CYP2W1, CYP4F11 and CYP8A1 Polymorphisms and Interaction of CYP2W1 Genotypes with Risk Factors in Mexican Women with Breast Cancer

Cardenas-Rodriguez, N.,Lara-Padilla, E.,Bandala, C.,Lopez-Cruz, J.,Uscanga-Carmona, C.,Lucio-Monter, P.F.,Floriano-Sanchez, E. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.3

Breast cancer (BCa) is the leading type of cancer in Mexican women. Genetic factors, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of P450 system, have been reported in BCa. In this report, and for the first time in the literature, we analyzed the rs3735684 (7021 G>A), rs11553651 (15016 G>T) and rs56195291 (60020 C>G) polymorphisms in the CYP2W1, 4F11 and 8A1 genes in patients with BCa and in healthy Mexican women to identify a potential association between these polymorphisms and BCa risk. Patients and controls were used for polymorphism analysis using an allelic discrimination assay with TaqMan probes and confirmed by DNA sequencing. Links with clinic-pathological characteristics were also analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed using the standard ${\chi}^2$ or Fisher exact test statistic. No significant differences were observed in the distributions of CYP2W1 (OR 8.6, 95%CI 0.43-172.5 P>0.05; OR 2.0, 95%CI 0.76-5.4, P>0.05) and CYP4F11 (OR 0.3, 95%CI 0.01-8.4 P>0.05) genotypes between the patients and controls. Only the CYP8A1 CC genotype was detected in patients with BCa and the controls. All polymorphism frequencies were in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) in the controls (P>0.05). We found a significant association between BCa risk and smoking, use of oral contraceptives or hormonal replacement therapy (HRT), obesity, hyperglycemia, chronic diseases, family history of cancer and menopausal status in the population studied (P<0.05). Tobacco, oral contraceptive or HRT, chronic diseases and obesity or overweight were strongly associated with almost eight, thirty-five, nine and five-fold increased risk for BCa. Tobaco, obesity and hyperglycemia significantly increased the risk of BCa in the patients carrying variant genotypes of CYP2W1 (P<0.05). These results indicate that the CYP2W1 rs3735684, CYP4F11 rs11553651 and CYP8A1 rs56195291 SNPs are not a key risk factor for BCa in Mexican women. This study did not detect an association between the CYP2W1, 4F11 and 8A1 genes polymorphisms and BCa risk in a Mexican population. However, some clinico-pathological risk factors interact with CYP2W1 genotypes and modifies susceptibility to BCa.

CYP3A4 Expression in Breast Cancer and its Association with Risk Factors in Mexican Women

Floriano-Sanchez, Esau,Rodriguez, Noemi Cardenas,Bandala, Cindy,Coballase-Urrutia, Elvia,Lopez-Cruz, Jaime Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.8

Background: In Mexico, breast cancer (BCa) is the leading type of cancer in women. Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) is a superfamily of major oxidative enzymes that metabolize carcinogens and many antineoplastic drugs. In addition, these enzymes have influence on tumor development and tumor response to therapy. In this report, we analyzed the protein expression in patients with BCa and in healthy women. Links with some clinic-pathological characteristic were also assessed. Materials and Methods: Immunohistochemical analyses were conducted on 48 sets of human breast tumors and normal breast tissues enrolled in Hospital Militar de Especialidades de la Mujer y Neonatologia and Hospital Central Militar, respectively, during the time period from 2010 to 2011. Informed consent was obtained from all participants. Statistical analysis was performed using ${\chi}^2$ or Fisher exact tests to estimate associations and the Mann Whitney U test for comparison of group means. Results: We found a significant CYP3A4 overexpression in BCa stroma and gland regions in comparison with healthy tissue. A significant association between protein expression with smoking, alcoholism and hormonal contraceptives use was also observed. Additionally, we observed estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) positive association in BCa. Conclusions: We suggest that CYP3A4 expression promotes BCa development and can be used in the prediction of tumor response to different treatments. One therapeutic approach may thus be to block CYP3A4 function.

