烏梅의 肝디스토마 殺蟲性 물질에 관한 硏究

곽영실,류성호,백병걸,이재구,안병준 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 1985 藥學論文集 Vol.1 No.-

The anthelmintic substance of the roasted fruits of Prunus mume against Clonorchis sinensis was isolated and its structure was identified by chemical and physical methods. The results obtained from the experiments are as follows: 1) The methanol extract of the roasted fruits of P. mume was fractionated into four parts: petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and water soluble part. Among these, etherial fraction was found to have strong wormicidal effect on liberated metacercarial of Clonorchis sinensis. 2) From the etherial fraction, the wormicidal substance was isolated by silica gel, polyamide and sephadex column chromatography and identified to be 5-hydroxymethyfurfural (5-HMF) by chemical and spectral data. 3) 5-HMF was synthesized and administered to the rabbits infected with C. sinensis. On the 2nd day after administration, the EPG (eggs per gram in feces) reached to the maximal value. Among the adult worms isolated from the bile duct of the treated animal, 84% of worms were damaged morphologically. 4) The content of 5-HMF in the fruits of P. mume which were roasted in an oven at 90~110℃ for 52 hours and that in the fresh fruits was evaluated by HPLC. The content of 5-HMF was 0.8% in the roasted fruits and 0.02% in the fresh ones.

선청성-소아성 내사시에서 양안 내직근의 7mm 후전술

민병무,김창식 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1992 충남의대잡지 Vol.19 No.1

Twelve patients with large angle congenital-infantile esotropia averaging 71 prism diopters under-went 7-mm bilateral medial rectus recessions by the fornix approach. Successful horizontal alignment with the initial procedure when measured at the most postoperatively was achieved in 11 patients (92%). One patient(8%) was undercorrected and none was overcorrected. The advantages of the method, as compared to three or four muscle procedures, are that it is quicker, simpler, and a less traumatic procedure which leaves the lateral rectus nuscle an unoperated for future surgeries if necessary. This is effective even in very large angle congenital-infantile esotropia.

장중첩증을 동반한 맹장 지방종 1예

홍의실,나병규,김민옥,유일영,채지영,채희복,윤세진,이상전,송형근,박길선,정현용 충남대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2002 충남의대잡지 Vol.29 No.2

대장 지방종은 주로 우측 결장에 호발하고 특히 회맹판 부위와 맹장 부위에 호발한다. 또한 50~60대에 빈도가 높고 증상이 있는 환자에서 장중첩증이 높게는 40~50%에서 보고되고 있어 성인 장중첩증의 원인으로 중요한 비중을 차지한다. 특히 성인 장중첩증 및 장폐쇄의 중요 원인인 악성 종양과 임상 양상이 유사하여 감별진단이 중요하다. 저자들은 반복적인 복통을 주소로 내원한 환자에서 맹장의 4×5㎝의 점막하 지방종이 말단 회장부위와 반복적인 장중첩중이 발생했던 1례를 부분 절제술로 치료하여 양호한 임상 경과를 경험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Lipomas are one of the most common benign nonepithelial tumors of the colon which are often detected incidentally by radiologic investigation or on operation. These tumors are usually without specific symptoms. Colonic lipomas occur most often in the right colon, particularly in the ileocecal valve and the cecum. Most patients are asymptomatic. but tumors larger than 2 cm tend to produce a change in bowel habit. abdominal pain. rectorrhagia and complications including luminal obstruction or intestinal intussusception. Diagnosis can be made by colonoscopy abdominal CT. MRI, or barium enema. We report a case of lipoma of the cecum that originated in the submucosa and presented as a intussusception in a 50-year-old woman with a brief review of the literature.

