 보였다. 결론 : 이상의 임상적 특성을 보이는 만성 정신분열병 환자들은 다음증과 물중독의 위험군이라 볼 수 있으며, 따라서 실제 임상에서 이러한 특성을 보이는 만성 정신분열병 환자들은 다음증 및 물중독의 위험에 관한 임상가의 인식이 필요하다. Objects : Polydipsia and water intoxication among chronic schizophrenic patients is poorly understood and underdiagnosed due to lack of awareness among clinicians, and their clinical characteristics are controversial issues at present. We attempted to identify clinical characteristics of chronic schizphrenic inpatients who had abnormal normalized diurnal weight gain, an economic and easy method for screening the risk group of polydipsia and water intoxication. We also assessed the factors that may contribute to abnormal normalized diurnal weight gain. Methods : One hundred fifty-six chronic schizophrenic inpatients(From July, 1995 to October,1995) at Seoul National Mental Hospital were studied. They were weighed at 7 a.m. and 4 p.m. weekly for 3 weeks. We normalized the diurnal weight gain as a percentage by substracting the 7 a.m. weight from the 4 p.m. weight, multiplying the difference by 100, and dividing the result by the 7 a.m. weight. We defined the abnormal normalized diurnal weight gain as above1.2%, according to the previous study of Davidson et al(1976). We estimated current psycho-tropic medication, prognostic factors of schizophrenia and body type, and compared those with normalized diurnal weight gain values. Results : About thirty-six percent of the subjects had abnormal normalized diurnal weight gain values. The chronic schizophrenic inpatients with abnormal normalized diurnal weight gain were clinically characterized by being male, using low potency antipsychotics, smoking, extended hospitalization and relatively low body mass index score. Conclusions : We suggest that the risk of polydipsia and water intoxication in chronic schigophrenic inpatients are increased, by being male, using low potency antipsychotics, smoking and having extended hospitalizations and relatively low body mass index score. Therefore in psychiatric practice, clinician's awareness about these correlations are warranted.

2-Pyridinecarboxaldehyde thiocarbohydrazone의 코발트(II), 니켈(II) 및 구리(II)착물의 합성과 성질

金且植,金昌洙 大邱大學校附設 基礎科學硏究所 1997 基礎科學硏究 Vol.14 No.1

Schiff base. 2-pyridinecarboxaldehyde thiocarbohydrazone(PyTC) has been prepared from the reaction of 2-pyridinecarboxaldehyde(PyCHO) with thiocarbohyrazide. The Schiff base has been reacted with CoCl·6H₂O, NiCl₂· 2H₂0 and CuSO₄.5H₂O to form Co(II), Ni(ll), and Cu(II) complexes of PyTC. These complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, conductivities, and spectroscopic methods.

구속압 및 과압밀비가 점성토의 변형·강도특성에 미치는 영향]

박춘식,장정욱,최차석 국립7개대학공동논문집간행위원회 2004 공업기술연구 Vol.4 No.-

The purpose of this study is to investigate the deformation and strength characteristics of clay by confining pressure and O.C.R by triaxial compression test. The results are shown as follows. 1)In normally consolidated clay soil of confining pressure, the more σ₃is increased, the more internal friction angle is decreased. 2) Within 0.3~4.0kgf/㎠ range of σ₃, internal friction angle has shown confining pressure about 5~6˚. 3)A point of destory, pore-pressure moduls is increased as σ₃is getting increase.

실업계 고교 과학 수업에서 마인드 맵을 사용하기

박윤배,김차식 慶北大學校 科學敎育硏究所 2003 科學敎育硏究誌 Vol.27 No.-

The purpose of this study was to identify the possibility of use of mind map in vocational high school science class. Eleventh graders in a vocational high school in Daegu were our subject. Topics for making mind map were digestion, nerve system, reproduction, and genetics. A criteria for mind map evaluation and several mind maps were presented. The students were very liked the use of mind map and it might be a very effective instructional technique for vocational high school.

LiTaO₃ 단결정내 물리적 성질의 저주파수 특성

강봉훈,정차식,이찬구,이수대 경남대학교 신소재연구소 1997 論文集 Vol.8 No.-

실온에서 1000°C까지 온도 영역과 100 Hz에서 10 MHz까지의 주파수 영역에서 LiTaO₃ 단결정 내 물리적 성질들의 주파수 의존성을 연구하였다. 이때 사용된 물리적 인자들은 복소유전율 ε^(*)(ω). 복소임피던스 Z^(*)(ω), 복소전기전도도 σ^(*)(ω)였다. 실험에서 얻어진 자료들을 가지고 결정내의 물리적 인자들에 대한 주파수 의존성 및 일반적으로 만족시키는 주파수의 지수 인자인 n에 대하여 설명하였다. 이러한 실험 자료들은 이론식에 잘 부합됨을 알 수가 있었다. 또한 이러한 주파수 의존성을 갖는 여러 인자들의 물리적 의미를 제안하여 보았다. Low-frequency physical properties of LiTaO₃single crystals carried out as a function of frequency range from 100 Hz to 10 MHz at temperature range from room temperature to 1000℃. The using factors were the complex dielectric permittivity ε^{*}(ω), the complex impedance Z^{*}(ω) and the electrical conductivity σ^{*}(ω). With a measured data, we showed the logarithmic plots of their frequency-dependent properties and the exponent factor n of "universal" character. The measured data agreed with the results of theorical fitting. We estimated the physical meaning of each factor with frequency dependency.