RNA Expression of Cytochrome P450 in Mexican Women with Breast Cancer

Bandala, Cindy,Floriano-Sanchez, E.,Cardenas-Rodriguez, N.,Lopez-Cruz, J.,Lara-Padilla, E. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.6

Involvement of cytochrome P450 genes (CYPs) in breast cancer (BCa) may differ between populations, with expression patterns affected by tumorigenesis. This may have an important role in the metabolism of anticancer drugs and in the progression of cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the mRNA expression patterns of four cytochrome P450 genes (CYP2W1, 3A5, 4F11 and 8A1) in Mexican women with breast cancer. Real-time PCR analyses were conducted on 32 sets of human breast tumors and adjacent non-tumor tissues, as well as 20 normal breast tissues. Expression levels were tested for association with clinical and pathological data of patients. We found higher gene expression of CYP2W1, CYP3A5, CYP4F11 in BCa than in adjacent tissues and only low in normal mammary glands in our Mexican population while CYP8A1 was only expressed in BCa and adjacent tissues. We found that Ki67 protein expression was associated with clinicopathological features as well as with CYP2W1, CYP4F11 and CYP8A1 but not with CYP3A5. The results indicated that breast cancer tissues may be better able to metabolize carcinogens and other xenobiotics to active species than normal or adjacent non-tumor tissues.

Hypocholesterolemia in Patients with an Amebic Liver Abscess

( Maria S Flores ),( Adriana Obregon Cardenas ),( Eva Tamez ),( Elba Rodriguez ),( Katiushka Arevalo ),( Isela Quintero ),( Rolando Tijerina ),( Francisco Bosques ),( Luis Galan ) 대한소화기학회 2014 Gut and Liver Vol.8 No.4

Background/Aims: Many parasites induce changes in the lipid profiles of the host. Cholesterol increases the virulence of Entamoeba histolytica in animal models and in vitro culture. This study aimed to determine, in patients with an amebic liver abscess, the correlation between cholesterol and other features, such as the size and number of abscesses, standard hematological and serum chemistry profiles, liver tests, and duration of hospital stay. Methods: A total of 108 patients with an amebic liver abscess and 140 clinically healthy volunteers were investigated. Cholesterol and triglycerides were measured in the sera. The data from medical observations and laboratory tests were obtained from the clinical records. Results: A total of 93% of patients with an amebic liver abscess showed hypocholesterolemia not related to any of the studied parameters. Liver function tests correlated with the size of the abscess. The most severe cases of amebic liver disease or death were found in patients whose cholesterol levels continued to decrease despite receiving antiamebic treatment and hospital care. Conclusions: Our results show that the hypocholesterolemia observed in patients with an amebic liver abscess is not related to any of the clinical and laboratory features analyzed. This is the first study relating hypocholesterolemia to severity of hepatic amebiasis. (Gut Liver 2014;8:415-420)

Poster Session : PS 0342 ; Epidemiology and Public Health : Survival Curves and Characterization of Patients Who Died with Diagnoses Related with Sepsis in the University Clinic Rafael Uribe from Cali Valle Colombia

( Angel Ricardoarenas Villamizar ),( Hoover Leon Giraldo ),( Esteban Rodriguez Cardenas ),( Jenny Munoz Lombo ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

Objective: To estimate the survival curves (Kaplan Meier) categorized by risk groups of patients who died of SIRS, sepsis, septic shock or severe sepsis during the year 2011, and carry out their respective characterization Methods: Sample Size: Totality of patients who died of septicemia diagnoses according to the ICD-10 Criteria for Inclusion: elder 15-year-old patients. Direct cause of death: Septicemia. To comply with The American College of Chest Physicians and The Society of Critical Care Medicine criteria for diagnosis of Systemic infi ammatory response syndrome SIRS, sepsis, severe sepsis or septic shock. Exclusion criteria: deceased patients with different diagnoses and Patients Younger than 15 years old. Statistical Analysis Plan: It was carried out univariate and bivariate analysis. It was calculated the categorized survival values: gender, origin of remission, antibiotic treatment and comorbidities. It was used STATA version 10. 0 Results: Certifi ed cases of death by SEPSIS (n = 243) 23%, were incorrectly classifi ed. 55. 67% of deaths by SEPSIS were of community origin and 44. 33% were associated to infections in health care (IAHC). 34, 04% of the established treatments were not relevant. The fall of the survival curve was faster in patients with community germs died of sepsis. The main germ found in the community was the E. Coli: 11. 48%, it was followed by Klebsiella pneumonia: 7. 38% For patients with IAHC, the Pseudomona aeruginosa ranked fi rst: 12. 12%. Conclusions: As to the origin of the infection, the pulmonary focus was the further presentation. It was found sepsis diagnoses not justifi ed which alters the epidemiology of the institution. It`s required a greater adherence to the manuals and protocols for the rational use of antibiotics by improving the timeliness and effectiveness of the same. Studies are suggested to the germs from the community where survival rates fall more dramatically than the germs involved in infections associated with health care.