배양계배 근아세포의 MyoD 발현에 대한 N-cadherin의 영향

안병태,진경실 가톨릭대학교 자연과학연구소 1999 자연과학논문집 Vol.20 No.-

근아세포는 여러 단계의 근육형성 프로그램을 거쳐 다핵의 근관세포를 형성하며, 근특이 단백질의 합성 및 축적이 일어난다. 근특이 단백질의 합성은 유전자 조절 단백직인 MyoD, myogenin, Myf-5, 그리고 MRF-4 등에 의하여 조절되며, 이들 단백질이 동형접합체나 이형접합체를 형성함에 따라 DNA와 결합하여, 전사를 조절한다. MyoD는 유전자의 발현 시기와 장소를 결정하는 단백질로, 근세포가 아닌 세포를 근세포로 전환시키는 능력이 있으며, 근세포 분화에 관여한다. 근아세포가 응집을 하기 위해서는 cell adhesion molecule 등이 필요하며, 이 과정에 칼슘의존적 cell-cell adhesion molecule로서 생쥐와 닭의 뇌세포에서 발현되는 N-cadherin이 관여한다. 신경세포내의 cadherin 발현양상에 따라 신경세포가 운동신경과 감각신경으로 분화되며, anti-cadherin antibody를 처리했을 때 팔, 다리의 연골형성이 억제된다. N-cadherin은 골격근세포나 그밖의 많은 세포에서도 태아시기에 일시적으로 발현되며, 분화 초기에 근아세포에서 발현되어 근세포 간의 접합 등에 관여한다. 또한, 세포의 접합 뿐아니라 융합, 이동, 배열 등에 관여한다고 보고된 바 있다. 본 연구는 N-cadherin이 근육에서 일시적으로 발현되는 것에 초점을 맞추고, anti-N-cadherin antibody(NCAD2)를 사용하여 N-cadherin을 억제함으로써 발생하는 근육 분화의 형태적, 생화학적 변화를 분석하였다. 근아세포 성장에 NCAD2를 처리함에 따라 형태적 분화양상의 차이가 관찰되었고, 융합의 정도가 감소되어 나타났다. 또한 NCAD2를 처리했을 때, 근세포 분화 동안 발현되는 MyoD의 발현이 억제됨을 관찰할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과들은 세포 상호작용을 중재하는 N-cadherin이 근세포 분화에 요구되는 신호전달에 중요 역할을 하는 것을 시사한다. N-cadherin is a Ca^(2+)-dependent cell-cell adhesion molecule. It was identified in brain cells of mouse and chicken. Its expression is transient in skeletal muscles and many other tissues. Myoblasts grown in the presence of anti-cadherin antibodies(NCAD-2) exhibited an altered morphology compared to control cultures, coupled with decreased myoblast fusion. Treatment with NCAD-2 suppressed MyoD expression in muscle cell differentiation. These results show that cadherin-mediated cell interaction plays a critical role in the signaling events required for differentiation of muscle progenitor cells.

한국 정신 역동학실제의 현황 분석

김헌수,김현실,민병근 울산대학교 의과대학 1993 울산의대학술지 Vol.2 No.1

This study was intended to get the base-line data of psychodynamic formulation for teaching the residents through the analysis of the current status of psychodynamic formulation in Korea. Data were collected through the mailings-questionnaire survey. Subjects served for this study consisted of 1,034 psychiatrists including 259 residents and 775 psychiatric specialists in Korea, using census method. Statistical method employed was percentage rate. 1. 267 respondents(25.8%) among 1,034 psychiatrists replied to our mailings questionnaire. 2. 83.5 percent of respondents perceived psychodynamic formulation to be very important, 46.8 percent of respondents felt formulation to be crucial for second year residents, while 37.8 percent of respondents stated that they referred to textbooks of psychiatry, others(25.1 percent) sent guidelines for the mental status examination and/or descriptions of the intake interview. 5.6 percent of respondents did not provide any materials for psychodynamic formulation. 2 percent of respondents did not answer this question. 55.4 percent of respondents recognized general psychiatry, psychopharmacology and biological psychiatry to be more important than the teaching of formulation. As a result, though the Korean psychiatrists recognized formulation to be very important, they did not sufficiently provide the materials about psychodynamic formulation. 3. the Korean psychiatrists prefered to psychoanalysis models, focal psychodynamic approaches and/or biopsychosocial approaches in case of formulating the psychiatric patients, while the American psychiatrists tended to adapt psychoanalysis and/or ego psychological models to their patients. 4. 72.7 percent of respondents indicated that they distinguished psychodynamic formulation and diagnostic assessment, while 20.9% of respondents emphasized that all patients require a diagnostic assessment. 48.7 percent of respondents viewed that psychodynamic tended to be overlooked and declined due to recent advanced biological psychiatry.