연직말뚝의 경사도에 대한 연구

장정욱,박춘식,최차석 국립7개대학공동논문집간행위원회 2004 공업기술연구 Vol.4 No.-

This Paper studied the effects of inclination of piles on pile behaviors. The following are the conclusions of this study. (1) When all the piles are inclined to a same direction, the piles reaction, maximum moment and horizontal displacement of footing increase as the angle of inclination increases. (2) when the piles of each opposite side are inclined symmetrically, the vertical reaction either increases or decreases in proportion to the angle of inclination. In this case, the vertical reaction of inclined piles decreases but the vertical reaction of non-inclined piles increase.

환경친화형 수분산성 불소 아크릴레이트 공중합체에 의한 섬유 표면개질

유수용,김정두,문명준,서차수,주창식,이민규 한국환경과학회 2004 한국환경과학회지 Vol.13 No.10

Waterborne fluorinated acrylate copolymer (WFAC) for surface modification of textile was synthesized from perfluoroalkyl ethyl acrylate, octadecyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, surfactant and 3,3 methyl-methoxy butanol. The structures of the synthesized WFAC were determinated by FT-IR and ^(19)F-NMR analysis. The thermal stability investigated with DSC and TGA was decreased with increasing the content of fluorinated acrylate in the copolymer. However, the particle sizes of WFAC were increased with increasing the content of fluorinated acrylate in the copolymer. The surface energies calculated by contact angles of WFAC were in the range of 29.80~3.41 dyne/cm. On the observing SEM of the textile surface treated with WFAC, the textile was swollen and compacted with increasing the concentration of water repellency agent. WFAC synthesized in this study showed a good water repellency.

Jesus' Travel Route and Its Theological Implications as Reflected in the Tao Concept

Cha, Jung-Sik TORCH TRINITY CENTER FOR BIBLICAL RESEARCH 2008 Scripture and Interpretation Vol.2 No.2

Spectral Efficiency of WRAN Spectrum Overlay in the TV White Space

Cha Sik Leem,Sang Won Kim,Chang-Joo Kim,Sung-Chul Kang,이재용 한국전자통신연구원 2008 ETRI Journal Vol.30 No.6

In this letter, we investigate the spectral efficiency of IEEE 802.22 wireless regional area network (WRAN) spectrum overlay when it is used in TV white space. Since 2004, when the FCC published the notice of proposed rule making 04-186 to make use of unused TV spectrum, the IEEE 802.22 working group has been standardizing specifications for WRAN operations. There have been a few papers investigating the spectral efficiency of this, but their analyses were limited to the cases for various guard distances between WRAN base stations. Since WRAN base station (BS) power for WRAN service may differ from country to country, it is important to analyze the spectral efficiency for various WRAN BS powers. In this letter, we analyze the spectral efficiency of WRAN spectrum overlay as a function of the power of WRAN BSs. The simulation results show that spectral efficiency decreases as the power of WRAN BSs and guard distances increase.

Pathophysiology and Treatment of Gout Arthritis; including Gout Arthritis of Hip Joint: A Literature Review

Cha Yonghan,Lee Jongwon,Choy Won-Sik,Lee Jae Sun,Lee Hyun Hee,Chae Dong-Sik 대한고관절학회 2024 Hip and Pelvis Vol.36 No.1

Gout is triggered by the accumulation of uric acid in the body, leading to hyperuricemia. Genetic, metabolic, and environmental factors can influence this condition. Excessive uric acid buildup results in the formation of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals, which precipitate in specific areas of the body, including the joints, where they can cause symptoms of gout. While the acute and chronic symptoms of gout have been well-documented, diagnosis of gout affecting the hip joint poses significant challenges. The global incidence of gout, the most prevalent form of inflammatory arthritis, is on the rise. Evaluation of the clinical signs, laboratory results, and imaging results is generally required for diagnosis of gout in cases where MSU crystals have not been detected. Hyperuricemia is considered a primary cause of arthritis symptoms, and comprehensive guidelines for treatment are available. Therefore, the choice of medication is straightforward, and moderate effectiveness of treatment has been demonstrated. Gout is a chronic disease, requiring lifelong uric acid-lowering medications, thus application of a treatment strategy based on the target blood uric acid concentration is necessary. Consequently, cases of gout will likely be observed more frequently by hip surgeons in clinical scenarios in the future. The objective of this review is to provide an overview of the pathophysiology of gout and subsequently examine recent advances in diagnostic methods and therapeutic agents based on an understanding of its underlying mechanisms. In addition, literature on gout-related issues affecting the hip joint, providing a useful reference for hip surgeons is examined.