한국 시의 아나키즘 영향과 무정부 낙원관

송희복(Song, Hui?bog) 한국비평문학회 2012 批評文學 Vol.- No.46

본 연구는 우리 시문학사에 끼친 사상적인 영향의 하나로 아나키즘을 우선 주목하고자 한다. 아나키스트들이 꿈꾸었던 이상 사회에 대한 동경의 관점이, 이를테면 무정부, 혼돈 등의 뜻을 머금고 있는 아나키(anarchy) 낙원의 관점이 시인의 시 작품 속에 어떻게 투영되어 있는가를 고찰하고자 하는 데 의미와 의의를 두고 있다. 권구현의 시 중에서 무정부(아나키) 낙원관이 보이는 것은 ?전원으로?라는 제목의 시이다. 오늘날 자치적으로 운영되는 ‘빌리지 코뮤니티’가 무정부 대안 사회의 모델인 것과 유사하다. 석송 김형원의 아나키즘 시의 대표적인 작품으로 ?그리운 강남?을 얘기하지 않을 수 없다. 일종의 노래시라고 할 수 있는 이것은 시보다는 노래에 방점이 찍혀 있다. 여기에 공동체 삶의 이상, 민중의 대동적(大同的)인 연대의식이 잘 묘파되어 있다. 시와 노래가 하나가 되는 공명과 반향의 절대 경지이다. 아나키즘 시 운동사에서 진경에 도달한 단 한 편의 작품이라고 할 수 있다. 이 노래에서의 ‘강남’은 다름이 아니라 ‘남조선 사상’의 변형이 아닌가 한다. 신동엽의 서사시 ?금강?은 노동의 신성성과 차별 없는 무계급 사회의 건설이라는 아나키즘의 경세관과 밀접하게 관련을 맺는다. 신동엽은 동학 혁명을 통해 역사적으로 현재화될 수 있는 아나키즘 사상의 민중적인 자발성과 평등주의를 이끌어내고 있다. 아나키즘의 사상적인 영향을 입은 시인들은 대체로 동양적인 무정부 이상 사회인 소국과민(小國寡民)을 지향하고 있다. 유치환과 이윤택이 아나키즘의 사상적인 영향을 받으면서도 그 낙원의식에 있어서는 서로 대조적인 성격을 보여주고 있다. 이를테면 유치환의 ?고대용시도(古代龍市圖)?와 이윤택의 ?밀양(密陽)?에서 아나키 공동체의 낙원 의식이 알게 모르게 엿보인다. 유치환은 그림을 통해 자신의 유토피아를 찾으려 했고, 이윤택은 문화 실천의 현장에서 이를 경험하고자했던 것이다. 김수영의 시 ?풀?에서 보이는 풀의 상징성은 일종의 연성 권력이다. 억압 기구로 제도화된 국가 권력을 강성 권력이라고 한다면, 시민의 자발적인 행위로 존재하는것은 연성 권력이다. 오늘날에 있어서는 시인들이 관심을 두고 있는 것은 에코아나키즘이다. 이것은 생태 아나키즘이니, 녹색 아나키즘이라고 말해지고 있다. 생태계 파괴의 주범을 부(富)의 집중 탓으로 돌리며 탈집중화, 다양성, 자발성을 통해 생태계의 위기를 해결하려고 한다. 환경 친화적인 공동체의 실현을 위해 아나키즘과 생태시와의 연계 가능성은 앞으로 더욱 강화될 것이라고 전망된다. Anarchism is not literary thought but social thought originally. It had a major effect on the social movement related to the 20th century and literary mode specially. In case of our country, anarchism was used as resistant spirit against Japanese colonialism. It focused on overcoming the thought of social darwinism. The poetry movement of anachism in Korea starts from Kweon guhyun and Kim hawasan. In the 1920’s, they were active. Dadaism and Decadentisme is related closely. But the level of poems in anarchism of the 1920’s did not attain a high level of aesthetics. The poetry movement of anarchism in Korea has been continued for a while after that. A song ?Nostagic Kangnam?written by Kim hyungwon which is used poem as lyrics had been popular in korean people. This song expressed the desire of liberation. An epic poem ?Keum gang? written by Sin dongyup, is reflected the thought of anarchism. There are a few poets who are related to anarchism in Korea. Ryu Chihwan among the deceased and Lee Yuntaek among all living poets are noticeable poets in modern Korea. Even though anarchism seems to be non?mainstream today, it sill attracts many poets in America and Europe. Anarchism is closely connected with ecological lyrics which can be called eco?anarchism and stimulates a friendly relationship with our environment.