靑少年 犯罪類型과 韓國 家族形態間의 關係

金憲秀,閔秉根,金賢實 大韓神經精神醫學會 1996 신경정신의학 Vol.35 No.3

본 연구의 목적은 한국가정의 가족형태분류, 청소년 범죄유형분류 및 범죄유형의 심각성과 가족형태간의 상관성을 규명하는데 있다. 연구대상자 선정방법은 비례층화적 표본추출법을 적용하여 1994년 9월 현재 중학교 1학년에서 고등학교 3학년까지 재학중인 학생청소년 1,283명과 소년원·분류심사원에 재소 중인 비행청소년 413명인 총 1,696명으로 하였다. 연구조사방법은 설문지법으로 수집된 자료중 불충분한 응답을 한 141명을 제외한 1,555명을 실제자료분석대상으로 하였다. 연구대상자의 연령범위는 12세에서 18세 사이였다. 본 연구에서는 수집된 자료분석과 문헌고찰을 통하여 우선 한국의 가족형태와 청소년 범죄유형을 분류분석한 후 가족형태와 범죄청소년들의 범죄유형의 심각성간의 관계를 규명하기 위하여 가족형태를 독립변인, 범죄유형의 심각성을 종속변인, 청소년의 정신사회적 스트레스요인(생활사건)과 성격적 요인을 매개변인으로 하여 범죄유형집단간의 차이를 비교·분석하였다. 자료분석은 SAS프로그램을 이용하였으며 사용된 통계방법은 요인분석, 상관계수분석법 및 부분상관계수분석법 등이었다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 한국가정의 가족형태는 충동행동화형, 정상합의형, 구속억압형, 무질서형, 폐쇄형 및 미숙형 등의 6가지 유형으로 분류되었다. 2) 한국청소년의 범죄유형은 문헌고찰을 통하여 재산범, 강력범, 폭력범 및 특별법범 등 4가지 유형으로 분류되었다. 3) 가족원간의 불안이 고조되어 있으며 역할의 모호, 충동 및 갈등해결을 행동으로 표출시키는 충동행동화형가정에서 양육된 청소년들은 대물지향적 공격성향이 높아 기물파손, 재산파괴, 절도 등의 재산범법행위가 높은 반면에 가족원간의 불신, 비협조, 불안을 주특징으로 보이는 무질서형 가정과 부모나 주변환경에 대한 불만이 많음에도 불구하고 고민이나 갈등표현을 억제하는 폐쇄형 가족형태에서 양육된 청소년들은 대인지향적 공격성향이 높아 행패, 구타, 무기소지 등의 폭력범법행위가 많았다. 특히 폐쇄형 가족형태에서 성장한 청소년에게는 강력범법행위도 높게 나타났다. 4) 가족의 질병이나 가족싸움과 같은 가족 내 문제와 청소년개인의 성격적 특성(권위저항 성격, 극심한 기분 변화 등)이 충동행동화형 가족형태와 관련있는 반면에 충동적 행동·즉각행동·권위저항행동 등과 같은 청소년개인의 성격적 특성이 충동행동화형 가정에서 자란 청소년자녀들의 대물지향적 범죄 즉 재산범법행위의 심각성을 더해주는 것으로 나타났으나 이들 청소년의 환경적, 성격적 요인이 충동행동화형가정과 재산범의 상관성에 매개역할은 하지 않았다. 5) 가족원간의 싸움, 청소년의 진로문제 등이 폐쇄형 가족형태와 관련되어 있는 반면에, 폐쇄형 가정에서 강력범죄의 심각성에는 충동행동화형 가족형태와 재산범과의 관계에서와 같이 충동적 행동, 즉각행동, 권위저항행동 등과 같은 청소년개인의 성격적 특성이 강력범죄의 심각성과 관련되어 있었으나 청소년의 스트레스 요인·성격적 요인이 폐쇄형 가정과 강력범의 상관성에 매개역할은 하지 않았다. 6) 무질서형 가족형태와 특별히 관련된 청소년의 성격적 환경적 스트레스요인은 없었으나 무질서형 가족형태에서는 가족내문제보다 무단결석, 무단가출과 같은 청소년의 행동 및 성격적 특성이 청소년자녀의 폭력범죄의 심각성과 관련되어 있었으나 이들 청소년의 환경적, 성격적 요인이 무질서형 가정과 폭력범의 상관성에 매개역할은 하지 않았다. 7) 청소년개인의 충동적 행동, 무단결석, 무단가출과 같은 행동특징적 요인이 폐쇄형 가족형태와 관련되어 있었으며 또한 폐쇄형 가족형태에서 청소년폭력범죄의 심각성에도 무단결석이나 무단가출과 같은 요인이 관련되어 있었으나 이들 요인이 폐쇄형 가족형태와 폭력범의 상관성에 매개역할은 하지 않았다. 이와 같이 청소년의 환경적 스트레스요인 및 성격적 요인이 특정가족형태와 청소년범죄유형간의 상관성에 매개변인으로 작용하고 있지 않음을 알 수 있었다. 그러나 이상에서 제시한 바와 같이 청소년 비행 및 범죄행동이 부모의 양육태도, 가족원간의 관계와 같은 가정환경적 요인과 청소년개안의 성격적 요인의 상호작용에서 비롯되는 반면에 청소년범죄의 심각성에는 가정환경적 요인보다 충동성, 권위저항성 등과 같은 개인의 성격적 요인이 보다 크게 작용함을 알 수 있었다. Objects : The purpose of this study was to classify the current family type and juvenile criminal patterns in Korea, and then examine the correlation between juvenile criminal pattern and family type, environmental stress and personality variables of the adolescents. Methods : The data were collected through the questionnaire survey. Subjects served for this study consisted of 1,696 adolescents(1,283 student adolescents : 413 delinquent adolescents) in Korea, sampled from Korean student population and adolescent delinquent population confined in juvenile correctional institutions, using the proportional stratified sampling method. Their age range was between 12 and 18. The actual number of cases put into the analyses was 1,555 including 1,202 student adolescents and 353 delinquent adolescents. Data were analysed by SAS program. Statistical methods employed were, factor analysis, correlation analysis and partial correlation analysis etc. Results : 1) Analysis of adolescents reports of family dynamic environment yielded 6 family types including impulsive family type, well-functioning family type, constricted family type, chaotic family type, closed family type and immature family type in the order of their explanatory variate. In a word, impulsive family type is operationalized as involving impulsiveness of family members, acting out, emotional explosion, resistance toward authoritative figure including their parents and adults, blurred role boundaries of family member, constricted family type as involving restricted parenting to children, punishment-oriented, autocratic father and submissive mother, chaotic family type as involving parental breakup, selfish parent, economic problem, mistrust and neglect among family members, closed family type as involving social isolation, mistrust to surrounding world, parental indifference and neglect toward their children, disobedience and parental evasion of conflict, immature family type as involving a lack of independency of family members, indecisiveness, pathological bonding of family members including winning of spouse's favour and maternal dominance-paternal ineffectiveness, projection and conjugal competition. Whereas the construct defining well-functioning family type is conceptualized as involving childrens' respect toward parent, democratic and flexible parental