Complications and local relapse after intraoperative low-voltage X-ray radiotherapy in breast cancer

Ana Alicia Tejera Hernández,Víctor Manuel Vega Benítez,Juan Carlos Rocca Cardenas,Neith Ortega Pérez,Nieves Rodriguez Ibarria,Juan Carlos Díaz Chico,Juan José García-Granados Alayón,Pedro Pérez Correa 대한외과학회 2020 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.98 No.6

Purpose: To study those factors that influence the occurrence of surgical complications and local relapse in patients intervened for breast cancer and receiving intraoperative radiotherapy. Methods: Observational study on patients intervened for breast cancer with conservative surgery and intraoperative radiotherapy with low-voltage X-ray energy source (INTRABEAM), from 2015 to 2017 with 24 months minimum followup. Variables possibly associated to the occurrence of postoperative complications were analyzed with the Student t-test and the Fisher exact test; P < 0.05 considered significant. Subsequently, the construction of multiple multivariate analysis models began, thus building a logistic regression analysis using the IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 23 software. Local relapse was described. Results: The study included 102 patients, mean age of 61.2 years; mean global size of tumor, 12.2 mm. Complications occurred in 29.4%. Fibrosis was the most frequently observed complication, followed by postoperative seroma. Using a 45 mm or larger applicator were significantly associated with the occurrence of complications. Tumor size 2 cm or larger and reintervention showed borderline significant association. Only one case of local relapse was observed. Conclusion: Certain factors may increase the risk of complication after the use of intraoperative radiotherapy. Using external complementary radiotherapy does not seem to increase the rate of complications. Select patients and the involvement of a multidisciplinary team are essential for achieving good results

Relation of Alcohol/Tobacco use with Metastasis, Hormonal (Estrogen and Progesterone) Receptor Status and c-erbB2 Protein in Mammary Ductal Carcinoma

Leon-Hernandez, Saul Renan,Padilla, Eleazar Lara,Algara, Alfredo Cortes,Rodriguez, Noemi Cardenas,Sanchez, Esau Floriano,Cruz, Jaime Lopez,Barradas, Cesar Miguel Mejia,Bandala, Cindy Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.14

Background: An association between alcohol/tobacco use and risk of metastasis in breast cancer has been clearly shown. Materials and Methods: The present study explored, in 48 samples of tissue from mammary ductal carcinoma (taken from Mexican women with an average age of $58.2{\pm}10.9$ years), the association of risk of metastasis with the status of hormonal receptors and the c-erbB2 protein (by immunohistochemistry) as well as clinical, histopathological and sociodemographic factors. Results: Of 48 patients, 41.6% (20/48) presented with metastasis, 43.8% were positive for the estrogen receptor (RE+), 31.3% for the progesterone receptor (RP+) and 47.7% for c-erbB2 (c-erbB2+). The following combinations were found: RE+/RP+/c-erbB2+ 8.3%, RE+/RP+ 22.9%, RE+/RP- 20.8%, RE-/RP+ 8.3%, RE-/RP-/c-erbB2- 22.9% and RE-/RP- 47.8%. There were 12 patients who used alcohol/tobacco, of which 91.6% did not present metastasis and 81.9% were RE-/RP-. Compared to the RE-/RP-/c-erbB2+, the RE+/RP+/c-erbB2+ group had a 15-fold greater risk for metastasis (95%CI, 0.9-228.8, p=0.05). The carriers of the double negative hormonal receptors had a 4.7 fold greater probability of being (or having been) smokers or drinkers (95%CI, 1.0-20.4, p = 0.03). Conclusions: There was a clear protective effect of using alcohol and/or tobacco, in the cases included in the present study of mammary ductal carcinoma, associated with double negative hormonal receptors. However, this association could be due to a protective factor not measured (Neyman bias) or to a bias inherent in the rate of hospitalization (Berkson fallacy). This question should be explored in a broad prospective longitudinal study.

Gene Expression of CYP1A1 and its Possible Clinical Application in Thyroid Cancer Cases

Gallegos-Vargas, JA,Sanchez-Roldan, J,Ronquillo-Sanchez, MD,Carmona-Aparicio, L,Floriano-Sanchez, E,Cardenas-Rodriguez, N Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.7

Background: Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy, and exact causes remain unknown. The role of CYP450 1A1 (CYP1A1) in cancer initiation and progression has been investigated. The aim of this work was to analyze, for the first time, CYP1A1 gene expression and its relationship with several clinicopathological factors in Mexican patients diagnosed with thyroid cancer. Materials and Methods: Real-time PCR analysis was conducted on 32 sets of thyroid tumors and benign pathologies. Expression levels were tested for correlations with clinical and pathological data. All statistical analysis were performed using GraphPad Prism version 3.0 software. Results: We found that female gender was associated with thyroid cancer risk (P<0.05). A positive relationship was identified between CYP1A1 mRNA levels and the presence of chronic disease, alcohol use, tumor size, metastasis and an advanced clinical stage (P<0.05). Conclusions: The results suggest that CYP1A1 gene expression could be used as a marker for thyroid cancer.