食餌性蛋白質 水準에 따른 흰쥐의 體 內無機物含量에 미치는 영향

高鎭福,鄭福美,李成東 新羅大學校 1987 論文集 Vol.22 No.-

Calcium, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and zinc contents were measured in the tissues of mature rats (Sprague-Dawley strain, male 60 week-old, female 30 week-old) fed either 10%, 18% or 24% protein diets for 40 days. Liver Ca contents of the male and female rats and femur Ca or muscle of thigh p contents of the female rats in 10% protein diet feeding group were significantly higher than those of 18% or 24% protein diet feeding group. Spleen Can, Mg and Zn contents of female rats in 24% group were significantly higher than those of 18% group. Liver P, K and Mg contents and spleen Mg contents of the male rats in 10% group were significantly decreased but muscle of thigh P contents of the female rats in 10% group were significantly increased compared with 18% or 24% group. Femur and muscle of thigh Mg contents of male rats in 24% group and muscle of thigh Mg contents of female ras in 18% group were significantly decreased compared with 10% group. Kidney and serum Ca, P, K and Mg contents in male and female rats were not affected by dietary protein levels.

학습 포트폴리오 체계의 적용이 교과목을 수강한 예비특수교사의 학습능력 인식 변화에 미치는 영향

황복선 이화여자대학교 특수교육연구소 2014 특수교육 Vol.13 No.1

본 연구는 학습 포트폴리오 체계의 적용이 특수아 초등 수학과지도를 수강한 예비특수교사의 포괄적 학습능력 인식 변화에 미치는 그 효과성을 살펴보고자 하였다. 연구대상은 충청지역 대학 내 특수교육과 3~4학년에 재학 중인 28명이 대상이었으며, 사전-사후 설문조사의 결과 자료를 검증하기 위하여 대응표본 t 검증과 일원분산분석을 실시하였다. 분석 결과 (1) 특수아 초등 수학과지도와 연계한 학습 포트폴리오 체계의 적용 후, 예비특수교사의 포괄적 학습능력에 대한 인식이 긍정적 방향으로 개선된 것으로 나타났으나, 영역별 세부항목 중 ‘수업내용에 대한 이해 및 적용’ 영역을 제외하고는 모든 영역에서 크게 유의미한 차이를 보이지 않았다. (2) 성적 등급에 따라서는 ‘A등급’과 ‘B등급’의 경우 포괄적 학습능력 인식이 학습 포트폴리오 체계의 적용을 통하여 유의미하게 변화된 반면에 ‘C등급’의 경우는 전체 학습능력 인식의 변화에 유의미한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이상과 같은 조사 결과를 바탕으로 수업과 연계한 학습 포트폴리오 체계의 적용을 통하여 예비특수교사의 학습능력 인식 변화를 긍정적으로 유도해 나갈 수 있도록 실제적이고 교육적 시사점에 대하여 논의하였다. The present study designed to examine the effects of a learning portfolio-based program on learning competencies perceived by pre-service special education student teachers during ‘Mathematical Teaching Methods for Elementary Special Education Students’ course. A total of 28 pre-service special education teachers who were junior and senior in the department of special education within Choongchung school district served as participants of the study. To analyze statistically pretest-posttest survey’s data results, the matched pair t-test and one-way ANOVA were conducted. As results of the survey’s data analyses, I found that (1) after the implementation of the learning portfolio-based program connected with ‘Mathematical Teaching Methods for Elementary Special Education Students’ course, there were statistically significant effects on comprehensive learning competencies perceived by pre-service special education teachers. However, five sub-items showed less significantly positive changes except one sub-item including ‘knowledge and application abilities on instructional contents’. (2) According to grades, ‘grade A’ and ‘grade B’ groups showed statistically significant effects on learning competencies’ perception through the learning portfolio-based program connected with ‘Mathematical Teaching Methods for Elementary Special Education Students’ course. There were, however, no statistically positive differences in learning competencies perceived by ‘grade C’ group. In conclusion, this study suggested practical and educational implications for enhancing positively changes of learning competencies perceived by pre-service special education teachers through the learning portfolio-based program connected with university courses.