attitude toward their children, cooperation and trust among family members and harmonious parent-child relationship etc. 2) Through the literature review, the authors arbitrarily classified the 4 juvenile criminal patterns as follows ; crimes against property, aggressive crimes, assault crimes and violation of criminal special law. 3) The hypothesis 1 is that there will be significant correlation between family type and the severity of juvenile criminal patterns. Through the correlation analysis, this hypothesis was supported. To put it concretely, of the correlation between the severity of juvenile criminal pattern and family type in Korea, impulsive family type significantly correlated with the severity of object-oriented crime, that is, damage to property, robbery, burglary and so no, whereas chaotic family type and closed family type significantly correlated with the severity of person-oriented crime(crimes against person), that is violent act, physical assault and aggressive crime and so on. 4) The hypothesis 2 is that there will be significant correlation between family type, severity of juvenile criminal behavior and environmental and personality variables of adolescent. In this paper, environmental variables of adolescent were measured by death of parent, trouble between parent, divorce of parent, chronic disease of family member, parental overdrinking and dissipation, severe conflict with parent, trouble with lover and problem in a course of one's life. And personality variables of adolescent were measured by trouble among family member, habitual alcohol drinking, emotional instability, impulsiveness, truancy, runaway, resistance toward authoritative figure and intolerance. From this finding using the partial correlation analysis, it revealed that the environmental and personality variables of adolescent such as chronic disease of family member, trouble with lover, trouble among family member, emotional instability and resistance toward authoritative figure were significantly correlated with the impulsive family type and the personality variables of adolescent such as impulsiveness, intolerance and resistance toward authoritative figure had statistically significant correlation with the severity of damage of property in the impulsive family type. And the environmental stress and personality variables of adolescent such as problem in a course of one's life and trouble among family member were significantly correlated with the closed family type and the personality variables of adolescent such as intolerance, impulsiveness and resistance toward authoritative figure were significantly correlated with the severity of aggressive crimes in the closed family type. However, the authors did not find any environmental stress and personality variables of adolescent that were significantly correlated with the chaotic family type, whereas the problem behavior of adolescents such as truancy and runaway was significantly correlated with the severity of assault crimes in the chaotic family type. Finally, the authors suggest that personality variables of adolescent such as impulsiveness, truancy and runaway were significantly correlated with the closed family type, also truancy and runaway were significantly correlated with the severity of assault crimes in the closed family type. 5) The hypothesis 3 is that the family environmental stress and personality variables of adolescent will serve as mediating variables in the correlation between family type and juvenile criminal pattern. Environmental stress and personality variables of adolescent such as death of mother and/or father, parental divorce, disharmonious parent-child relationship, chronic disease of family member, emotional instability, impulsiveness and resistance toward authoritative figure were not play as mediating variables in the correlation between family type and juvenile criminal pattern in this study through the hypothesis testing. Accordingly this hypothesis was rejected. Conclusion : The various family type including impulsive, closed and chaotic type in Korea tended to exert significant influence on the severity of juvenile crimes such as crimes against property, aggressive crimes and assault crimes. While environmental stress and personality variables of adolescent had direct effect upon juvenile criminal patterns and severity of juvenile criminal act, they did not play a mediating role in the processing of serious degree of criminal manifestation influenced by family types.