Association of Histopathological Markers with Clinico-Pathological Factors in Mexican Women with Breast Cancer

Bandala, Cindy,De la Garza-Montano, Paloma,Cortes-Algara, Alfredo,Cruz-Lopez, Jaime,Dominguez-Rubio, Rene,Gonzalez-Lopez, Nelly Judith,Cardenas-Rodriguez, Noemi,Alfaro-Rodriguez, A,Salcedo, M,Floriano Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.18

Background: Breast cancer (BCa) is the most common malignancy in Mexican women. A set of histopathological markers has been established to guide BCa diagnosis, prognosis and treatment. Nevertheless, in only a few Mexican health services, such as that of the Secretariat of National Defense (SEDENA for its acronym in Spanish), are these markers commonly employed for assessing BCa. The aim of this study was to explore the association of Ki67, TP53, HER2/neu, estrogenic receptors (ERs) and progesterone receptors (PRs) with BCa risk factors. Materials and Methods: Clinical histories provided background patient information. Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis was conducted on 48 tissue samples from women diagnosed with BCa and treated with radical mastectomy. The Chi square test or Fisher exact test together with the Pearson and Spearman correlation were applied. Results: On average, patients were $58{\pm}10.4$ years old. It was most common to find invasive ductal carcinoma (95.8%), histological grade 3 (45.8%), with a poor Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI; 80.4%). ERs and PRs were associated with smoking and alcohol consumption, metastasis at diagnosis and Ki67 expression (p<0.05). PR+ was also related to urea and ER+ (p<0.05). Ki67 was associated with TP53 and elevated triglycerides (p<0.05), and HER2/neu with ER+, the number of pregnancies and tumor size (p<0.05). TP53 was also associated with a poor NPI (p<0.05) and CD34 with smoking (p<0.05). The triple negative status (ER-/PR-/HER2/neu-) was related to smoking, alcohol consumption, exposure to biomass, number of pregnancies, metastasis and a poor NPI (p<0.05). Moreover, the luminal B subty was associated with histological type (p=0.007), tumor size (p=0.03) and high cholesterol (p=0.02). Conclusions: Ki67, TP53, HER2/neu, ER and PR proved to be related to several clinical and pathological factors. Hence, it is crucial to determine this IHC profile in women at risk for BCa. Certain associations require further study to understand physiological/biochemical/molecular processes.

Performance of carbon fiber added to anodes of conductive cement-graphite pastes used in electrochemical chloride extraction in concretes

M. J. Pellegrini-Cervantes,C. P. Barrios-Durstewitz,R. E. Nú,ñ,ez-Jaquez,F. J. Baldenebro-Lopez,R. Corral-Higuera,S. P. Arredondo-Rea,M. Rodriguez-Rodriguez,O. Llanes-Cardenas,R. Beltran-Chaco 한국탄소학회 2018 Carbon Letters Vol.26 No.-

Pollution of chloride ion-reinforced concrete can trigger active corrosion processes that reduce the useful life of structures. Multifunctional materials used as a counter-electrode by electrochemical techniques have been used to rehabilitate contaminated concrete. Cement-based pastes added to carbonaceous material, fibers or dust, have been used as an anode in the non-destructive Electrochemical Chloride Extraction (ECE) technique. We studied the performance of the addition of Carbon Fiber (CF) in a cement-graphite powder base paste used as an anode in ECE of concretes contaminated with chlorides from the preparation of the mixture. The experimental parameters were: 2.3% of free chlorides, 21 days of ECE application, a Carbon Fiber Volume Fraction (CFVF) of 0.1, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9%, a lithium borate alkaline electrolyte, a current density of 4.0 A / m2 and a cement/graphite ratio of 1.0 for the paste. The efficiency of the ECE in the traditional technique using metal mesh as an anode was 77.6% and for CFVF of 0.9% it was 90.4%, with a tendency to increase to higher percentages of the CFVF in the conductive cement-graphite paste, keeping the pH stable and achieving a homogeneous ECE in the mass of the concrete contaminated with chlorides.