近隣公園의 效用性 및 그 利用者의 意識構造에 關한 硏究

金福滿 건국대학교 1980 論文集 Vol.12 No.1

This study was carried out to find the use and the consciousness structure of the visitors of a neighborhood park, Ja Yu park in Icheon. 1. The Ja Yu Park in Incheon city is used not only by the residents but also by sight seeing visitors. 2. The Ja Yu Park has some deficits especially in the movable spaces, but this park has been characterized as the Community park by its necessity or utility. 3. It is necessary to set up the sports facility and the Children's playground around the Ja Yu park for the supplement of athletic spaces of the park. 4. It is necessary to set up a practical policy to improve the utility of the park. 5. The settlement of the Sports park and Neighborhood park is desirable before the development of the country park of the specified area in Korea.

남성의 불임에 영향을 미치는 제요인 분석

이복희 중앙대학교 생활과학연구소 2002 생활과학논집 Vol.15 No.-

The study was performed to investigate the various factors affecting infertility in men. The subjects of 193 were randomly selected from men who visit the infertility clinic to have consultation on infertile problems. The semen analyses including sperm count, semen volume, sperm motility and questionnaire interview were undertaken. The results were as followings: 1.Subjects were average of 33.5 yr. old and 23.8 of BMI which is normal. Occuupation was mostly clerical workers and education level university graduates. income was <2,000,000 won. Hea1th was in good condition, but alcohol drinking and smoking is pretty high. They were heavy computer user and very much stressed from job and family. 2.Infertile group compared to normal group were doing less exercise, eating more, and smoking heavier. 3.Males ware divided into two group according to sperm count and sperm motility: inferioir group which had the lowest values of these two parameters and superier group the highest values. Inferior groups spent less time for exercise and ate more and have felt more stress than superior group. Also inferior group was less educated and earned less. The study indicates that infertile males were under highly stressful situation and had undesirable life style and eating habits. Futher studies are needed.

합리적인 포장디자인을 위한 컨셉 설정 프로세스 제안연구 : 스낵류를 중심으로 Focus on Snacks Package design

이복영 한국패키지디자인학회 2000 상품문화디자인학연구 Vol.9 No.-

As no corporate entity can survive without consumers' enthusiastic reaction toward its products, a well planned out marketing strategy aiming at the maximizing of profit and contribution to the society is a must. To achieve this there has to a clear understanding of the needs and distinctive features of the consumers of the target market. In this regard, it is said that packaging is a catalyst for progress. This is to say that packaging is no longer a means to contain and protect the goods, but a sales tool that differentiates the products of one' own from those of all the rest and further more a bond that connects the products to the consumers. This is the motive behind all the effects that companies exert into the making of such effective packaging. This shared trend that acknowledges the importance of packaging resulted in the making of a task force to achieve the desired packaging and to better cope with varying consumer needs, thus creating "competitive and unique products." Naturally there has been more emphasis on the analysis of product research coupled with concept-extracting progress management. Now it is evident that one of the many factors that influence consumers' behaviors is packaging - not just a surface but o powerful trigger that moves the minds of the consumers'. Needless to say that this packaging should carry a certain concept. What does it take for a packaging design to be more than just an array of meaningless words and drawing? This is the very core purpose of this paper - what should a designer do to extract a design that fulfills the expected effect? More specifically, in this paper I will show how the conceptualization for the packaging for "potatochip"(one kind of snack)is drawn out while the packaging design still goes along with the bigger purpose of securing the brand identity of the product in question. The thread that runs through this research is how the conceptualization progress for effective packaging can be systematically managed and developed into a certain system.