청소년비행과 성격양상 및 가족역동간의 관계

김헌수,민병근,김현실 울산대학교 의과대학 1992 울산의대학술지 Vol.1 No.1

The present study was intended to explore the correlation between juvenile delinquent behavior and their character, mood state and family dynamics. Data were collected through questionnaire survey. Subjects served for this study consisted of 1,838 adolescents including 601 juvenile delinquents and 1,237 adolescent students in Korea, sampled from Korean student population and adolescent delinquent population confined in juvenile correctional institutions, using nonprobability samping method. Their age ranged between 12 and 21. The actual number of cases put into the analysis was 1,696 adolescents including 511 delinquents and 1,185 adolescent students. Data were analysed by IBM PC of Behavioral Science Center at the Korea University, using SAS program. Statistical methods employed were χ²test, simple correlation, principal component analysis, principal component regression analysis and LISREL path analysis. The results of this study were follows: 1. Inconsistent by parental child rearing patterns tended to affect delinquent behavior among delinquent adolescents. The more were paternal and maternal attitudes arbitrary, restricted, mistrusing their children and punishment-oriented, the higher occured their children's delinquent behavior. On the other hand, adolescent students were consistently rearing by their parents, their parental attitudes were democratic, flexible, trusting their children and reward-oriented. In comparison of both parents in the degree of influence on their children was revealed that paternal child rearing pattern was more influential on their children's behaviors than maternals's. 2. The psychological instability of family tended to be contributing to deliquent behaviors among deinquent adolescents. Coldness, dissatisfaction, discord, tenseness and disharmony of family paychological climate revealed significant correlation with delinquent behaviors. On the other hand, student's family stability was more comforable than delinquent family. 3. The disharmonious parent-child relationships were presented to influence on delinquent behaviors and aggressive impulsiveness. Parental rejection toward their children's opinions, lack of affection toward their children, non-self-sacrificing for their children, alienated parent-child relationship, children's disregard toward their parental authority and children's rejection of parental opinions were positively correlated to behavioral problems among delinquent adolescents, while harmonious parent-child relationships among student adolescents were maintained. 4. The whole psychological climates of delinquent's family tended to be rigid, while student's psychological climates of family flexible. 5. Delinquents were more anxious, aggressive and impulsive than student adolescents. They exhibited some learning problems such as interpersonal difficulties. their character patterns tended to be immature and weak ego functioning, while student's character patterns more mature and flexible. 6. The relative comparison of the whole psychological climates of family, anxiety trait, character pattern and social learning ability in terms of predictability revealed that character pattern variables function as the most important determinant of both aggressive impulsiveness and delinquent(aggressive) behaviors.

불임부부의 부부역동적 고찰

김헌수,김현실,민병근 울산대학교 의과대학 1994 울산의대학술지 Vol.3 No.1

The present study was designed to assess the marital relationship including psychological stress, sexual dissatisfaction and marital maladjustment etc. in infertile couples and to provide 3 hypotheses through the analyses of 4 infertile couples and the literature review about the causal modes of infertility. Wives and husbands were interviewed independently, and the following findings were presented. Both members of a couple who desire experienced marital discord and a wide range of negative psychological, behavioral, and sexual aspects. Infertile problem stress influenced on increased marital conflict due to wives abuse and/or extramarital affairs and frequent matrimonial quarrel etc. Therefore, wives showed various somatization, anxiety, depression and other psychotic symptoms like infidelity delusion. Also, there appeared in decreased sexual self-esteem, negative body image and dissatisfaction with own sexual performance by infertile stress. These negative problems of life quality and marriage factors were more serious for wives than for husbands. In psychoanalytical analyses of 4 infertile women, all of them had a difficult, conflicted and frustrating relationship with their own mothers. 3 hypotheses were as follows: 1. A higher positive relationship will be found between infertility and longstanding emotional and psychosocial problems. 2. The experience of fertility problem stress itself and/or the related medical diagnosis and treatment process, will be operated as a psychosocial stressor in many cases. 3. Depending on the particular case, a higher positively correlating relationship will be shown between infertility and psychological and somatic problems. The above 3 hypotheses will be tested by LISREL path analysis.

동시성 공유정신병 : 일란성 쌍생아 자매의 역할반전 Case Formulation of Role Reversal

신화식,유희정,김헌수,김현실,민병근 울산대학교 의과대학 1995 울산의대학술지 Vol.4 No.1

The twin sisters case of folie simultanee is reported here in this paper. A case of folie simultanee is described as two or more people becoming psychotic simultaneously and sharing the same delusion. The results of psychodynamic approach for this case are as follows. 1. There are a variety of conflicting hypotheses on the orgin of the disorder, ranging from the etiological explanation of organic factor to various psychodynamic approach. In this case, there is no evidence of hereditary factor on the laboratory findings and family history. Therefore the authors stressed that the psychodynamic formulation of the disorder is on the importance .of the etiological rol. It seem significant to describe that the etiology is multidimensional and includes factors such as character structure formation in processing of object relations, the emotional relationship between the partners, socio-environmental conditions and hereditary predisposition. 2. There are two issues in folie simultanee. The one is related to diagnosis. It is consider to distinguish the inductor from the recipient. The other is subject to treatment. It is important to determine whether separate the inductor and recipient by admitting the inductor for a psychiatric center or not. Furthermore, the inductor and recipient's weak ego state should be recognized in planning various psychiatric treatments. 3. It could be found in the role reversal phenomenon between the inductor and recipient during long-term course.

마약성 진통제 사용에 관한 지식 및 태도의 비교

김경희,최경숙,이순실,이병구 한국병원약사회 2000 병원약사회지 Vol.17 No.4

Narcotic analgesics has been known as representitive drugs for pain control n terminally ill patient with palliative care, narcotic analgesics use is most effective and best, way to reduce pain in that patients However many patients are poorly complient with narcotic analgesics for lack of knowledgement of narcotics effect, perception of addictive drug, tolerence and adverse reaction. In addition to many doctors do not choose the adequate narcotics according to pain severity. It has been reported that effective pain management has not been achieved by doctors and nurses because of shortness of knowledgement of narcotic use on administration. This study was performed to identify pharmacist knowledgement of narcotic analgesics in respect that the pharmacist are responsible for patient education of narcotic medication, to identify the barrjers of narcotic dispensing and administration and then to compare the knowledgement between doctors, nurses and pharmacist. At first we surveyed the pharmacist's knowledgement and attitude by written questionnaire in SNUH in Sep. 2000, and then we compared this result and doctors and nurses' result has been taken already in SNUH in May 1999. The questionnaires are composed of narcotics classification 11, narcotic pharmacology 8, narcotic administration 5, more detail question 15 cited in Elliot study. The result is analysed by average, S.D., frequency, percentile, comparison of knowledgement of doctors, nurses and pharmacist is analysed by paire t-test, ANOVA. As a result, the pharmacist group has higher average in knowledgement of narcotic analgesics, however it was not different from doctor and nurse's significantly. According to result of attitude analysis, 48% of pharmacist has been hesitated in dispensing and administration of narcotics, that was because of the difficulty in management of narcotic prescription (25%). The role of pharmacist in pain management of patients who take narcotic analgesics is very important and great. We ought to obtain a certain of accurate knowledgement of narcotic analgesic use and perform a effective and responsible medication education and counseling.