중년의 주간 졸음증이 신체활동과 근력 및 반응시간과의 관계연구

정복자,홍양자,신철 한국유산소운동과학회 2003 대한스포츠융합학회지 (jcses) Vol.7 No.1

PURPOSE : This study was to evaluate the comparison by daytime sleepiness, walking, muscular strength and reaction time in middle aged. METHOD : The subjects were randomly selected 1,861(M:815, F:1046) from who residents in Ansan city. measurement of method was 1) Obesity measurement : waist-to-hip ratio(WHR) 2) Back Strength 3) Whole Reaction Time 4) ESS :Questionnaire(self-report)5) Physical activity :Questionnaire (interview),.Anaysis of data was done by ANOVA test, Partial correlation and Multiple regression analysis in SPSS version 10.0. RESULT : According to walking time compared with sleepiness, muscular strength and reaction time was significant difference than no walking in ESS score, muscular strength and reaction time(p<0.001, 0.01). ESS score of four divided groups shows Significant differences in Reaction time, back strength, grip strength

대도시 가정주부의 위생지식 수준평가

이복희 중앙대학교 생활과학연구소 2003 생활과학논집 Vol.17 No.-

The study was aimed to examine the levels of hygiene knowledge through a questionnaire survey for 500 housewives residing in Seoul area. The questionnaire was composed of 2 sectors with total of 25 questions: demographic characteristics(8 items) and hygiene knowledge(17 items). Hygiene knowledge sectoe consisted in 4 domains: food poisoning, personal hygiene, food preparation and equipment sanitation. For evaluating hygiene knowledge, the percentage of correct answer was used. From the findings, the total mean percentage of correct answers on hygiene knowledge stood at 50%. The highest percentage of correct answers was observed in the area of personal hygiene(62.2%), while the lowest percentage of correct answers in the area of food preparation(43.0%). When the effect of demographic characteristics on hygiene knowledge was considered, the more the age and the marriage terms of the housewives, the lower the hygiene knowledge. In conclusion, the overall hygiene knowledge in housewives were poor in general. Therefore, there should be a systematic education and training program designed for housewives and to increase the awareness of hygiene knowledge and ultimately to improve sanitary practicesas well.

컴퓨터를 활용한 급식관리 업무의 효율화

이복희,송혜영 중앙대학교 생활과학연구소 2000 생활과학논집 Vol.13 No.-

Nowadays the computer application is enormously expanded in every way of life due to the development of information technology. The characteristics of computer are 1) fast, 2) precise, 3) reliable, 4) efficient and thus the productivity and effectiveness of work is greatly improved. Foodservice management is very labor-intensive and time consuming task. Recently, many kinds of computer softwares in foodservice management are developed and are used in some foodservice industry. The programs developed in the past are mainly for menu planning, nutrition analysis and evaluation, food cost analysis, while recent softwares are in use for purchasing, production, forecasting, inventory control, budget and employee payment etc.. In turn, all the tedious work becomes efficiently completed and managed in foodservice industry. However, this is only true in developed countries such as America, and yet not in Korea although the application of computer software is on the increase. Nevertheless, the computer based management system like ERP(Enterprise Resource Planning), EDI(Electronic Data Interchange), ECR(Efficient consumer response), VIP(Vendor Inventory Purchasing) etc. still deserves the value and appreciated in promoting the work productivity and efficiency in foodservice management. Therefore, computer softwares should be developed more and more and improved to be easily applicable in the foodservice area. Also, the integrated computer based management system should be developed and implemented in the foodservice industry for better management.

金笠と松尾芭蕉の比較硏究

朴馥遠 진주여자전문대학 1996 論文集 Vol.19 No.-

이 硏究論文은 크게 두 詩人의 生涯와 時代的인 背景과 詩의 特質로 나누어 各各獨立시켜 相互有機的인 關係가 成立되도록 構成했다. 金笠과 芭蕉가 主이며, 韓·日兩國의 代表的인 詩人金笠과 芭蕉의 時代的인 背景을 通해 時代의 環境과 흐름을 認識하고 詩文學을 比較해 보려는 意圖에서 始作했다. 金笠은 俗世의 價値觀에 依해 마음의 상처를 입고, 그 苦痛을 위로받기 爲해 全國 방방곡곡을 流浪하면서 해학과 풍자시를 읊었으며, 芭蕉도 放浪者였지만 俳句를 家業으로 해서 確固한 地位를 갖고 철저한 準備와 함께 自然의 아름다움을 노래하며 紀行文學을 始作했다. 오늘날에 있어 韓·日比較文學의 硏究가 거듭되고 있으며, 漢詩部分에서도 傳統과의 斷絶에서 繼承쪽으로 論議가 活潑하게 展開되고 있는 時點이다. 따라서 本稿에서는 단지 硏究의 必要性과 可能性을 暗示하는 것이 지나지 않는다.